pr ꜥꜣ

pr ꜥꜣ

Demotic

Etymology

From Egyptian (pr ꜥꜣ, “pharaoh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəɾˈʕoʔ/, /pəɾˈʕaʔ/ (depending on dialect)

Noun

⁠⁠⁠ m

1. king, pharaoh

Descendants

• Coptic: ⲣⲣⲟ (rro) – Sahidic, Akhmimic, ⲟⲩⲣⲟ (ouro) – Bohairic, Fayyumic

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Egyptian

Etymology

From pr (“house”) +‎ ꜥꜣ (“great, big”).

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /paɾuwˈʕaʀ/ → /paɾuwˈʕaʀ/ → /paɾəˈʕaʔ/ → /pəɾˈʕaʔ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /paɾuwˈʕaʀ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /paɾuwˈʕaʀ/
• (Medio-Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /paɾəˈʕaʔ/
• (Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /pəɾˈʕaʔ/, later dialectally IPA^(key): /pəɾˈʕoʔ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /pɛr ɑːʔɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: per aa

Noun

 m

1. palace
2. (metonymically) pharaoh [c. 1450 BCE]

Inflection

Declension of pr ꜥꜣ (masculine)

singular	pr ꜥꜣ
dual	prwj ꜥꜣwj
plural	prw ꜥꜣw

Synonyms

• nswt
• nswt-bjtj

Descendants

• Demotic: ⁠⁠⁠ (pr ꜥꜣ)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲣⲟ (ouro), ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟ (pouro)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲣⲟ (rro)
• → Neo-Assyrian: 𒉿𒅕𒀪𒌑 (pi-ir-ʾu-u₂ /pirʾū/)[1]
• → Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה‎ (parʿṓ)
  • → Ancient Greek: Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), Φαραών (Pharaṓn); Φαραώθης (Pharaṓthēs); φαραώ (pharaṓ)
    • Greek: φαραώ (faraó)
    • → Chinese:

      Mandarin: 法老 (fǎlǎo)

    • → Coptic: ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ (pharaō)
    • → Ge'ez: ፈርዖን (färʿon)
    • → Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉 (faraō), 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉𐌽𐌹 (faraōni, dative)
    • → Latin: Pharaō (see there for further descendants)
    • → Old Armenian: Փարաւոն (Pʿarawon)
      • Armenian: փարավոն (pʿaravon)
    • → Old Church Slavonic: фараѡ́нъ (faraónŭ), фараонъ (faraonŭ), фараосъ (faraosŭ)
      • Bulgarian: фарао́н (faraón)
      • Church Slavonic: фарао (farao)
      • → Serbo-Croatian:

        Cyrillic: фара̀о̄н m

        Latin: faràōn m

    • → Old East Slavic: фараонъ (faraonŭ), фарао (farao), ѳараонъ (θaraonŭ)
      • Belarusian: фарао́н (faraón)
      • Russian: фарао́н (faraón)
      • Ukrainian: фарао́н (faraón)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܦܶܪܥܽܘܢ‎, ܦܸܪܥܘܿܢ‎ (perʿūn)
    • → Arabic: فِرْعَوْن‎ (firʿawn)
      • Maltese: fergħun
      • → Bashkir: фирғәүен (firğäwen)
      • → Hindustani:

        Hindi: फ़िरौन (firaun)

        Urdu: فرعون‎ (firaun)

      • → Malay: firaun
      • → Ottoman Turkish: فرعون‎
        • → Turkish: firavun
      • → Persian: فرعون‎ (fer'own)
      • → Swahili: firauni
      • → Tajik: фиръавн (firʾavn)
      • → Uzbek: firʼavn

References

1. “Pirʾu”, in The Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period‎, (please provide a date or year)