fumar
See also: fümar
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin fūmāre, present active indicative of fūmō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fuˈmaɾ/, [fuˈmaɾ]
Verb
fumar (first-person singular indicative present fumo, past participle fumáu)
- to smoke
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar
| infinitive | fumar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | fumando | ||||||
| past participle | m fumáu, f fumada, n fumao, m pl fumaos, f pl fumaes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | fumo | fumes | fuma | fumamos | fumáis | fumen |
| imperfect | fumaba | fumabes | fumaba | fumábemos, fumábamos | fumabeis, fumabais | fumaben | |
| preterite | fumé | fumasti, fumesti | fumó | fumemos | fumastis, fumestis | fumaron | |
| pluperfect | fumare, fumara | fumares, fumaras | fumare, fumara | fumáremos, fumáramos | fumareis, fumarais | fumaren, fumaran | |
| future | fumaré | fumarás | fumará | fumaremos | fumaréis | fumarán | |
| conditional | fumaría | fumaríes | fumaría | fumaríemos, fumaríamos | fumaríeis, fumaríais | fumaríen | |
| subjunctive | present | fume | fumes, fumas | fume | fumemos | fuméis | fumen, fuman |
| imperfect | fumare, fumara | fumares, fumaras | fumare, fumara | fumáremos, fumáramos | fumareis, fumarais | fumaren, fumaran | |
| imperative | — | fuma | — | — | fumái | — | |
Related terms
- fumu
- afumar
- fumiar
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin fūmāre, present active indicative of fūmō.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /fuˈma/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /fuˈmaɾ/
Verb
fumar (first-person singular present fumo, past participle fumat)
- (transitive, intransitive) to smoke
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to become smoked or smoky
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | fumar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | fumant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | fumat | fumada | |||||
| plural | fumats | fumades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | fumo | fumes | fuma | fumem | fumeu | fumen | |
| imperfect | fumava | fumaves | fumava | fumàvem | fumàveu | fumaven | |
| future | fumaré | fumaràs | fumarà | fumarem | fumareu | fumaran | |
| preterite | fumí | fumares | fumà | fumàrem | fumàreu | fumaren | |
| conditional | fumaria | fumaries | fumaria | fumaríem | fumaríeu | fumarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | fumi | fumis | fumi | fumem | fumeu | fumin | |
| imperfect | fumés | fumessis | fumés | fuméssim | fuméssiu | fumessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | fuma | fumi | fumem | fumeu | fumin | ||
Derived terms
- fumador
- fumatge
Related terms
- fum
- fumant
- fumejar
- fumer
- fumera
- fumigar
Further reading
- “fumar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “fumar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “fumar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “fumar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Latin fūmāre, present active indicative of fūmō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fu.ˈmaɾ/
Verb
fumar (first-person singular present fumo, first-person singular preterite fumei, past participle fumado)
- to smoke
- 1820, anonymous, Diálogo entre Dominjos è Farruco:
- ¿Con que eses papès que leche non balen nada, exâ podo fumalos ou limpiar ò cu con eles?
- So these papers you read don't worth a thing, and now I can smoke them or clean my ass with them?
- ¿Con que eses papès que leche non balen nada, exâ podo fumalos ou limpiar ò cu con eles?
- 1820, anonymous, Diálogo entre Dominjos è Farruco:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive of fumar
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive of fumar
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | fumar | |||||
| personal | fumar | fumares | fumar | fumarmos | fumardes | fumaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| fumando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | fumado | fumados | ||||
| feminine | fumada | fumadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | fumo | fumas | fuma | fumamos | fumades | fuman |
| imperfect | fumaba | fumabas | fumaba | fumabamos | fumabades | fumaban |
| preterite | fumei | fumaches | fumou | fumamos | fumastes | fumaron |
| pluperfect | fumara | fumaras | fumara | fumaramos | fumarades | fumaran |
| future | fumarei | fumarás | fumará | fumaremos | fumaredes | fumarán |
| conditional | fumaría | fumarías | fumaría | fumariamos | fumariades | fumarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | fume | fumes | fume | fumemos | fumedes | fumen |
| preterite | fumase | fumases | fumase | fumásemos | fumásedes | fumasen |
| future | fumar | fumares | fumar | fumarmos | fumardes | fumaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | fuma | fume | fumemos | fumade | fumen |
| negative | – | fumes | fume | fumemos | fumedes | fumen |
Related terms
- fume
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from Esperanto fumi, English fume, French fumer, Italian fumare, Spanish fumar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fuˈmar/
Verb
fumar (present fumas, past fumis, future fumos, conditional fumus, imperative fumez)
- (transitive, intransitive) to smoke
- Mea charioto anciena ankore fumis mem pos la repari.
- My old truck was still smoking, even after the repairs.
- Lu prizas fumar dum la dejuno-tempo.
- He/she likes to smoke during the lunch breaks.
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar
 | present | past | future | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | fumar | fumir | fumor | ||||
| tense | fumas | fumis | fumos | ||||
| conditional | fumus | ||||||
| imperative | fumez | ||||||
| adjective active participle | fumanta | fuminta | fumonta | ||||
| adverbial active participle | fumante | fuminte | fumonte | ||||
| nominal active participle | singular | fumanto | fuminto | fumonto | |||
| plural | fumanti | fuminti | fumonti | ||||
| adjective passive participle | fumata | fumita | fumota | ||||
| adverbial passive participle | fumate | fumite | fumote | ||||
| nominal passive participle | singular | fumato | fumito | fumoto | |||
| plural | fumati | fumiti | fumoti | ||||
Derived terms
- drinko-fumeyo (“taproom”)
- fumagar (“to fumigate; to smoke out (someone)”)
- fumagilo (“fumigating apparatus”)
- fumanto (“smoker”)
- fumero (“smoker”)
- fumifanta (“smoky; smoke-producing”)
- fumifar (“to produce smoke”)
- fumizado (“smoke drying”)
- fumizar (“to cover with smoke; to smoke dry”)
- fumizita (“smoked (food)”)
- fumo-fenduro (“smoke fissure”)
- fumo-karbono (“smoking coal, smoky bit of charcoal”)
- fumo-nigro (“lampblack”)
- fumo (“smoke”)
- fumoza (“smoky; smoke-producing”)
- fumuro (“smoke”)
Norwegian Nynorsk
Verb
fumar
- present tense of fuma
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin fūmāre.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /fuˈma(ʁ)/ [fuˈma(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /fuˈma(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /fuˈma(ʁ)/ [fuˈma(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /fuˈma(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /fuˈmaɾ/
Verb
fumar (first-person singular present fumo, first-person singular preterite fumei, past participle fumado)
- (intransitive, transitive) to smoke, to deliberately inhale smoke
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | fumar | |||||
| Personal | fumar | fumares | fumar | fumarmos | fumardes | fumarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| fumando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | fumado | fumados | ||||
| Feminine | fumada | fumadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | fumo | fumas | fuma | fumamos | fumais | fumam |
| Imperfect | fumava | fumavas | fumava | fumávamos | fumáveis | fumavam |
| Preterite | fumei | fumaste | fumou | fumamos1, fumámos2 | fumastes | fumaram |
| Pluperfect | fumara | fumaras | fumara | fumáramos | fumáreis | fumaram |
| Future | fumarei | fumarás | fumará | fumaremos | fumareis | fumarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| fumaria | fumarias | fumaria | fumaríamos | fumaríeis | fumariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | fume | fumes | fume | fumemos | fumeis | fumem |
| Imperfect | fumasse | fumasses | fumasse | fumássemos | fumásseis | fumassem |
| Future | fumar | fumares | fumar | fumarmos | fumardes | fumarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | fuma | fume | fumemos | fumai | fumem | |
| Negative (não) | não fumes | não fume | não fumemos | não fumeis | não fumem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Related terms
- fumo
Romanian
Etymology
fum + -ar, or from Latin fumārium, from fūmus (“smoke”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fuˈmar/
Noun
fumar n (plural fumare)
- chimney
Declension
Declension of fumar
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
| nominative/accusative | (un) fumar | fumarul | (niște) fumare | fumarele |
| genitive/dative | (unui) fumar | fumarului | (unor) fumare | fumarelor |
| vocative | fumarule | fumarelor | ||
Synonyms
- coș, cămin, horn, hogeag
Related terms
- fum
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Italian fumaiolo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fǔmaːr/
- Hyphenation: fu‧mar
Noun
fùmār m (Cyrillic spelling фу̀ма̄р)
- (regional) chimney
Synonyms
- dȋmnjāk
References
- “fumar” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Spanish
Etymology
Probably borrowed from French fumer[1], from Latin fūmāre, present active indicative of fūmō. Doublet of humar, which was inherited.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fuˈmaɾ/ [fuˈmaɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: fu‧mar
Verb
fumar (first-person singular present fumo, first-person singular preterite fumé, past participle fumado)
- to smoke (a cigarette, etc. Not food.)
- Dejar de fumar beneficia la salud.
- Stopping smoking benefits one's health.
Conjugation
Conjugation of fumar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | fumar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | fumando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | fumado | fumada | |||||
| plural | fumados | fumadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | fumo | fumastú fumásvos | fuma | fumamos | fumáis | fuman | |
| imperfect | fumaba | fumabas | fumaba | fumábamos | fumabais | fumaban | |
| preterite | fumé | fumaste | fumó | fumamos | fumasteis | fumaron | |
| future | fumaré | fumarás | fumará | fumaremos | fumaréis | fumarán | |
| conditional | fumaría | fumarías | fumaría | fumaríamos | fumaríais | fumarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | fume | fumestú fumésvos2 | fume | fumemos | fuméis | fumen | |
| imperfect (ra) | fumara | fumaras | fumara | fumáramos | fumarais | fumaran | |
| imperfect (se) | fumase | fumases | fumase | fumásemos | fumaseis | fumasen | |
| future1 | fumare | fumares | fumare | fumáremos | fumareis | fumaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | fumatú fumávos | fume | fumemos | fumad | fumen | ||
| negative | no fumes | no fume | no fumemos | no fuméis | no fumen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of fumar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive fumar | |||||||
| dative | fumarme | fumarte | fumarle, fumarse | fumarnos | fumaros | fumarles, fumarse | |
| accusative | fumarme | fumarte | fumarlo, fumarla, fumarse | fumarnos | fumaros | fumarlos, fumarlas, fumarse | |
| with gerund fumando | |||||||
| dative | fumándome | fumándote | fumándole, fumándose | fumándonos | fumándoos | fumándoles, fumándose | |
| accusative | fumándome | fumándote | fumándolo, fumándola, fumándose | fumándonos | fumándoos | fumándolos, fumándolas, fumándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative fuma | |||||||
| dative | fúmame | fúmate | fúmale | fúmanos | not used | fúmales | |
| accusative | fúmame | fúmate | fúmalo, fúmala | fúmanos | not used | fúmalos, fúmalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative fumá | |||||||
| dative | fumame | fumate | fumale | fumanos | not used | fumales | |
| accusative | fumame | fumate | fumalo, fumala | fumanos | not used | fumalos, fumalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative fume | |||||||
| dative | fúmeme | not used | fúmele, fúmese | fúmenos | not used | fúmeles | |
| accusative | fúmeme | not used | fúmelo, fúmela, fúmese | fúmenos | not used | fúmelos, fúmelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative fumemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | fumémoste | fumémosle | fumémonos | fumémoos | fumémosles | |
| accusative | not used | fumémoste | fumémoslo, fumémosla | fumémonos | fumémoos | fumémoslos, fumémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative fumad | |||||||
| dative | fumadme | not used | fumadle | fumadnos | fumaos | fumadles | |
| accusative | fumadme | not used | fumadlo, fumadla | fumadnos | fumaos | fumadlos, fumadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative fumen | |||||||
| dative | fúmenme | not used | fúmenle | fúmennos | not used | fúmenles, fúmense | |
| accusative | fúmenme | not used | fúmenlo, fúmenla | fúmennos | not used | fúmenlos, fúmenlas, fúmense | |
Derived terms
- fumador
- fumar como chino en quiebra
- fumar como un carretero
- fumarse una clase
- no fumar
- papel de fumar
Related terms
- humo
- humear
- ahumar
- humar
References
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “fumar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014