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单词 cause
释义

cause

See also: 'cause and causé

English

Etymology

  • From Middle English cause (also with the sense of “a thing”), borrowed from Old French cause (“a cause, a thing”), from Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), from Proto-Italic *kaussā, which is of unknown origin. See accuse, excuse, recuse, ruse. Displaced native Old English intinga.
  • From Middle English causen, Old French causer and Medieval Latin causāre.

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kôz, IPA(key): /kɔːz/, [kʰoːz̥]
  • (General American) IPA(key): /kɔz/, [kʰɒːz̥]
  • (Canada, cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /ˈkɑz/
  • Audio (GA)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔːz
  • Homophones: caws, 'cause; cores (non-rhotic dialects)

Noun

cause (countable and uncountable, plural causes)

  1. (countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.
    They identified a burst pipe as the cause of the flooding.
    • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene i], page 23, column 1:
      We thanke you both, yet one but flatters vs,
      As well appeareth by the cauſe you come,
      Namely, to appeale each other of high treaſon.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
      He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […] , the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:cause
  2. (uncountable, especially with for and a bare noun) Sufficient reason for a state, as of emotion.
    There is no cause for alarm.
    The end of the war was a cause for celebration.
    Synonyms: grounds, justification
  3. (countable) A goal, aim or principle, especially one which transcends purely selfish ends.
    • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
      God befriend us, as our cause is just.
    • 1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, […], 10th edition, London: […] J. Owen, […], and F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […], OCLC 559505243:
      The part they take against me is from zeal to the cause.
    • 1999, McCain, John, Faith of My Fathers‎, New York: Random House, →ISBN, LCCN 99-13496, OCLC 951357288, page 348:
      There is much to regret about America's failure in Vietnam. The reasons are etched in black marble on the Washington Mall. But we had believed the cause that America had asked us to serve in Vietnam was a worthy one, and millions who defended it had done so honorably.
    • 2008, Karpyshyn, Drew, “Epilogue”, in Mass Effect: Ascension‎, Del Rey Books, →ISBN, OCLC 1128929913, page 341:
      "I thought you were loyal to the cause, Paul."
      “I was,” Grayson answered. “Then I saw the kind of people who share your vision, and I had a change of heart.”
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:goal
  4. (obsolete) Sake; interest; advantage.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Corinthians 7:12:
      I did it not for his cause.
  5. (countable, obsolete) Any subject of discussion or debate; a matter; an affair.
    • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:
      What counsel give you in this weighty cause?
  6. (countable, law) A suit or action in court; any legal process by which a party endeavors to obtain his claim, or what he regards as his right; case; ground of action.

Derived terms

  • because
  • by-cause
  • causal
  • causality
  • causative
  • cause and effect
  • cause celebre
  • causeless
  • cause of action
  • cause of death
  • common cause (rhetoric)
  • efficient cause
  • external cause
  • final cause
  • first cause
  • for cause (law)
  • formal cause
  • good cause
  • hour of cause
  • intervening cause
  • just cause
  • lost cause
  • make common cause
  • material cause
  • order to show cause
  • probable cause
  • proximate cause
  • rebel without a cause
  • root-cause
  • root cause
  • show cause
  • style of cause
  • subcause
  • superseding cause
  • supervening cause
  • with cause
  • without cause

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

  • effect

Verb

cause (third-person singular simple present causes, present participle causing, simple past and past participle caused)

  1. (transitive) To set off an event or action.
    The lightning caused thunder.
    • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 639762314:
      Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes. […] She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.
    • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):
      An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic […] real kidneys […]. But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.
  2. (ditransitive) To actively produce as a result, by means of force or authority.
    His dogged determination caused the fundraising to be successful.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 7:4:
      I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
      And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them. Soft heartedness caused more harm than good.
  3. (obsolete) To assign or show cause; to give a reason; to make excuse.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938:
      He, to shifte their curious request, / Gan causen why she could not come in place.

Derived terms

  • causation
  • cause a stir
  • causer

Translations

Conjunction

cause

  1. Alternative form of 'cause; because

See also

  • cause célèbre

Further reading

  • cause at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • cause in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
  • cause in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

Anagrams

  • -sauce, Eacus, sauce

Asturian

Verb

cause

  1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of causar

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /koz/
  • Homophones: causent, causes
  • audio(file)

Etymology 1

From Old French cause, borrowed from Classical Latin causa. Compare chose, an inherited doublet.

Noun

cause f (plural causes)

  1. cause
    Antonym: conséquence
  2. (law) case (a legal proceeding)
Derived terms
  • à cause de
  • à cause que
  • causal
  • causalité
  • cause perdue
  • cause toujours
  • en connaissance de cause
  • en désespoir de cause
  • en tout état de cause
  • et pour cause
  • faire cause commune
  • gain de cause
  • mettre en cause
  • mettre hors de cause
  • pour cause de
  • prendre fait et cause
  • remettre en cause

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cause

  1. inflection of causer:
    1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

  • “cause”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

  • sauce, sceau

Italian

Noun

cause f pl

  1. plural of causa

Anagrams

  • ucase

Middle English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French cause.

Noun

cause (plural causes)

  1. cause
    • 14th Century, Chaucer, General Prologue
      He knew the cause of everich maladye
      He knew the cause of every illness

Descendants

  • English: cause

Norman

Etymology

From Old French cause, borrowed from Latin causa.

Noun

cause f (plural causes)

  1. (Jersey, law) case

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin causa, whence the inherited chose.

Noun

cause f (oblique plural causes, nominative singular cause, nominative plural causes)

  1. cause
    • 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine), page 142 of this essay:
      On doit avoir plusieurs entencions, car en curant, on doit bien considerer la cause et la nature de la maladie
      One must have several intentions, because in treating, one must consider the cause and the nature of the disease

Descendants

  • Middle English: cause
    • English: cause
  • Middle French: cause
    • French: cause
  • Norman: cause

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈkaw.zi/ [ˈkaʊ̯.zi]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈkaw.ze/ [ˈkaʊ̯.ze]
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈkaw.z(ɨ)/

  • Rhymes: (Brazil) -awzi, (Portugal) -awzɨ
  • Hyphenation: cau‧se

Verb

cause

  1. inflection of causar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkause/ [ˈkau̯.se]
  • Rhymes: -ause
  • Syllabification: cau‧se

Verb

cause

  1. inflection of causar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative
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