< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/glēwos
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine”).
Cognate with Proto-Germanic *gliwēną (“to shine, glitter”)[1] (compare Old Norse gljá), Proto-Germanic *glīmaną (“to shine”) (compare English gleam), Ancient Greek χλιαίνω (khliaínō, “warm”).
Adjective
*glēwos[2]
- shining, clear, sparkling
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *glēwos | *glēwou | *glēwoi |
| vocative | *glēwe | *glēwou | *glēwūs |
| accusative | *glēwom | *glēwou | *glēwoms |
| genitive | *glēwī | *glēwous | *glēwom |
| dative | *glēwūi | *glēwobom | *glēwobos |
| instrumental | *glēwū | *glēwobim | *glēwobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *glēwā | *glēwai | *glēwās |
| vocative | *glēwā | *glēwai | *glēwās |
| accusative | *glēwam | *glēwai | *glēwams |
| genitive | *glēwās | *glēwous | *glēwom |
| dative | *glēwai | *glēwābom | *glēwābos |
| instrumental | *? | *glēwābim | *glēwābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *glēwom | *glēwou | *glēwā |
| vocative | *glēwom | *glēwou | *glēwā |
| accusative | *glēwom | *glēwou | *glēwā |
| genitive | *glēwī | *glēwous | *glēwom |
| dative | *glēwūi | *glēwobom | *glēwobos |
| instrumental | *glēwū | *glēwobim | *glēwobis |
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *gluɨw
- Old Breton: gloeu
- Old Welsh: gloiu
- Middle Welsh: gloyw, gloew, gloev
- Welsh: gloyw[3]
- Middle Welsh: gloyw, gloew, gloev
- Old Irish: glé
- Scottish Gaelic: glè
- → Latin: Glēvum
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gloyw”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies