roast
English
Etymology
From Middle English rosten, a borrowing from Old French rostir (“to roast, to torture with fire”), from Frankish *rōstijan (“to roast, broil”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews- (“to crackle; roast”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian rosterje (“to roast”), Dutch roosten, roosteren (“to roast”), German rösten (“to roast”).
Displaced native Old English brǣdan.
Pronunciation
- (General American) enPR: rōst, IPA(key): /ɹoʊst/
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: rōst, IPA(key): /ɹəʊst/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊst
Verb
roast (third-person singular simple present roasts, present participle roasting, simple past and past participle roasted)
- (transitive or intransitive or ergative) To cook food by heating in an oven or over a fire without covering, resulting in a crisp, possibly even slightly charred appearance.
- Coordinate terms: bake, boil, broil, fry, grill, poach, toast
- to roast meat on a spit
- To cook by surrounding with hot embers, ashes, sand, etc.
- to roast a potato in ashes
- 1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], OCLC 1044372886:
- In eggs boiled and roasted […] there is scarce difference to be discerned.
- (transitive or intransitive or ergative) To process by drying through exposure to sun or artificial heat.
- Coffee beans need roasting before use.
- to roast chestnuts or peanuts
- To heat to excess; to heat violently; to burn.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:
- roasted in wrath and fire
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- (transitive, figuratively) To admonish someone vigorously.
- I'm late home for the fourth time this week; my mate will really roast me this time.
- (transitive, figuratively) To subject to bantering, severely criticize, sometimes as a comedy routine.
- The class clown enjoys being roasted by mates as well as staff.
- (metalworking) To dissipate the volatile parts of by heat, as ores.
Derived terms
- roasting ear
- roasting jack
Translations
to cook food by heating in an oven or fire
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to cook by surrounding with hot embers, etc.
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to process by drying through heat-exposure
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to heat to excess; burn
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to admonish someone vigorously
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to banter, severely criticize
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metalworking: to dissipate by heat
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Noun
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a roast (sense 1) after cooking and slicing
roast (plural roasts)
- A cut of meat suited to roasting; meat that has been roasted.
- Serve the roast with gravy and mashed potatoes.
- A meal consisting of roast foods.
- Come over this weekend for Sunday roast.
- The degree to which something, especially coffee, is roasted.
- Dark roast means that the coffee bean has been roasted to a higher temperature and for a longer period of time than in light roast.
- An instance of being severely admonished, criticized, roasted. [from 18th century]
- 1899, Archibald Clavering Gunter, M.S. Bradford, Special, page 58:
- “He ain’t no good!” With this she steps back to the table where Miss Montague has just tired of the Cuban, slips her arms about that seraph’s waist, and says: “Your Frank is in Washington and my Jasper has just given me a roast. Reckon we’ll both have to be bachelor girls to-night.”
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- A comical event, originally fraternal, where a person is subjected to verbal attack, yet may be praised by sarcasm and jokes.
- (Canada, US) A social event at which food is roasted and eaten. [from 19th century]
- On Memorial Day we hosted a wiener roast in the backyard.
- (slang) A creative insult as a response to something someone said.
- Synonym: burn
Derived terms
- nut roast
- roastmaster
Translations
cut of meat
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meal
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degree of roasting
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comical event
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Adjective
roast (not comparable)
- Having been cooked by roasting.
- Synonym: roasted
- (figuratively) Subjected to roasting; bantered; severely criticized. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
Derived terms
- roast beef
Translations
having been cooked by roasting
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subjected to roasting, bantered
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See also
- barbecue
- chargrill
- grill
- joint
- roasties
References
- roast at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- Astor, Astro, Roats, Sarot, Troas, artos, astro, astro-, ratos, rotas, sorta, taros, tarso-
Estonian
Noun
roast
- elative singular of roog