cervesia
Latin
cervesia
Alternative forms
- cervēsa (Classical Latin)
- cerevēsia, cervī̆sia, cerevī̆sia, cervī̆sa, cerevī̆sa, cervī̆ssa, cerbī̆sia (Medieval Latin)
Etymology
Ultimately borrowed from Proto-Celtic *kurmi (“beer”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kerˈu̯eː.si.a/, [kɛrˈu̯eːs̠iä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃerˈve.si.a/, [t͡ʃerˈvɛːs̬iä]
- Note: the -i- spellings possibly reflect the merger of /i/ and /e:/ with the quality of [e] but with loss of distinctive length. No Romance descendant points to /i:/. Palatalisation of /s/ (indicated by the -sa spellings) compounds the issue, with what seems like a single short -i- standing for a heavy syllable.
Noun
cervēsia f (genitive cervēsiae); first declension
- beer, (especially) of higher quality, made of wheat[1]
- Cēterum cēnseō cervēsiam esse bibendam.
- As for the rest, I am of the opinion that we (or everybody) should have some beer.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | cervēsia | cervēsiae |
| Genitive | cervēsiae | cervēsiārum |
| Dative | cervēsiae | cervēsiīs |
| Accusative | cervēsiam | cervēsiās |
| Ablative | cervēsiā | cervēsiīs |
| Vocative | cervēsia | cervēsiae |
Synonyms
- (beer): caelia, cēlia, cēria (Spain), zȳthum, zȳthus (Egypt), bēra, birra (Medieval Latin)
Derived terms
- cervēsārius
Descendants
- Aragonese: zerbeza
- Galician: cervexa
- Old Occitan: cerveza
- Catalan: cervesa
- Occitan: cervesa
- Portuguese: cerveja
- → Kabuverdianu: serveja
- → Tetum: serveja
- Spanish: cerveza
- Romansch: gervasa (Old Engadine)
- Friulian: cervese
- Old French: cervoise, cerveise
- Middle French: cervoise
- French: cervoise
- → Italian: cervogia
- Middle French: cervoise
- → Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)
References
- “cervēs(i)a” in volume 03, column 943, line 66 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “cervēsia”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 612
- Max Nelson (25 February 2005) The Barbarian's Beverage: A History of Beer in Ancient Europe, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 50–51
Further reading
- “cervesia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- cervesia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- cervesia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “cervesia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cervesia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin