kalendae
Latin
Alternative forms
- calendae, Kalendae
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *kalēō, gerundive formation from Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁- (“to call, summon”); compare calō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kaˈlen.dae̯/, [käˈɫ̪ɛn̪d̪äe̯]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kaˈlen.de/, [käˈlɛn̪d̪e]
Noun
kalendae f pl (genitive kalendārum); first declension
- (Ancient Rome) the calends, the first day of the month
Declension
First-declension noun, plural only.
| Case | Plural |
|---|---|
| Nominative | kalendae |
| Genitive | kalendārum |
| Dative | kalendīs |
| Accusative | kalendās |
| Ablative | kalendīs |
| Vocative | kalendae |
Related terms
- kalendālis
- kalendārium
Descendants
- Asturian: calienda
- Catalan: calenda
- Emilian: calaind
- Istriot: calenbre
- Italian: calende, calenne (Rieti)
- Franco-Provençal: Chalendes
- Ligurian: caende
- Lombard: carent, calendre
- Neapolitan: calenne (Old Abruzzese) ⇒ calantrella (“hot summer afternoon”)
- Old Occitan: calendas
- Occitan: Calenda (“christmas”)
- Old Portuguese: caenda
- Galician: quenda
- Piedmontese: calent
- Romansch: chalanda, calondas
- Sicilian: calènni ⇒ carènnuli (“ides of December”)
Early borrowings:
- Celtic:
- → Breton: kal ⇒ calemay
- → Cornish: calan
- → Irish: callain
- → Welsh: calan
- → Ancient Greek: καλάνδαι (kalándai)
- → Byzantine Greek: κάλανδα (kálanda)
- → Georgian: კალანდა (ḳalanda, “New Year”)
- → Mingrelian: კალანდა (ḳalanda, “New Year”)
- → Svan: კალანდა (ḳalanda), კანდა (ḳanda)
- → Old Armenian: կաղանդ (kałand)
- → Old French: calendes
- French: calendes
- → Proto-Slavic: *kolęda (see there for further descendants)
Late borrowings:
- Galician: calendas
- Portuguese: calendas
- Spanish: calendas
See also
- idus
- nonae
References
- kalendae in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “calendae”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 81
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “calendae”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 115