Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ili

< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ili

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely an old t-stem, Proto-Indo-European *ilit-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.li/

Noun

*ili n

1. sole of the foot

Inflection

Like *alu and *mili, the nominative singular form lacks the final consonant of the stem. This preserves an old sound change from late PIE, where word-final *-t becomes *-d. According to Grimm's Law, *t shifted to *þ, and *d shifted to *t. Following this, word-final *-t was lost regularly.

neuter consonant stemDeclension of *ili (neuter consonant stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ili	*iliþ
vocative	*ili	*iliþ
accusative	*ili	*iliþ
genitive	*iliþiz	*iliþǫ̂
dative	*iliþi	*iliþumaz
instrumental	*iliþē	*iliþumiz

Related terms

• *īlô

Descendants

• Old English: ile
• Old Frisian: ili, ile
• Old Saxon:
  • Middle Low German: ēle, ēlde, ēlt
    • Low German: Elt
• Old Dutch:
  • Dutch: eelt
• Old Norse: il (< feminine)
  • Icelandic: il
  • Faroese: il
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: il
  • Norwegian Bokmål: il
  • Old Swedish: il

Further reading

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN