pꜣj
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /pɑi/
- Conventional anglicization: pai
Verb
3ae inf.
- (intransitive) to fly
Inflection
Conjugation of pꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: pꜣ
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
pꜣt, pꜣj | pꜣw, pꜣ | pꜣt, pꜣwt, pꜣyt | pꜣ | pꜣ, pꜣy |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
pꜣ8 | ḥr pꜣt, ḥr pꜣj | m pꜣt, m pꜣj | r pꜣt, r pꜣj |
suffix conjugation | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | contingent | |
aspect / mood | active | ||
perfect | pꜣ.n | consecutive | pꜣ.jn |
terminative | pꜣt, pꜣyt | ||
perfective3 | pꜣ | obligative | pꜣ.ḫr |
imperfective | pꜣ, pꜣy | ||
prospective3 | pꜣw, pꜣ, pꜣy | potentialis | pꜣ.kꜣ |
subjunctive | pꜣ, pꜣy |
verbal adjectives | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | |
active | active | passive | |
perfect | pꜣ.n | — | — |
perfective | pꜣw1, pꜣy, pꜣ | pꜣ | pꜣy, pꜣ |
imperfective | pꜣ, pꜣy, pꜣw5 | pꜣ, pꜣj6, pꜣy6 | pꜣ, pꜣw5 |
prospective | pꜣw1, pꜣy, pꜣ, pꜣtj7 | pꜣwtj1 4, pꜣtj4, pꜣt4 | |
|
Determiner
m sg demonstrative determiner
- (Late Egyptian) this, that
Usage notes
This demonstrative was primarily a determiner but could also be used alone, as a pronoun. When used as a determiner it precedes the noun it describes.
Inflection
Old Egyptian demonstratives
determiners | pronouns1 | adverbs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | dual | plural | unmarked | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |
proximal to speaker | pn | tn, jtn | jpnj | jptnj | jpn | jptn | nn | — |
distal | pf | tf | jpfj | jptfj | jpf | jptf | nf | — |
proximal to spoken of | pj, pw, py, p | tj, tw, jtw | jpwj | jptwj | jpw | jptw | nw | — |
vocative | pꜣ | tꜣ | — | — | — | — | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ |
|
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
determiners and pronouns | adverbs | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | plural1 | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |||
proximal | pn | tn | nn | ꜥn | ||
distal | pf, pfꜣ | tf, tfꜣ | nf, nfꜣ | ꜥf | ||
‘copula’; vocative | pw, pwy | tw, twy | nw | — | ||
anaphoric | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ | ||
|
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
masculine | feminine | plural | adverb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pronoun | pꜣw | dj | ||||
determiners and pronouns | pꜣj | tꜣj | nꜣj | |||
possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) | pꜣy | tꜣy | nꜣy | |||
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) | p-n, pꜣ | t-nt, tꜣ | nꜣyw, nꜣ | |||
definite articles | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ1 | |||
indefinite articles | wꜥ1 | nhꜣy1 | ||||
|
References
- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 53