mascar
Galician
Etymology
From Latin masticāre, present active infinitive of masticō. Compare the semi-learned doublet mastigar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [masˈkaɾ]
Verb
mascar (first-person singular present masco, first-person singular preterite masquei, past participle mascado)
- (transitive) to chew, masticate
- Synonym: mastigar
Conjugation
- Note: masc- are changed to masqu- before front vowels (e).
Conjugation of mascar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | mascar | |||||
| personal | mascar | mascares | mascar | mascarmos | mascardes | mascaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| mascando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | mascado | mascados | ||||
| feminine | mascada | mascadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | masco | mascas | masca | mascamos | mascades | mascan |
| imperfect | mascaba | mascabas | mascaba | mascabamos | mascabades | mascaban |
| preterite | masquei | mascaches | mascou | mascamos | mascastes | mascaron |
| pluperfect | mascara | mascaras | mascara | mascaramos | mascarades | mascaran |
| future | mascarei | mascarás | mascará | mascaremos | mascaredes | mascarán |
| conditional | mascaría | mascarías | mascaría | mascariamos | mascariades | mascarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | masque | masques | masque | masquemos | masquedes | masquen |
| preterite | mascase | mascases | mascase | mascásemos | mascásedes | mascasen |
| future | mascar | mascares | mascar | mascarmos | mascardes | mascaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | masca | masque | masquemos | mascade | masquen |
| negative | – | masques | masque | masquemos | masquedes | masquen |
References
- “mascar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “mascar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “mascar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Interlingua
Verb
mascar
- to mask
Conjugation
Conjugation of mascar
| infinitive | mascar | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| participle | present | perfect | |
| mascante | mascate | ||
| active | simple | perfect | |
| present | masca | ha mascate | |
| past | mascava | habeva mascate | |
| future | mascara | habera mascate | |
| conditional | mascarea | haberea mascate | |
| imperative | masca | ||
| passive | simple | perfect | |
| present | es mascate | ha essite mascate | |
| past | esseva mascate | habeva essite mascate | |
| future | essera mascate | habera essite mascate | |
| conditional | esserea mascate | haberea essite mascate | |
| imperative | sia mascate | ||
Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Latin masticāre (“to chew”). Doublet of mastigar.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /masˈka(ʁ)/ [masˈka(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /masˈka(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /maʃˈka(ʁ)/ [maʃˈka(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /masˈka(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /mɐʃˈkaɾ/
- Hyphenation: mas‧car
Verb
mascar (first-person singular present masco, first-person singular preterite masquei, past participle mascado)
- to chew (to crush with teeth) for a long time
Usage notes
This verb is used when describing the chewing of something that won’t be swallowed (such as gum), or food that requires too much chewing. For normal chewing, use mastigar.
Conjugation
Conjugation of mascar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | mascar | |||||
| Personal | mascar | mascares | mascar | mascarmos | mascardes | mascarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| mascando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | mascado | mascados | ||||
| Feminine | mascada | mascadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | masco | mascas | masca | mascamos | mascais | mascam |
| Imperfect | mascava | mascavas | mascava | mascávamos | mascáveis | mascavam |
| Preterite | masquei | mascaste | mascou | mascamos1, mascámos2 | mascastes | mascaram |
| Pluperfect | mascara | mascaras | mascara | mascáramos | mascáreis | mascaram |
| Future | mascarei | mascarás | mascará | mascaremos | mascareis | mascarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| mascaria | mascarias | mascaria | mascaríamos | mascaríeis | mascariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | masque | masques | masque | masquemos | masqueis | masquem |
| Imperfect | mascasse | mascasses | mascasse | mascássemos | mascásseis | mascassem |
| Future | mascar | mascares | mascar | mascarmos | mascardes | mascarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | masca | masque | masquemos | mascai | masquem | |
| Negative (não) | não masques | não masque | não masquemos | não masqueis | não masquem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Related terms
- mascada
- mascado
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Latin masticāre. Doublet of masticar, a borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /masˈkaɾ/ [masˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: mas‧car
Verb
mascar (first-person singular present masco, first-person singular preterite masqué, past participle mascado)
- to chew (without ever swallowing)
- Synonym: masticar
- (Mexico, reflexive) to sense
Usage notes
This verb is used when describing the chewing of something that won’t be swallowed (such as gum), or food that requires too much chewing. For normal chewing, use masticar.
Conjugation
Conjugation of mascar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | mascar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | mascando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | mascado | mascada | |||||
| plural | mascados | mascadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | masco | mascastú mascásvos | masca | mascamos | mascáis | mascan | |
| imperfect | mascaba | mascabas | mascaba | mascábamos | mascabais | mascaban | |
| preterite | masqué | mascaste | mascó | mascamos | mascasteis | mascaron | |
| future | mascaré | mascarás | mascará | mascaremos | mascaréis | mascarán | |
| conditional | mascaría | mascarías | mascaría | mascaríamos | mascaríais | mascarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | masque | masquestú masquésvos2 | masque | masquemos | masquéis | masquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | mascara | mascaras | mascara | mascáramos | mascarais | mascaran | |
| imperfect (se) | mascase | mascases | mascase | mascásemos | mascaseis | mascasen | |
| future1 | mascare | mascares | mascare | mascáremos | mascareis | mascaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | mascatú mascávos | masque | masquemos | mascad | masquen | ||
| negative | no masques | no masque | no masquemos | no masquéis | no masquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of mascar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive mascar | |||||||
| dative | mascarme | mascarte | mascarle, mascarse | mascarnos | mascaros | mascarles, mascarse | |
| accusative | mascarme | mascarte | mascarlo, mascarla, mascarse | mascarnos | mascaros | mascarlos, mascarlas, mascarse | |
| with gerund mascando | |||||||
| dative | mascándome | mascándote | mascándole, mascándose | mascándonos | mascándoos | mascándoles, mascándose | |
| accusative | mascándome | mascándote | mascándolo, mascándola, mascándose | mascándonos | mascándoos | mascándolos, mascándolas, mascándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative masca | |||||||
| dative | máscame | máscate | máscale | máscanos | not used | máscales | |
| accusative | máscame | máscate | máscalo, máscala | máscanos | not used | máscalos, máscalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative mascá | |||||||
| dative | mascame | mascate | mascale | mascanos | not used | mascales | |
| accusative | mascame | mascate | mascalo, mascala | mascanos | not used | mascalos, mascalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative masque | |||||||
| dative | másqueme | not used | másquele, másquese | másquenos | not used | másqueles | |
| accusative | másqueme | not used | másquelo, másquela, másquese | másquenos | not used | másquelos, másquelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative masquemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | masquémoste | masquémosle | masquémonos | masquémoos | masquémosles | |
| accusative | not used | masquémoste | masquémoslo, masquémosla | masquémonos | masquémoos | masquémoslos, masquémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative mascad | |||||||
| dative | mascadme | not used | mascadle | mascadnos | mascaos | mascadles | |
| accusative | mascadme | not used | mascadlo, mascadla | mascadnos | mascaos | mascadlos, mascadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative masquen | |||||||
| dative | másquenme | not used | másquenle | másquennos | not used | másquenles, másquense | |
| accusative | másquenme | not used | másquenlo, másquenla | másquennos | not used | másquenlos, másquenlas, másquense | |
Derived terms
- goma de mascar
Further reading
- “mascar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014