kelvata
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kelbat'ak, borrowed from Pre-Germanic *kelp- (“help”) (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelb-, *ḱelp- and whence Proto-Germanic *helpaną, compare English help, Swedish hjälpa), or alternatively borrowed from Baltic (compare Lithuanian gelbėti).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkelʋɑtɑˣ/, [ˈke̞lʋɑt̪ɑ(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -elʋɑtɑ
- Syllabification(key): kel‧va‧ta
Verb
kelvata
- (intransitive) to do, work, suffice, be good enough
- (intransitive) to do, be reasonable or acceptable
Conjugation
| Inflection of kelvata (Kotus type 73*E/salata, p-v gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kelpaan | en kelpaa | 1st sing. | olen kelvannut | en ole kelvannut | |
| 2nd sing. | kelpaat | et kelpaa | 2nd sing. | olet kelvannut | et ole kelvannut | |
| 3rd sing. | kelpaa | ei kelpaa | 3rd sing. | on kelvannut | ei ole kelvannut | |
| 1st plur. | kelpaamme | emme kelpaa | 1st plur. | olemme kelvanneet | emme ole kelvanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kelpaatte | ette kelpaa | 2nd plur. | olette kelvanneet | ette ole kelvanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kelpaavat | eivät kelpaa | 3rd plur. | ovat kelvanneet | eivät ole kelvanneet | |
| passive | kelvataan | ei kelvata | passive | on kelvattu | ei ole kelvattu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kelpasin | en kelvannut | 1st sing. | olin kelvannut | en ollut kelvannut | |
| 2nd sing. | kelpasit | et kelvannut | 2nd sing. | olit kelvannut | et ollut kelvannut | |
| 3rd sing. | kelpasi | ei kelvannut | 3rd sing. | oli kelvannut | ei ollut kelvannut | |
| 1st plur. | kelpasimme | emme kelvanneet | 1st plur. | olimme kelvanneet | emme olleet kelvanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kelpasitte | ette kelvanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kelvanneet | ette olleet kelvanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kelpasivat | eivät kelvanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kelvanneet | eivät olleet kelvanneet | |
| passive | kelvattiin | ei kelvattu | passive | oli kelvattu | ei ollut kelvattu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kelpaisin | en kelpaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kelvannut | en olisi kelvannut | |
| 2nd sing. | kelpaisit | et kelpaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kelvannut | et olisi kelvannut | |
| 3rd sing. | kelpaisi | ei kelpaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kelvannut | ei olisi kelvannut | |
| 1st plur. | kelpaisimme | emme kelpaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kelvanneet | emme olisi kelvanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kelpaisitte | ette kelpaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kelvanneet | ette olisi kelvanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kelpaisivat | eivät kelpaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kelvanneet | eivät olisi kelvanneet | |
| passive | kelvattaisiin | ei kelvattaisi | passive | olisi kelvattu | ei olisi kelvattu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kelpaa | älä kelpaa | 2nd sing. | ole kelvannut | älä ole kelvannut | |
| 3rd sing. | kelvatkoon | älköön kelvatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kelvannut | älköön olko kelvannut | |
| 1st plur. | kelvatkaamme | älkäämme kelvatko | 1st plur. | olkaamme kelvanneet | älkäämme olko kelvanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kelvatkaa | älkää kelvatko | 2nd plur. | olkaa kelvanneet | älkää olko kelvanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kelvatkoot | älkööt kelvatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kelvanneet | älkööt olko kelvanneet | |
| passive | kelvattakoon | älköön kelvattako | passive | olkoon kelvattu | älköön olko kelvattu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kelvannen | en kelvanne | 1st sing. | lienen kelvannut | en liene kelvannut | |
| 2nd sing. | kelvannet | et kelvanne | 2nd sing. | lienet kelvannut | et liene kelvannut | |
| 3rd sing. | kelvannee | ei kelvanne | 3rd sing. | lienee kelvannut | ei liene kelvannut | |
| 1st plur. | kelvannemme | emme kelvanne | 1st plur. | lienemme kelvanneet | emme liene kelvanneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kelvannette | ette kelvanne | 2nd plur. | lienette kelvanneet | ette liene kelvanneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kelvannevat | eivät kelvanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kelvanneet | eivät liene kelvanneet | |
| passive | kelvattaneen | ei kelvattane | passive | lienee kelvattu | ei liene kelvattu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kelvata | present | kelpaava | kelvattava | ||
| long 1st2 | kelvatakseen | past | kelvannut | kelvattu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kelvatessa | kelvattaessa | agent1, 3 | kelpaama | |
| instructive | kelvaten | — | negative | kelpaamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kelpaamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kelpaamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kelpaamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kelpaamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kelpaamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kelpaaman | kelvattaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kelpaaminen | ||||
| partitive | kelpaamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kelpaamaisillaan | |||||
Anagrams
- kalteva, kalveta, valkeat
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kelbat'ak. Cognates include Finnish kelvata and Estonian kõlvata.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkelʋɑtɑ/, [ˈke̞ɫʋəd]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkelʋɑtɑ/, [ˈke̞ɫʋɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -elʋɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: kel‧va‧ta
Verb
kelvata
- (intransitive) to fit
- (intransitive) to suffice
Conjugation
| Conjugation of kelvata (type 16/maata, p-v gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpaan | en kelpaa | 1st singular | oon kelvant, oon kelvannut | en oo kelvant, en oo kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpaat | et kelpaa | 2nd singular | oot kelvant, oot kelvannut | et oo kelvant, et oo kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpajaa | ei kelpaa | 3rd singular | ono kelvant, ono kelvannut | ei oo kelvant, ei oo kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpaamma | emmä kelpaa | 1st plural | oomma kelvanneet | emmä oo kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpaatta | että kelpaa | 2nd plural | ootta kelvanneet | että oo kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpajaat1), kelpaavat2), kelvataa | evät kelpaa | 3rd plural | ovat kelvanneet | evät oo kelvanneet |
| impersonal | kelvataa | ei kelvata | impersonal | ono kelvattu | ei oo kelvattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpaisin | en kelvant, en kelvannut | 1st singular | olin kelvant, olin kelvannut | en olt kelvant, en olt kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpaisit, kelpaist1) | et kelvant, et kelvannut | 2nd singular | olit kelvant, olit kelvannut | et olt kelvant, et olt kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpais | ei kelvant, ei kelvannut | 3rd singular | oli kelvant, oli kelvannut | ei olt kelvant, ei olt kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpaisimma | emmä kelvanneet | 1st plural | olimma kelvanneet | emmä olleet kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpaisitta | että kelvanneet | 2nd plural | olitta kelvanneet | että olleet kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpaisiit1), kelpaisivat2), kelvattii | evät kelvanneet | 3rd plural | olivat kelvanneet | evät olleet kelvanneet |
| impersonal | kelvattii | ei kelvattu | impersonal | oli kelvattu | ei olt kelvattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpajaisin | en kelpajais | 1st singular | olisin kelvant, olisin kelvannut | en olis kelvant, en olis kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpajaisit, kelpajaist1) | et kelpajais | 2nd singular | olisit kelvant, olisit kelvannut | et olis kelvant, et olis kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpajais | ei kelpajais | 3rd singular | olis kelvant, olis kelvannut | ei olis kelvant, ei olis kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpajaisimma | emmä kelpajais | 1st plural | olisimma kelvanneet | emmä olis kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpajaisitta | että kelpajais | 2nd plural | olisitta kelvanneet | että olis kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpajaisiit1), kelpajaisivat2), kelvattais | evät kelpajais | 3rd plural | olisivat kelvanneet | evät olis kelvanneet |
| impersonal | kelvattais | ei kelvattais | impersonal | olis kelvattu | ei olis kelvattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | kelpaa | elä kelpaa | 2nd singular | oo kelvant, oo kelvannut | elä oo kelvant, elä oo kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelvatkoo | elköö kelvatko | 3rd singular | olkoo kelvant, olkoo kelvannut | elköö olko kelvant, elköö olko kelvannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | kelvatkaa | elkää kelvatko | 2nd plural | olkaa kelvanneet | elkää olko kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelvatkoot | elkööt kelvatko | 3rd plural | olkoot kelvanneet | elkööt olko kelvanneet |
| impersonal | kelvattakkoo | elköö kelvattako | impersonal | olkoo kelvattu | elköö olko kelvattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | kelvannen | en kelvanne | |||
| 2nd singular | kelvannet | et kelvanne | |||
| 3rd singular | kelvannoo | ei kelvanne | |||
| 1st plural | kelvannemma | emmä kelvanne | |||
| 2nd plural | kelvannetta | että kelvanne | |||
| 3rd plural | kelvannoot | evät kelvanne | |||
| impersonal | kelvattannoo | ei kelvattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | kelvata | present | kelpaava | kelvattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | kelvatees | past | kelvant, kelvannut | kelvattu |
| instructive | kelvaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kelvatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | kelpaamaa | |||
| inessive | kelpaamaas | ||||
| elative | kelpaamast | ||||
| abessive | kelpaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kelpaamiin | |||
| partitive | kelpaamista, kelpaamist | ||||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 152