karang
Atong (India)
Etymology
Cognate with Garo grang.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /karaŋ/
Noun
karang (Bengali script কারাং)
- wing
References
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkaraŋ]
- Hyphenation: ka‧rang
Etymology 1
From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”). Cognate with Old Javanese karaṅ (“coral, reef”).
Noun
karang (plural karang-karang, first-person possessive karangku, second-person possessive karangmu, third-person possessive karangnya)
- coral, a hard substance made of the limestone skeletons of marine polyps.
- coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons.
Derived terms
- berkarang
- karangan
- karang-karangan
- mengarang
Etymology 2
From Javanese karang (ꦏꦫꦁ, “yard”), from Old Javanese karang (“place, yard”), kalang (“circle”), kalangka (“stain, spot, mark”), from Sanskrit कलङ्क (kalaṅka, “stain, spot”).
Noun
karang (plural karang-karang, first-person possessive karangku, second-person possessive karangmu, third-person possessive karangnya)
- assembly point.
Derived terms
- pekarangan
- karang balita
- karang gizi
- karang keputraan
- karang taruna
- karang werda
Etymology 3
From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, probably from Old Javanese karan (“cause, reason”), karaṇa (“cause, reason”), from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”), करण (karaṇa).
Verb
karang
- to compose, to create
- Synonyms: jalin, rangkai, susun
Derived terms
- berkarang
- karangan
- karang-mengarang
- kepengarangan
- mengarang
- mengarang-ngarang
- pengarang
Further reading
- “karang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Karao
Noun
karang
- span from the extended middle finger to the thumb
Malay
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”).
Noun
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ, plural karang-karang, informal 1st possessive karangku, 2nd possessive karangmu, 3rd possessive karangnya)
- coral
- coral reef
Etymology 2
Probably from Old Javanese karaṇa (“writer; poet”), from Sanskrit करण (karaṇa, “writer; scribe”).
Verb
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ)
- to compose
Derived terms
Regular affixed derivations:
- pengarang [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pengarangan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- karangan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- mengarang [agent focus] (meN-)
- mengarangkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dikarangkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- terkarang [agentless action] (teR-)
- berkarang [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Adverb
karang (Jawi spelling کارڠ)
- later, soon
- Synonyms: nanti, kelak
Derived terms
Regular affixed derivations:
- sekarang [immediacy / habitual] (se-)
Further reading
- “karang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maranao
Noun
karang
- reef
Tagalog
Noun
karang
- temporary shed or awning
- shed or roof-covering for native boats, usually made of nipa or woven bamboo splits
- leather or felt uppers of shoes or slippers
- float used in parades
Noun
karáng
- stamping of feet, as in anger or in playing
- coral reef or atoll
Taroko
Noun
karang
- crab