piriformis
English
Alternative forms
- pyriformis
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from New Latin pirifōrmis, ellipsis of mūsculus pirifōrmis (“pear-shaped muscle”). Doublet of piriform.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌpɪ.ɹɪˈfɔː.mɪs/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌpɪɹ.əˈfɔɹ.mɪs/
Noun
piriformis (plural piriformes)
- (anatomy, zootomy) A gluteal muscle which arises from the front of the sacrum and the ischium or sacrotuberous ligament, passes out of the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, and inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur, serving in humans to rotate the thigh laterally.
Derived terms
- piriformis syndrome
Translations
muscle that rotates the thigh laterally
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References
- “pyriformis”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “piriformis”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
Latin
Alternative forms
- pyrifōrmis
Etymology
From pirum (“a pear”) + -fōrmis (“-form, -shaped”, adjectival suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /pi.riˈfoːr.mis/, [pɪrɪˈfoːrmɪs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /pi.riˈfor.mis/, [piriˈfɔrmis]
Adjective
pirifōrmis (neuter pirifōrme); third-declension two-termination adjective (New Latin)
- pear-shaped, pyriform
Inflection
Third-declension two-termination adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
| Nominative | pirifōrmis | pirifōrme | pirifōrmēs | pirifōrmia | |
| Genitive | pirifōrmis | pirifōrmium | |||
| Dative | pirifōrmī | pirifōrmibus | |||
| Accusative | pirifōrmem | pirifōrme | pirifōrmēs pirifōrmīs | pirifōrmia | |
| Ablative | pirifōrmī | pirifōrmibus | |||
| Vocative | pirifōrmis | pirifōrme | pirifōrmēs | pirifōrmia | |
Descendants
- → English: pyriform, piriform; piriformis, pyriformis
- → Spanish: piriforme