cerebellum
English
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin cerebellum, diminutive of cerebrum.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/
- Rhymes: -ɛləm
Noun
cerebellum (plural cerebellums or cerebella)
- (neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.
- Synonym: parencephalon
- Holonym: hindbrain
- 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan, page 61:
- Although the cerebellum occupies just 10 per cent of the cranial cavity, it has more than half the brain’s neurons.
Derived terms
- archicerebellum
- cerebellar
- cerebellic
- cerebello-, cerebelli-, cerebell-
- cerebellous
- cerebrocerebellum
- decerebellate
- neocerebellum
- paleocerebellum
- spinocerebellum
- vestibulocerebellum
Related terms
- cerebrum
Translations
part of the hindbrain in vertebrates
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References
- “cerebellum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “cerebellum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
Latin
Etymology
From cerebrum (“brain”) + -lum (diminutive ending).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ke.reˈbel.lum/, [kɛrɛˈbɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃe.reˈbel.lum/, [t͡ʃereˈbɛlːum]
Noun
cerebellum n (genitive cerebellī); second declension
- Diminutive of cerebrum:
- (anatomy) a little brain
- the seat of senses, intellect
Inflection
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Genitive | cerebellī | cerebellōrum |
Dative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
Accusative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Ablative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
Vocative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Derived terms
- cerebellāre
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: crier, crieru, criel, crielu
- Megleno-Romanian: criel
- Romanian: creier, creiel
- Dalmatian:
- carviale
- Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: ciarbeddu, ciarbellu, cerbellu
- Italian: cervello
- Sicilian: ciriveddu, cirveddu, cirbeddu
- North Italian:
- Friulian: cerviel, čurviel
- Romansch: tscharvè
- Venetian: serveło, zerveło, çervèl, servèl, zhervèl, sarveło, çarvèl, zharvèl, cèlebro
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: cervel, cervele
- Middle French: cerveau, cervel, cervelle
- French: cerveau, cervelle
- Middle French: cerveau, cervel, cervelle
- Norman: chèrvé
- Walloon: cervea
- Old French: cervel, cervele
- Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: cervell
- Occitan: cervèl
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: cherbeddu, cherveddu; cerveddu, cerbeddu
- Borrowings:
- → Asturian: cerebelu
- → Catalan: cerebel
- → English: cerebellum
- → Galician: cerebelo
- → Greek: τσερβέλο (tservélo)
- → Italian: cerebello ⇒ cerebellare
- → Portuguese: cerebelo
- → Romanian: cerebel
- → Spanish: cerebelo
References
- “cerebellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- cerebellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette