paraître
See also: paraitre
French
Alternative forms
- paroître (Early Modern French, obsolete)
- paraitre (post-1990 spelling)
Etymology
From Old French paroistre, from Vulgar Latin *pārēscere, from Latin pārēre, present active infinitive of pāreō, from Proto-Italic *pāzēō, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-s- (“watch, see”), s-present of *peh₂- (“protect”). Compare Occitan paréisser, Catalan parèixer, Spanish and Portuguese parecer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pa.ʁɛtʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
paraître
- to appear (become visible)
- Synonym: apparaître
- L'acteur parut sur l'écran. ― The actor appeared on screen.
- to be published
- Synonym: être publié
- Ce texte est paru il y a longtemps. ― This text was published long ago.
- Le livre paraîtra en août. ― The book will be published in August.
- to appear, to seem
- Synonym: sembler
- Il paraît avoir 40 ans. ― He seems forty (years old).
- (impersonal, with que) to be said that, to be rumored that
- Il paraît que le vaccin fonctionne très bien. ― It is said that that the vaccine works very well.
Usage notes
- In the sense of to be published, this verb can take the verb être as the perfect auxiliary.[1]
Conjugation
This verb is one of a fairly small group of -re verbs, that are all conjugated the same way. They are unlike other verb groups in that the 'i' is given a circumflex before a 't'.
Conjugation of paraître (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | paraître | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | paraissant /pa.ʁɛ.sɑ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant or étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | paru /pa.ʁy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | parais /pa.ʁɛ/ | parais /pa.ʁɛ/ | paraît /pa.ʁɛ/ | paraissons /pa.ʁɛ.sɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.sɔ̃/ | paraissez /pa.ʁɛ.se/ or /pa.ʁe.se/ | paraissent /pa.ʁɛs/ |
| imperfect | paraissais /pa.ʁɛ.sɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.sɛ/ | paraissais /pa.ʁɛ.sɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.sɛ/ | paraissait /pa.ʁɛ.sɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.sɛ/ | paraissions /pa.ʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.sjɔ̃/ | paraissiez /pa.ʁɛ.sje/ or /pa.ʁe.sje/ | paraissaient /pa.ʁɛ.sɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | parus /pa.ʁy/ | parus /pa.ʁy/ | parut /pa.ʁy/ | parûmes /pa.ʁym/ | parûtes /pa.ʁyt/ | parurent /pa.ʁyʁ/ | |
| future | paraîtrai /pa.ʁɛ.tʁe/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁe/ | paraîtras /pa.ʁɛ.tʁa/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁa/ | paraîtra /pa.ʁɛ.tʁa/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁa/ | paraîtrons /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɔ̃/ | paraîtrez /pa.ʁɛ.tʁe/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁe/ | paraîtront /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | paraîtrais /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɛ/ | paraîtrais /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɛ/ | paraîtrait /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɛ/ | paraîtrions /pa.ʁɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁi.jɔ̃/ | paraîtriez /pa.ʁɛ.tʁi.je/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁi.je/ | paraîtraient /pa.ʁɛ.tʁɛ/ or /pa.ʁe.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir or être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | paraisse /pa.ʁɛs/ | paraisses /pa.ʁɛs/ | paraisse /pa.ʁɛs/ | paraissions /pa.ʁɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.sjɔ̃/ | paraissiez /pa.ʁɛ.sje/ or /pa.ʁe.sje/ | paraissent /pa.ʁɛs/ |
| imperfect2 | parusse /pa.ʁys/ | parusses /pa.ʁys/ | parût /pa.ʁy/ | parussions /pa.ʁy.sjɔ̃/ | parussiez /pa.ʁy.sje/ | parussent /pa.ʁys/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir or être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir or être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | parais /pa.ʁɛ/ | — | paraissons /pa.ʁɛ.sɔ̃/ or /pa.ʁe.sɔ̃/ | paraissez /pa.ʁɛ.se/ or /pa.ʁe.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle | simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- apparaître
- disparaître
Descendants
- Saint Dominican Creole French: paroître
- Haitian Creole: parèt
Noun
paraître m (plural paraîtres)
- appearance
References
- “paraître”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- parerait, piratera, râperait, repaitra, repaîtra, reparait, reparaît, réparait, repatria