< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaski
 | This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Proposed to derive from a derivative of the Indo-European root *h₂eHs- (“to burn”) similar to Proto-Germanic *askǭ (“ashes”).
The Estonian and Votic reflexes show a shift to a meaning 'birch', for which a likely intermediate is reflected in a dialectal Finnish meaning (Southwestern and Far Northern) 'young birch, birch shoots'. These have been earlier compared with the Permic words for 'birch' (Komi кыдз (kydz), Udmurt кыӟпу (kydźpu), from Proto-Uralic *kuće), but this has several phonetic difficulties.
Has also been compared to Armenian կեչի (kečʿi, “birch”).[1]
Noun
*kaski
- swidden, slash-and-burned land
- copse, especially raised for burning
Inflection
Inflection of *kaski
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kaski | *kasket | |
| accusative | *kasken | *kasket | |
| genitive | *kasken | *kaskeden *kaskiden | |
| partitive | *kaskeda | *kaskida | |
| inessive | *kaskessa *kaskehna | *kaskissa *kaskihna | |
| elative | *kaskesta | *kaskista | |
| illative | *kaskehen | *kaskihen | |
| adessive | *kaskella | *kaskilla | |
| ablative | *kaskelta | *kaskilta | |
| allative | *kaskelen *kaskelek | *kaskilen *kaskilek | |
| essive | *kaskena | *kaskina | |
| translative | *kaskeksi | *kaskiksi | |
| instructive | *kasken | *kaskin | |
| comitative | *kaskenek | *kaskinek | |
| abessive | *kasketta | *kaskitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kask (“birch”)
- Finnish: kaski
- Ingrian: kaski
- Karelian: kaški
- Ludian kašk
- Veps: kask
- Votic: kahtši (“birch”)
References
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 296