preceder
See also: précéder
English
Etymology
precede + -er
Noun
preceder (plural preceders)
- One who precedes.
Middle French
Etymology
First known attestation 1353[1], borrowed from Latin praecedō. Precedent is attested earlier.
Verb
preceder
- to precede; to go before; to come before
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of preceder
infinitive | simple | preceder | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | precedant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | precedé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | precede | precedes | precede | precedons | precedez | precedent |
imperfect | precedois, precedoys | precedois, precedoys | precedoit, precedoyt | precedions, precedyons | precediez, precedyez | precedoient, precedoyent | |
past historic | preceda | precedas | preceda | precedasmes | precedastes | precederent | |
future | precederai, precederay | precederas | precedera | precederons | precederez | precederont | |
conditional | precederois, precederoys | precederois, precederoys | precederoit, precederoyt | precederions, precederyons | precederiez, precederyez | precederoient, precederoyent | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | precede | precedes | precede | precedons | precedez | precedent |
imperfect | precedasse | precedasses | precedast | precedassions | precedassiez | precedassent | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | precede | — | precedons | precedez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Descendants
- French: précéder
References
- Etymology and history of “précéder”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin praecēdō.
Verb
preceder (first-person singular present precedo, first-person singular preterite precedi, past participle precedido)
- to precede
- inflection of preceder:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive
Conjugation
Conjugation of preceder (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | preceder | |||||
Personal | preceder | precederes | preceder | precedermos | precederdes | precederem |
Gerund | ||||||
precedendo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | precedido | precedidos | ||||
Feminine | precedida | precedidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | precedo | precedes | precede | precedemos | precedeis | precedem |
Imperfect | precedia | precedias | precedia | precedíamos | precedíeis | precediam |
Preterite | precedi | precedeste | precedeu | precedemos | precedestes | precederam |
Pluperfect | precedera | precederas | precedera | precedêramos | precedêreis | precederam |
Future | precederei | precederás | precederá | precederemos | precedereis | precederão |
Conditional | ||||||
precederia | precederias | precederia | precederíamos | precederíeis | precederiam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | preceda | precedas | preceda | precedamos | precedais | precedam |
Imperfect | precedesse | precedesses | precedesse | precedêssemos | precedêsseis | precedessem |
Future | preceder | precederes | preceder | precedermos | precederdes | precederem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | precede | preceda | precedamos | precedei | precedam | |
Negative (não) | não precedas | não preceda | não precedamos | não precedais | não precedam |
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin praecēdō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Spain) /pɾeθeˈdeɾ/ [pɾe.θeˈð̞eɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /pɾeseˈdeɾ/ [pɾe.seˈð̞eɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: pre‧ce‧der
Verb
preceder (first-person singular present precedo, first-person singular preterite precedí, past participle precedido)
- to precede
Conjugation
Conjugation of preceder (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | preceder | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | precediendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | precedido | precedida | |||||
plural | precedidos | precedidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | precedo | precedestú precedésvos | precede | precedemos | precedéis | preceden | |
imperfect | precedía | precedías | precedía | precedíamos | precedíais | precedían | |
preterite | precedí | precediste | precedió | precedimos | precedisteis | precedieron | |
future | precederé | precederás | precederá | precederemos | precederéis | precederán | |
conditional | precedería | precederías | precedería | precederíamos | precederíais | precederían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | preceda | precedastú precedásvos2 | preceda | precedamos | precedáis | precedan | |
imperfect (ra) | precediera | precedieras | precediera | precediéramos | precedierais | precedieran | |
imperfect (se) | precediese | precedieses | precediese | precediésemos | precedieseis | precediesen | |
future1 | precediere | precedieres | precediere | precediéremos | precediereis | precedieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | precedetú precedévos | preceda | precedamos | preceded | precedan | ||
negative | no precedas | no preceda | no precedamos | no precedáis | no precedan |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of preceder
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive preceder | |||||||
dative | precederme | precederte | precederle, precederse | precedernos | precederos | precederles, precederse | |
accusative | precederme | precederte | precederlo, precederla, precederse | precedernos | precederos | precederlos, precederlas, precederse | |
with gerund precediendo | |||||||
dative | precediéndome | precediéndote | precediéndole, precediéndose | precediéndonos | precediéndoos | precediéndoles, precediéndose | |
accusative | precediéndome | precediéndote | precediéndolo, precediéndola, precediéndose | precediéndonos | precediéndoos | precediéndolos, precediéndolas, precediéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative precede | |||||||
dative | precédeme | precédete | precédele | precédenos | not used | precédeles | |
accusative | precédeme | precédete | precédelo, precédela | precédenos | not used | precédelos, precédelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative precedé | |||||||
dative | precedeme | precedete | precedele | precedenos | not used | precedeles | |
accusative | precedeme | precedete | precedelo, precedela | precedenos | not used | precedelos, precedelas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative preceda | |||||||
dative | precédame | not used | precédale, precédase | precédanos | not used | precédales | |
accusative | precédame | not used | precédalo, precédala, precédase | precédanos | not used | precédalos, precédalas | |
with first-person plural imperative precedamos | |||||||
dative | not used | precedámoste | precedámosle | precedámonos | precedámoos | precedámosles | |
accusative | not used | precedámoste | precedámoslo, precedámosla | precedámonos | precedámoos | precedámoslos, precedámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative preceded | |||||||
dative | precededme | not used | precededle | precedednos | precedeos | precededles | |
accusative | precededme | not used | precededlo, precededla | precedednos | precedeos | precededlos, precededlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative precedan | |||||||
dative | precédanme | not used | precédanle | precédannos | not used | precédanles, precédanse | |
accusative | precédanme | not used | precédanlo, precédanla | precédannos | not used | precédanlos, precédanlas, precédanse |
Further reading
- “preceder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014