< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/braidijaną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *braidaz (“broad”) + *-janą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑi̯.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*braidijaną[1]
- to broaden, make broad, extend
Inflection
Conjugation of *braidijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *braidijō | *braidijaų | — | *braidijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *braidīsi | *braidijais | *braidī | *braidijasai | *braidijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *braidīþi | *braidijai | *braidijaþau | *braidijaþai | *braidijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *braidijōs | *braidijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *braidijaþiz | *braidijaiþiz | *braidijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *braidijamaz | *braidijaim | — | *braidijanþai | *braidijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *braidīþ | *braidijaiþ | *braidīþ | *braidijanþai | *braidijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *braidijanþi | *braidijain | *braidijanþau | *braidijanþai | *braidijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *braididǭ | *braididēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *braididēz | *braididēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *braididē | *braididēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *braididēdū | *braididēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *braididēdudiz | *braididēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *braididēdum | *braididēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *braididēdud | *braididēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *braididēdun | *braididēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *braidijandz | *braididaz | |||
Derived terms
- *braidislą
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *braidijan
- Old English: brǣdan
- Middle English: breden
- English: brede, bread
- Middle English: breden
- Old Dutch: brēden, *breiden
- Middle Dutch: brêden, breiden
- ⇒ Middle Dutch: verbrêden, verbreiden
- Dutch: verbreden, verbreiden
- ⇒ Middle Dutch: verbrêden, verbreiden
- Middle Dutch: brêden, breiden
- Old High German: breiten
- Middle High German: breiten
- German: breiten
- Middle High German: breiten
- Old English: brǣdan
- Old Norse: breiða
- Icelandic: breiða
- Norwegian Bokmål: bre
- Old Swedish: brēþa
- Swedish: breda, bre
- Danish: brede
- Gothic: *𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*braidjan), 𐌿𐍃𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usbraidjan)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*braiđjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 53