franchir
French
Etymology
Old French, corresponding to franc + -ir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
franchir
- to clear, to cross (a line), to pass (an obstacle etc.); to get over (a fence)
- Des milliers de camions franchissent la frontière chaque jour.
- Thousands of trucks cross the border every day.
- to cover (a distance)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of franchir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | franchir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | franchissant /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | franchi /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | franchis /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchis /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchit /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchissons /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/ | franchissez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/ | franchissent /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
imperfect | franchissais /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ | franchissais /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ | franchissait /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ | franchissions /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ | franchissiez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ | franchissaient /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | franchis /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchis /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchit /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchîmes /fʁɑ̃.ʃim/ | franchîtes /fʁɑ̃.ʃit/ | franchirent /fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/ | |
future | franchirai /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/ | franchiras /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/ | franchira /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/ | franchirons /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ | franchirez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/ | franchiront /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | franchirais /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ | franchirais /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ | franchirait /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ | franchirions /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁjɔ̃/ | franchiriez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁje/ | franchiraient /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | franchisse /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | franchisses /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | franchisse /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | franchissions /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ | franchissiez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ | franchissent /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
imperfect2 | franchisse /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | franchisses /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | franchît /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | franchissions /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ | franchissiez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ | franchissent /fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | franchis /fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | — | franchissons /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/ | franchissez /fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- franchir le pas
- franchir le Rubicon
- franchissement
Further reading
- “franchir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.