herba

herba

See also: herbá, hèrba, and ħerba

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Catalan erba, from Latin herba, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ˈeɾ.bə/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈer.bə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈeɾ.ba/

• Audio (Valencian)

  (file)

Noun

herba f (plural herbes)

1. herb
2. grass
3. (slang) marijuana

Derived terms

• herba adventícia
• herba de sang
• herba fetgera
• herba gatera
• herba sabonera
• herbassar
• herbat
• herbera
• mala herba

 

Related terms

• herbaci
• herbós

References

• “herba” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “herba”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “herba” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “herba” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Esperanto

Etymology

From herbo +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈherba]
• Rhymes: -erba
• Hyphenation: her‧ba

Adjective

herba (accusative singular herban, plural herbaj, accusative plural herbajn)

1. grassy, herbal (of or pertaining to grass)

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Galician

Herba, A Herbeira, Cedeira

Herba, A Herbeira, Cedeira

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese erva (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin herba. Cognate, among others, with Portuguese erva and Spanish hierba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɛɾ.βɐ]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

herba f (plural herbas)

1. herb (plant lacking wood)

   Synonym: planta

2. weed
3. grass

   Synonym: grama

4. (uncountable) grass, herbage, pasture

   Synonym: pasto

Derived terms

• herba doce
• herbal (“meadow”)
• herbeira (“meadow”)
• Herbosa
• Penerbosa

Related terms

• herbáceo

Further reading

• “herba” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

References

• “erva” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “erva” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “herba” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “herba” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “herba” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈher.ba/, [ˈhɛrbä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈer.ba/, [ˈɛrbä]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

• Audio (Ecclesiastical)

  (file)

Noun

herba f (genitive herbae); first declension

1. grass, herbage
2. herb
3. weeds
4. plant

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	herba	herbae
Genitive	herbae	herbārum
Dative	herbae	herbīs
Accusative	herbam	herbās
Ablative	herbā	herbīs
Vocative	herba	herbae

Synonyms

• (grass, herb): grāmen

Derived terms

• herbāceus
• herbāns
• herbāria
• herbārium
• herbārius
• herbāticus
• herbeus
• herbidus
• herbifer
• herbilis
• herbipotēns
• herbitum
• herbōsus
• herbula
• herbuscula

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: earbã, iarbã
  • Istro-Romanian: iorbe
  • Megleno-Romanian: iarbă, i̯arbă
  • Romanian: iarbă
• Dalmatian:
  • yarba
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: erba
    • → Sicilian: erba
  • Sicilian: erva, èriva, jerva, ierva
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: jerbe
  • Istriot: gièrba, yerba
  • Romagnol: érba (central)
  • Romansch: erva, earva, erba, jarva
  • Venetian: èrba
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: erbe
    • French: herbe
      • Haitian Creole: zèb
    • Tourangeau: harbe
    • Walloon: yebe
    • → Middle English: erbe
      • English: herb
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: erba
    • Catalan: herba
  • Old Occitan: erba
    • Occitan: èrba
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: yerba
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: yerba, herba
    • Extremaduran: yerba
    • Leonese: yerba, herba
    • Mirandese: yerba
  • Old Portuguese: erva
    • Galician: herba
    • Portuguese: erva
      • Kabuverdianu: erba
  • Old Spanish: yerba
    • Ladino: yerva
    • Spanish: hierba, yerba
      • Papiamentu: yerba
      • Sabir: gerba
      • → English: yerba
      • →? Volapük: yeb
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: erba
• Borrowings:
  • → Esperanto: herbo
    • Ido: herbo
  • → Interlingua: herba
  • → Interlingue: herbe

References

• “herba”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “herba”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• herba in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• herba in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
    
  • the crop is in the blade: messis in herbis est (Liv. 25. 15)
    
  • your crop is still green, i.e. you are still far from your ambition: adhuc tua messis in herba est (proverb.)
    
• herba in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

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Leonese

Alternative forms

• yerba

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

herba f

1. grass

References

• AEDLL
• Pallabreiru Llïonés