< Reconstruction:Latin
Reconstruction:Latin/sufferio
 | This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Latin
Etymology
From sufferō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sʊfˈfɛrʲo/
Verb
*sufferiō (present infinitive *sufferīre, perfect active *sufferīvī, supine *suffertum); fourth conjugation (Proto-Romance)
- suffer
Inflection
Italo-Western Romance conjugation of *sufferiō
| infinitive | *sọffęrírę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *sọffęrę́ntẹs | ||||||
| gerund | *sọffęrę́ndọ | ||||||
| past participle | *sọffę́rtọ | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *sọffę́riọ | *sọ́ffęris | *sọ́ffęrit | *sọffęrímọs | *sọffęrítẹs | *sọ́ffęrọnt |
| imperfect | *sọffęrívã | *sọffęrívas | *sọffęrívat | *sọffęrivámọs | *sọffęrivátẹs | *sọffęrívant | |
| perfect | *sọffęríi | *sọffęrísti | *sọffęrít | *sọffęrímmọs | *sọffęrístẹs | *sọffęrírọnt | |
| pluperfect | *sọffęrírã | *sọffęríras | *sọffęrírat | *sọffęrirámọs | *sọffęrirátẹs | *sọffęrírant | |
| future perfect | *sọffęrírẽ | *sọffęrírẹs | *sọffęrírẹt | *sọffęrírẹmọs | *sọffęrírẹtẹs | *sọffęrírẹnt | |
| future | *sọffęrírę áviọ | *sọffęrírę ávẹs | *sọffęrírę ávęt | *sọffęrírę avẹ́mọs | *sọffęrírę avẹ́tẹs | *sọffęrírę ávęnt | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *áviọ sọffę́rtọ | *ávẹs sọffę́rtọ | *ávęt sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́mọs sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́tẹs sọffę́rtọ | *ávęnt sọffę́rtọ |
| pluperfect | *avẹ́vã sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́vas sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́vat sọffę́rtọ | *avẹvámọ sọffę́rtọ | *avẹvátẹs sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́vant sọffę́rtọ | |
| future perfect | *avẹ́rę áviọ sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́rę ávẹs sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́rę ávęt sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́mọs sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́tẹs sọffę́rtọ | *avẹ́rę ávęnt sọffę́rtọ | |
| conditional | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *sọffęrírę avẹ́vã | *sọffęrírę avẹ́vas | *sọffęrírę avẹ́vat | *sọffęrírę avẹvámọs | *sọffęrírę avẹvátẹs | *sọffęrírę avẹ́vant | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *sọffę́riã | *sọffę́rias | *sọffę́riat | *sọffęriámọs | *sọffęriátẹs | *sọffę́riant | |
| imperfect | *sọffęrírẽ | *sọffęrírẹs | *sọffęríręt | *sọffęrirẹ́mọs | *sọffęrirẹ́tẹs | *sọffęríręnt | |
| pluperfect | *sọffęríssẽ | *sọffęríssẹs | *sọffęríssęt | *sọffęrissẹ́mọs | *sọffęrissẹ́tẹs | *sọffęríssęnt | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| — | second | — | — | second | — | ||
| present | — | *sọ́ffęri | — | — | *sọffęrítę | — | |
Eastern Romance conjugation of *sufferiō
| infinitive | *suffęrírę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *suffęrę́ntẹs | ||||||
| gerund | *suffęrę́ndo | ||||||
| past participle | *suffę́rtu | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *suffę́rio | *súffęris | *súffęrit | *suffęrímus | *suffęrítẹs | *súffęrunt |
| imperfect | *suffęrívã | *suffęrívas | *suffęrívat | *suffęrivámus | *suffęrivátẹs | *suffęrívant | |
| perfect | *suffęríi | *suffęrísti | *suffęrít | *suffęrímmus | *suffęrístẹs | *suffęrírunt | |
| future perfect | *suffęrírẽ | *suffęrírẹs | *suffęrírẹt | *suffęrírẹmus | *suffęrírẹtẹs | *suffęrírẹnt | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *ávio suffę́rtu | *ávẹs suffę́rtu | *ávęt suffę́rtu | *avẹ́mus suffę́rtu | *avẹ́tẹs suffę́rtu | *ávęnt suffę́rtu |
| pluperfect | *avẹ́vã suffę́rtu | *avẹ́vas suffę́rtu | *avẹ́vat suffę́rtu | *avẹvámu suffę́rtu | *avẹvátẹs suffę́rtu | *avẹ́vant suffę́rtu | |
| future perfect | *avẹ́rę ávio suffę́rtu | *avẹ́rę ávẹs suffę́rtu | *avẹ́rę ávęt suffę́rtu | *avẹ́rę avẹ́mus suffę́rtu | *avẹ́rę avẹ́tẹs suffę́rtu | *avẹ́rę ávęnt suffę́rtu | |
| future | *vǫ́lio suffęrírę | *vę́lẹs suffęrírę | *vǫ́lęt suffęrírę | *vǫlẹ́mus suffęrírę | *vǫlẹ́tẹs suffęrírę | *vǫ́lẹnt suffęrírę | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *suffę́riã | *suffę́rias | *suffę́riat | *suffęriámus | *suffęriátẹs | *suffę́riant | |
| pluperfect | *suffęríssẽ | *suffęríssẹs | *suffęríssęt | *suffęrissẹ́mus | *suffęrissẹ́tẹs | *suffęríssęnt | |
Sardinian conjugation of *sufferiō
| infinitive | *suffęrírę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *suffęrę́ntis | ||||||
| gerund | *suffęrę́ndo | ||||||
| past participle | *suffę́rtu | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *suffę́rio | *súffęris | *súffęrit | *suffęrímus | *suffęrítis | *súffęrunt |
| imperfect | *suffęrívã | *suffęrívas | *suffęrívat | *suffęrivámus | *suffęrivátis | *suffęrívant | |
| perfect | *suffęríi | *suffęrísti | *suffęrít | *suffęrímmus | *suffęrístis | *suffęrírunt | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *ávio suffę́rtu | *áves suffę́rtu | *ávęt suffę́rtu | *avémus suffę́rtu | *avétis suffę́rtu | *ávęnt suffę́rtu |
| pluperfect | *avévã suffę́rtu | *avévas suffę́rtu | *avévat suffę́rtu | *avevámu suffę́rtu | *avevátis suffę́rtu | *avévant suffę́rtu | |
| future perfect | *avérę ávio suffę́rtu | *avérę áves suffę́rtu | *avérę ávęt suffę́rtu | *avérę avémus suffę́rtu | *avérę avétis suffę́rtu | *avérę ávęnt suffę́rtu | |
| future | *ávio ád suffęrírę | *áves ád suffęrírę | *ávęt ád suffęrírę | *avémus ád suffęrírę | *avétis ád suffęrírę | *ávęnt ád suffęrírę | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *suffę́riã | *suffę́rias | *suffę́riat | *suffęriámus | *suffęriátis | *suffę́riant | |
| imperfect | *suffęríręm | *suffęríres | *suffęríręt | *suffęrirémus | *suffęrirétis | *suffęríręnt | |
Descendants
- → Albanian: shfrej
- Asturian: sufrir
- Friulian: sufrî
- Galician: sufrir
- Italian: soffrire
- Old French: sofrir, sufrir, susfrir
- French: souffrir
- Haitian Creole: soufri
- → Middle English: suffren (via Anglo-Norman)
- English: suffer
- French: souffrir
- Old Occitan: sofrir, suffrir, sufrir, sufrire
- Catalan: sofrir
- Occitan: sofrir, sofertar
- Romanian: suferi
- Sardinian: sufrire, sufriri
- Sicilian: suffriri
- Spanish: sufrir