guarder
English
Etymology
From guard + -er.
School slang relates to Stonyhurst College in the United Kingdom.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑːdə/
Noun
guarder (plural guarders)
- A person who guards; a guard.
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 27, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
- they found themselves in view of the town, whence the night before they had hoised sailes, where they were pursued by the guarders and Souldiers of the Port.
-
- (school slang, soccer) A goalkeeper.
- 1914 February 1, “Hodder Notes”, in The Stonyhurst Magazine, volume 13, number 192, page 819:
- The Hodder Football is very good this year, and we have an excellent team. Hammond is a good guarder and can save some very difficult shots.
-
Derived terms
- (goalkeeper): second-guarder, third-guarder
References
- (goalkeeper): Farmer, John Stephen (1890–1904) Slang and Its Analogues, page 104
Anagrams
- duergar, reguard
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French guarder.
Verb
guarder
- to protect; to guard
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of guarder
| infinitive | simple | guarder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | guardant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | guardé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
| imperfect | guardois, guardoys | guardois, guardoys | guardoit, guardoyt | guardions, guardyons | guardiez, guardyez | guardoient, guardoyent | |
| past historic | guarda | guardas | guarda | guardasmes | guardastes | guarderent | |
| future | guarderai, guarderay | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderez | guarderont | |
| conditional | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderoit, guarderoyt | guarderions, guarderyons | guarderiez, guarderyez | guarderoient, guarderoyent | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
| imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardassions | guardassiez | guardassent | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||
Descendants
- English: to guard
- French: garder
Old French
Alternative forms
- garder, gardir, gardier, warder, wardir
Etymology
From Medieval Latin wardāre (“to herd, ward against, guard”).
Verb
guarder
- to protect; to guard
- to look at
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of guarder (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | guarder | avoir guardé | |||||
| gerund | en guardant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | guardant | ||||||
| past participle | guardé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | guart | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
| imperfect | guardoie, guardeie, guardoe, guardeve | guardoies, guardeies, guardoes, guardeves | guardoit, guardeit, guardot, guardeve | guardiiens, guardiens | guardiiez, guardiez | guardoient, guardeient, guardoent, guardevent | |
| preterite | guardai | guardas | guarda | guardames | guardastes | guarderent | |
| future | guarderai | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderoiz, guardereiz, guarderez | guarderont | |
| conditional | guarderoie, guardereie | guarderoies, guardereies | guarderoit, guardereit | guarderiiens, guarderiens | guarderiiez, guarderiez | guarderoient, guardereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | guart | guarz | guart | guardons | guardez | guardent |
| imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardissons, guardissiens | guardissoiz, guardissez, guardissiez | guardassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — | ||
Derived terms
- guarde
- reguarder
Descendants
- Bourguignon: gadier, gadai
- Champenois: vadya
- Franc-Comtois: gaidjai, vădjaî
- Middle French: garder
- French: garder
- Norman: garder, gardaïr
- Old Lorrain: warzer
- Lorrain: vadya
- Picard: wardeu (Artésien)
- Walloon: aurder (Charleroi), aurdè (Forrières), wårder (Liégeois)
- → Middle English: guard
- English: guard
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (garder)
- garder on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub