< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jesaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *yes- (“to well, seethe, foam, ferment”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈje.sɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*jesaną
- to ferment
Inflection
Conjugation of *jesaną (strong class 5)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *jesō | *jesaų | — | *jesai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *jisizi | *jesaiz | *jes | *jesazai | *jesaizau |
| 3rd singular | *jisidi | *jesai | *jesadau | *jesadai | *jesaidau |
| 1st dual | *jesōz | *jesaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *jesadiz | *jesaidiz | *jesadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *jesamaz | *jesaim | — | *jesandai | *jesaindau |
| 2nd plural | *jisid | *jesaid | *jisid | *jesandai | *jesaindau |
| 3rd plural | *jesandi | *jesain | *jesandau | *jesandai | *jesaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *jas | *jēzį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *jast | *jēzīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *jas | *jēzī | |||
| 1st dual | *jēzū | *jēzīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *jēzudiz | *jēzīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *jēzum | *jēzīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *jēzud | *jēzīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *jēzun | *jēzīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *jesandz | *jezanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *jazjaną
- *jestuz
- *jōsijaną
Descendants
- Old Frisian: *jesa
- Saterland Frisian: jeese
- Old High German: jesan, gesan
- Middle High German: jësen, gësen
- German: jesen, gesen, jäsen
- Middle High German: jësen, gësen
- Old Norse: (œsa (wk))
- Icelandic: (æsa)
- Norwegian: asa (dialectal); (esja, æsa (wk) (dialectal))
- Swedish: jäsa, esa (dialectal)
- Elfdalian: jäso (str)
- Westrobothnian: esa (str)