gouzout
Breton
Etymology
From Middle Breton gouzvout, from Old Breton gudbut, guzbut; from a Proto-Breton form *gwezboud (cf. Welsh gwybod), originally a compound of bezañ (“to be”) (older infinitive form boud or bout) with gouz, an adjective derived from Proto-Celtic *wid-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know”). Cognate with Cornish godhvos and Welsh gwybod.
Verb
gouzout
- (transitive) to know
Conjugation
Personal forms | |||||||
Indicative | Conditional | Imperative | |||||
Present | Imperfect | Preterite | Future | Present | Imperfect | ||
1s | gouzon | gouien | gouezis | gouezin | goufen | gouijen | - |
2s | gouzout | gouies | gouejout | gouezi | goufes | gouijes | gouez |
3s | goar | gouie | gouezas | gouezo | goufe | gouije | gouezet |
1p | gouzomp | gouiemp | gouejomp | gouezimp | goufemp | gouijemp | gouezomp |
2p | gouzoc'h | gouiec'h | gouejoc'h | gouiot | goufec'h | gouijec'h | gouezit |
3p | gouzont | gouient | gouejont | gouezint | goufent | gouijent | gouezent |
0 | gouzer | gouied | gouejod | gouezor | goufed | gouijed | - |
Impersonal forms | Mutated forms | ||||||
Infinitive: gouzout, gouvezout, gouiet, goût Present participle: o c'houzout Past participle: gouezet (auxiliary verb: kaout) | Soft mutation after a: a ou- Mixed mutation after e: e ou- Soft mutation after ne/na: ne/na ou- |
Usage notes
- Just like ober which has an irregular mutation (gra- becomes ra- instead of expected c'hra- due to an earlier gwra- initial consonant), gouzout has an irregular mutation ouz- instead of expected c'houz- due to an earlier gw- initial consonant in Proto-Breton *gwezboud (cf. modern Welsh gwybod), as this verb is initially a compound of bout (bezañ) + an adjective *gwid (see etymology above).
Derived terms
- gouzoud
- gouiziegezh
Mutation
Mutation of gouzout
Breton consonant mutation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | |
gouzout | c'houzout | unchanged | kouzout | c'houzout |