< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vihat'ak
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *viha + *-t'ak.
Verb
*vihat'ak (stem *vihada-)
- to hate
Inflection
Inflection of *vihat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *vihadan | *vihacin | — | *vihatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *vihadat | *vihacit | *vihadak | *vihatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *vihadapi *vihat | *vihaci | *vihatkasen | *vihatkosen |
| 1st plur. | *vihadakmek *vihadakmak | *vihacimek *vihacimak | *vihatkatemek *vihatkatamak | *vihatkotemek *vihatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *vihadaktek *vihadaktak | *vihacidek *vihacidak | *vihatkate *vihatkata | *vihatkot'ek *vihatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *vihadabat *vihat | *vihaci | *vihatkasen | *vihatkosen |
| passive | *vihadaksen | *vihattisen *vihadattihen | *vihattakahen *vihadattagasen | *vihattakohen *vihadattagosen |
| connegative | *vihadak | — | *vihatkak | *vihatkok |
| passive connegative | *vihadaktak | — | *vihattagak *vihadattagak | *vihattagok *vihadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *vihadakcin | *vihacicin | *vihannen | |
| 2nd sing. | *vihadakcit | *vihacicit | *vihannet | |
| 3rd sing. | *vihadakci | *vihacici | *vihanni | |
| 1st plur. | *vihadakcimek *vihadakcimak | *vihacicimek *vihacicimak | *vihannemek *vihannemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *vihadakcidek *vihadakcidak | *vihacicidek *vihacicidak | *vihannedek *vihannedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *vihadakci | *vihacici | *vihanni | |
| passive | *vihat'akcihen *vihadat'akcisen | *vihatticihen *vihadatticisen | *vihattanehen *vihadattanesen | |
| connegative | *vihadakcik | *vihacicik | *vihannek | |
| passive connegative | *vihat'akcik *vihadat'akcik | *vihatticik *vihadatticik | *vihattanek *vihadattanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *vihat'ak | present | *vihadapa | *vihattapa *vihadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *vihatte- | past | *vihannut | *vihattu *vihadattu |
| gerund/supine | *vihadama | |||
| action noun | *vihadaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: vihkama/vihata
- Finnish: vihata
- Ingrian: vihata
- → Votic: vihatõ
- Karelian: vihata
- Livonian: vi’jjõ
- Livvi: vihata
- Võro: vihkama/vihadaq
Further reading
- vihkama in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN