chauvinism

chauvinism

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French chauvinisme (“idealistic devotion to Napoleon”), named for Nicolas Chauvin, a legendary and excessively patriotic soldier of the French First Republic. The figure of Chauvin became especially famous as a character in the play La Cocarde Tricolore by the Cogniard brothers. The surname is from Latin Calvīnus, a Roman cognomen (whence also the surname Calvin and thereby English Calvinism), from the adjective calvus (“bald”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥H- (“bald”)).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈʃəʊ.vɪ.nɪ.zəm/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈʃoʊ.vɪˌnɪzm̩/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈʃəʊ.və.nɪ.zəm/

Noun

chauvinism (countable and uncountable, plural chauvinisms)

1. (derogatory) Excessive patriotism, eagerness for national superiority; jingoism.
2. (derogatory) Unwarranted bias, favoritism, or devotion to one's own particular group, cause, or idea.
   • 1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014), page 312:

     “This is an outrageous example of unconscious racial chauvinism!” Jack said.

   Feminists say that male chauvinism is still prevalent in cultures worldwide.

Synonyms

• jingoism

Derived terms

• carbon chauvinism
• female chauvinism
• male chauvinism

 

Related terms

• chauvinist

Translations

excessive patriotism

Albanian: shovinizëm (sq) m Arabic: شُوفِينِّيَّة‎ f (šufinniyya) Armenian: շովինիզմ (hy) (šovinizm) Azerbaijani: şovinizm Belarusian: шавіні́зм m (šavinízm) Bulgarian: шовини́зъм (bg) m (šovinízǎm) Catalan: xovinisme (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 沙文主義／沙文主义 (zh) (shāwénzhǔyì), 盲目的愛國心／盲目的爱国心 (mángmù de àiguóxīn) Crimean Tatar: şovinizm Czech: šovinismus (cs) m, šovinizmus m Danish: chauvinisme c Dutch: chauvinisme (nl) n Esperanto: ŝovinismo Estonian: marurahvuslus, šovinism (et) Faroese: tjóðskaparreyp n Finnish: kiihkokansallisuus, kansalliskiihko (fi) French: chauvinisme (fr) m Georgian: შოვინიზმი (šovinizmi) German: Chauvinismus (de) m, Hurrapatriotismus (de) m, Hurra-Patriotismus m Greek: σωβινισμός (el) m (sovinismós), υπερεθνικοφροσύνη f (yperethnikofrosýni), υπερεθνικισμός m (yperethnikismós) Hebrew: שׁוֹבִינִיזְם‎ (he) m (shovinizm) Hindi: अंध-देशभक्ति (andh-deśbhakti) Hungarian: sovinizmus (hu), magyarkodás, mélymagyarkodás Indonesian: sauvinisme (id) Italian: sciovinismo (it) m Japanese: ショービニズム (shōbinizumu) Kazakh: шовинизм (şovinizm) Korean: 쇼비니즘 (ko) (syobinijeum) Kyrgyz: шовинизм (ky) (şovinizm) Latvian: šovinisms m Lithuanian: šovinizmas m Macedonian: шовини́зам m (šovinízam) Norwegian: Bokmål: sjåvinisme m Nynorsk: sjåvinisme m Persian: شوونیسم‎ (šouvanism) Polish: szowinizm (pl) m Portuguese: chauvinismo (pt) m Romanian: șovinism (ro) n Russian: шовини́зм (ru) m (šovinízm) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: шовинизам m Roman: šovinizam (sh) m Slovak: šovinizmus m Slovene: šovinizem m Spanish: chovinismo (es) m, patrioterismo (es) m Swedish: chauvinism (sv) c Thai: ลัทธิคลั่งชาติ Turkish: şovenizm (tr) Ukrainian: шовіні́зм m (šovinízm) Uzbek: shovinizm (uz) Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa Sô vanh, chủ nghĩa Sôvanh

unwarranted bias

Arabic: شُوفِينِّيَّة‎ f (šufinniyya) Chinese: Mandarin: 沙文主義／沙文主义 (zh) (shāwénzhǔyì) Czech: šovinismus (cs) m, šovinizmus m Estonian: šovinism (et) Finnish: sovinismi (fi), šovinismi French: chauvinisme (fr) m Georgian: შოვინიზმი (šovinizmi) German: Chauvinismus (de) m Greek: σωβινισμός (el) m (sovinismós) Hebrew: שׁוֹבִינִיזְם‎ (he) m (shovinizm) Hungarian: sovinizmus (hu), elfogultság (hu) Irish: seobhaineachas m Polish: szowinizm (pl) m Portuguese: chauvinismo (pt) m Romanian: șovinism (ro) n Russian: шовини́зм (ru) m (šovinízm) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: шовинизам m Roman: šovinizam (sh) m Spanish: chovinismo (es) m Swedish: chauvinism (sv) c

See also

• bigotry
• Chauvinism in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

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Swedish

Etymology

From French chauvinisme.

Noun

chauvinism c

1. chauvinism

Declension

Declension of chauvinism
	Uncountable
	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	chauvinism	chauvinismen	—	—
Genitive	chauvinisms	chauvinismens	—	—

Related terms

• chauvinist
• chauvinistisk