naturaliser
French
Etymology
naturel + -iser
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na.ty.ʁa.li.ze/
Audio (file)
Verb
naturaliser
- (transitive) to naturalize (all senses)
- (transitive) to stuff (a dead animal)
Conjugation
Conjugation of naturaliser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | naturaliser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | naturalisant /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | naturalisé /na.ty.ʁa.li.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | naturalise /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalises /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalise /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalisons /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɔ̃/ | naturalisez /na.ty.ʁa.li.ze/ | naturalisent /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ |
| imperfect | naturalisais /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɛ/ | naturalisais /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɛ/ | naturalisait /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɛ/ | naturalisions /na.ty.ʁa.li.zjɔ̃/ | naturalisiez /na.ty.ʁa.li.zje/ | naturalisaient /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | naturalisai /na.ty.ʁa.li.ze/ | naturalisas /na.ty.ʁa.li.za/ | naturalisa /na.ty.ʁa.li.za/ | naturalisâmes /na.ty.ʁa.li.zam/ | naturalisâtes /na.ty.ʁa.li.zat/ | naturalisèrent /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | naturaliserai /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁe/ | naturaliseras /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁa/ | naturalisera /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁa/ | naturaliserons /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɔ̃/ | naturaliserez /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁe/ | naturaliseront /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | naturaliserais /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɛ/ | naturaliserais /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɛ/ | naturaliserait /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɛ/ | naturaliserions /na.ty.ʁa.li.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ | naturaliseriez /na.ty.ʁa.li.zə.ʁje/ | naturaliseraient /na.ty.ʁa.liz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | naturalise /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalises /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalise /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | naturalisions /na.ty.ʁa.li.zjɔ̃/ | naturalisiez /na.ty.ʁa.li.zje/ | naturalisent /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ |
| imperfect2 | naturalisasse /na.ty.ʁa.li.zas/ | naturalisasses /na.ty.ʁa.li.zas/ | naturalisât /na.ty.ʁa.li.za/ | naturalisassions /na.ty.ʁa.li.za.sjɔ̃/ | naturalisassiez /na.ty.ʁa.li.za.sje/ | naturalisassent /na.ty.ʁa.li.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | naturalise /na.ty.ʁa.liz/ | — | naturalisons /na.ty.ʁa.li.zɔ̃/ | naturalisez /na.ty.ʁa.li.ze/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “naturaliser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.