pascha

pascha

See also: paschą, Pascha, and Paschą

Latin

Alternative forms

• Pascha

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא‎ (paskha), from Hebrew פסח‎ (pésakh).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpas.kʰa/, [ˈpäs̠kʰä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpas.ka/, [ˈpäskä]

Noun

pascha n (variously declined, genitive paschatis or paschae); third declension, first declension[1][2]
pascha f (genitive paschae); first declension

1. Pascha / Passover or Easter
2. the Paschal Lamb

Declension

First-declension noun or third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem). Case Singular Plural Nominative pascha pascha paschata Genitive paschae paschatis paschārum paschatum Dative paschae paschatī paschīs paschatibus Accusative pascha pascha paschata Ablative paschā paschate paschīs paschatibus Vocative pascha paschae paschata

First-declension noun. Case Singular Plural Nominative pascha paschae Genitive paschae paschārum Dative paschae paschīs Accusative pascham paschās Ablative paschā paschīs Vocative pascha paschae

Greek πάσχα was neuter and invariable in form; the Latin word is found with various declension patterns and genders.

The inflection as a neuter noun of the first declension (spelled in the nominative, accusative and ablative singular as pascha, in the dative and genitive singular as paschae, and taking neuter agreement) although unique, is attested in a number of Christian sources. In sources where the dative/genitive singular is unattested, the nominative/accusative/ablative singular forms could instead be interpreted as examples of an invariable declension. Although rarely found in the plural, the neuter plural form pascha is attested in the commentary of Jerome on the book of Isiah ("tria pascha").

The neuter third declension inflection with a genitive singular form paschatis was perhaps created by analogy with nouns from Greek that end in -ma with a stem in -mat-.

It is also found as a feminine noun inflected regularly according to the first declension.

Derived terms

• pascha crucifixiōnis (“pascha of the crucifixion, crucifixional pascha”)
• pascha resurrectiōnis (“pascha of the resurrection, resurrectional pascha”)
• paschālis

Descendants

• Corsican: Pasqua
• Dalmatian: puoscua, puasc
• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: Pashti, Pashte, Paști
  • Romanian: Paști, Paște
• Emilian: Pasqua
• Italian: Pasqua
• Lombard: Pasqua
• Neapolitan: Pasca
• Old French: pasques, pasche, pasches, pasque
  • Bourguignon: Pâques
  • Middle French: Pasques
    • French: Pâques
      • Haitian Creole: Pak
      • → Lingala: Páke
      • → Persian: عید پاک‎ ('eyd-e pâk)
  • Norman: Pâques, Paak
  • Picard: Paques
  • Walloon: Påke
  • → Middle English: Pask, Paske, Paskes, Pasche, Pasch, Pasque
    • English: Pasch (archaic)
    • Scots: Pace
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: pascua
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: Pasqua
  • Occitan: Pasqua
• Old Portuguese:
  • Galician: Pascua
  • Portuguese: Páscoa
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: pascua, Pascua
    • → Kavalan: Paskua
    • → Bikol Central: Pasko
    • → Mezquital Otomi: baxjua
    • → Papiamentu: Pasku
    • → Quechua: Paskwa
    • → Tagalog: Pasko
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: Pasche
  • Romansch: Pasca, Pasqua
• Sardinian: Pasa
• Sicilian: Pasqua
• Venetian: Pàscua
• → Albanian: pashkë
• → Basque: Pazkoa
• → Proto-Brythonic: *Pask
  • Old Breton: Pasc
    • Middle Breton: Pasq
      • Breton: Pask
  • Middle Cornish: Pask
    • Cornish: Pask
  • Middle Welsh: Pasc
    • Welsh: Pasg
• → English: Pascha
• → Middle Dutch: pasch, paesch
  • ⇒ Middle Dutch: paschen, paesschen
    • Dutch: Pasen
      • ⇒ Dutch: Paasfeest
        • Afrikaans: Paasfees
    • Limburgish: Paosje
    • West Flemish: Poaschn
    • Zealandic: Paese
• → Middle High German: pāschen
  • Central Franconian: Poosche
• → Old Irish: Cásc
  • Irish: Cáisc
  • Manx: Caisht
  • Scottish Gaelic: Càisg
• → Old Frisian:
  • North Frisian: Puask
  • West Frisian: Peaske
• → Old Norse: páskar
  • Icelandic: páskar
  • Faroese: páskir
  • Norwegian Bokmål: påske
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: påske
  • Danish: påske
    • → Greenlandic: poorski
  • Elfdalian: påsker
  • Swedish: påsk
• → Old Saxon: pāscha
  • Low German:
    • Dutch Low Saxon: Poaske, Poasken, Poask
    • German Low German: Paasch, Poosch, Paaschen, Pooschen
• → Polish: Pascha
• → Swahili: Pasaka

See also

• phase

References

1. Richard Haynes (1843) A Commentary on the Eton Latin Grammar, page 12: “Perhaps there is only one instance of a neuter noun of the first declension: viz., pascha—the passover”
2. Claude Lancelot (1761) Nouvelle méthode pour apprendre facilement la langue latine, page 49:

   Pascha, est du Neutre. : Pascha próximum, Pâque prochain; & se décline de la premiere ou de la troisiéme: Pascha, æ, Pascha, ătis. [...] les Grecs l'ont fait Neutre, parce qu'ils l'ont pris comme indéclinable [...] les Latins les ont suivis dans le Genre, quoiqu'ils ayent décliné ce nom, ou de la premiere, ou de la troisiéme

   Pascha, is of the neuter. : Pascha próximum, next Passover; and is declined in the first or the third: Pascha, æ, Pascha, ătis. [...] the Greeks made it neuter, because they took it as indeclinable [...] the Latins followed them in the gender, although they declined this noun, either in the first or in the third declension

• “pascha”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pascha in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• pascha in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

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Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian па́сха (pásxa), from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha), from Aramaic פַּסְחָא‎ (paskha), from Hebrew פֶּסַח‎ (pésakh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpas.xa/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -asxa
• Syllabification: pas‧cha
• Homophone: Pascha

Noun

pascha f

1. paskha (Easter dessert)

Declension

Declension of pascha

	singular	plural
nominative	pascha	paschy
genitive	paschy	pasch
dative	passze	paschom
accusative	paschę	paschy
instrumental	paschą	paschami
locative	passze	paschach
vocative	pascho	paschy

Related terms

adjective

• paschalny

 

noun

• Pascha

 

Further reading

• pascha in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pascha in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Swedish

Etymology

From Turkish paşa (“pasha”), from Ottoman Turkish پاشا‎ (paşa).

Noun

pascha c

1. a pasha (title)

Declension

Declension of pascha
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	pascha	paschan	paschor	paschorna
Genitive	paschas	paschans	paschors	paschornas

See also

• divan
• kåldolme
• kiosk
• krabat
• sultan