Reconstruction:Latin/Hispaniolus

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

From Latin hispānus (“Hispanic; Spanish”) < Hispānia, with diminutive -olus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /spaˈɲɔlu/

Adjective

*Hispāniolus (feminine *Hispāniola, neuter *Hispāniolum); first/second-declension adjective (Proto-Western-Romance)

Of Spain (or the Iberian peninsula).

Inflection

First/second declension.

Italo-Western declension of *hispāniolus
Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
nominative	*ẹspaniǫ́lọs	*ẹspaniǫ́la	*ẹspaniǫ́lọ	*ẹspaniǫ́li	*ẹspaniǫ́lę	*ẹspaniǫ́la
genitive	*ẹspaniǫ́li	*ẹspaniǫ́lę	*ẹspaniǫ́li	*ẹspaniǫlọ́rọ	*ẹspaniǫlárọ	*ẹspaniǫlọ́rọ
dative	*ẹspaniǫ́lọ	*ẹspaniǫ́lę	*ẹspaniǫ́lọ	*ẹspaniǫ́lis	*ẹspaniǫ́lis	*ẹspaniǫ́lis
accusative-ablative	*ẹspaniǫ́lọ	*ẹspaniǫ́lã	*ẹspaniǫ́lọ	*ẹspaniǫ́lọs	*ẹspaniǫ́las	*ẹspaniǫ́la

Descendants

(Note that the below descendants are all most likely derived, ultimately, from Old Occitan espaignol rather than being inherited directly from Latin.)

Old Occitan: espaignol
- → Aragonese: espanyol
- → Asturian: español
- Catalan: espanyol
- → Corsican: spagnolu
- → (probably) Italian: spagnolo, spagnuolo
  - → Romanian: spaniol (along with French espagnol)
- → Mirandese: spanhol
- Occitan: espanhòl
- → Old French: espagneul, espaigneul
  - → English: spaniel
  - Middle French: espaignol
    - French: espagnol
      - → Romanian: spaniol (along with Italian spagnolo)
    - French: épagneul
      - → Italian: épagneul
- → Old Portuguese:
  - Fala: español
  - Galician: español
  - Portuguese: espanhol
- → Sicilian: spagnolu
- → Spanish: español
  - → English: Hispaniola (from the feminine española)
  - → Hawaiian: Paniolo
    - ⇒ Hawaiian: paniolo
      - → English: paniolo