cathula
Zulu
Etymology
From the ideophone cathu.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb
-cathúla
- (intransitive) to shuffle, to toddle, to walk slowly
- (intransitive) to do things slowly and long-winded
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukucathula | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukucathula | ukungacathuli | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | cathula | -cathule | |||||||
Plural | cathulani | -cathuleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyacathula, ngicathula | engicathulayo, engicathula | ngicathula | angicathuli | engingacathuli | ngingacathuli | |||
2nd singular | uyacathula, ucathula | ocathulayo, ocathula | ucathula | awucathuli | ongacathuli | ungacathuli | |||
1st plural | siyacathula, sicathula | esicathulayo, esicathula | sicathula | asicathuli | esingacathuli | singacathuli | |||
2nd plural | niyacathula, nicathula | enicathulayo, enicathula | nicathula | anicathuli | eningacathuli | ningacathuli | |||
Class 1 | uyacathula, ucathula | ocathulayo, ocathula | ecathula | akacathuli | ongacathuli | engacathuli | |||
Class 2 | bayacathula, bacathula | abacathulayo, abacathula | becathula | abacathuli | abangacathuli | bengacathuli | |||
Class 3 | uyacathula, ucathula | ocathulayo, ocathula | ucathula | awucathuli | ongacathuli | ungacathuli | |||
Class 4 | iyacathula, icathula | ecathulayo, ecathula | icathula | ayicathuli | engacathuli | ingacathuli | |||
Class 5 | liyacathula, licathula | elicathulayo, elicathula | licathula | alicathuli | elingacathuli | lingacathuli | |||
Class 6 | ayacathula, acathula | acathulayo, acathula | ecathula | awacathuli | angacathuli | engacathuli | |||
Class 7 | siyacathula, sicathula | esicathulayo, esicathula | sicathula | asicathuli | esingacathuli | singacathuli | |||
Class 8 | ziyacathula, zicathula | ezicathulayo, ezicathula | zicathula | azicathuli | ezingacathuli | zingacathuli | |||
Class 9 | iyacathula, icathula | ecathulayo, ecathula | icathula | ayicathuli | engacathuli | ingacathuli | |||
Class 10 | ziyacathula, zicathula | ezicathulayo, ezicathula | zicathula | azicathuli | ezingacathuli | zingacathuli | |||
Class 11 | luyacathula, lucathula | olucathulayo, olucathula | lucathula | alucathuli | olungacathuli | lungacathuli | |||
Class 14 | buyacathula, bucathula | obucathulayo, obucathula | bucathula | abucathuli | obungacathuli | bungacathuli | |||
Class 15 | kuyacathula, kucathula | okucathulayo, okucathula | kucathula | akucathuli | okungacathuli | kungacathuli | |||
Class 17 | kuyacathula, kucathula | okucathulayo, okucathula | kucathula | akucathuli | okungacathuli | kungacathuli | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngicathulile, ngicathulē | engicathulile, engicathulē | ngicathulile, ngicathulē | angicathulanga | engingacathulanga | ngingacathulanga | |||
2nd singular | ucathulile, ucathulē | ocathulile, ocathulē | ucathulile, ucathulē | awucathulanga | ongacathulanga | ungacathulanga | |||
1st plural | sicathulile, sicathulē | esicathulile, esicathulē | sicathulile, sicathulē | asicathulanga | esingacathulanga | singacathulanga | |||
2nd plural | nicathulile, nicathulē | enicathulile, enicathulē | nicathulile, nicathulē | anicathulanga | eningacathulanga | ningacathulanga | |||
Class 1 | ucathulile, ucathulē | ocathulile, ocathulē | ecathulile, ecathulē | akacathulanga | ongacathulanga | engacathulanga | |||
Class 2 | bacathulile, bacathulē | abacathulile, abacathulē | becathulile, becathulē | abacathulanga | abangacathulanga | bengacathulanga | |||
Class 3 | ucathulile, ucathulē | ocathulile, ocathulē | ucathulile, ucathulē | awucathulanga | ongacathulanga | ungacathulanga | |||
Class 4 | icathulile, icathulē | ecathulile, ecathulē | icathulile, icathulē | ayicathulanga | engacathulanga | ingacathulanga | |||
Class 5 | licathulile, licathulē | elicathulile, elicathulē | licathulile, licathulē | alicathulanga | elingacathulanga | lingacathulanga | |||
Class 6 | acathulile, acathulē | acathulile, acathulē | ecathulile, ecathulē | awacathulanga | angacathulanga | engacathulanga | |||
Class 7 | sicathulile, sicathulē | esicathulile, esicathulē | sicathulile, sicathulē | asicathulanga | esingacathulanga | singacathulanga | |||
Class 8 | zicathulile, zicathulē | ezicathulile, ezicathulē | zicathulile, zicathulē | azicathulanga | ezingacathulanga | zingacathulanga | |||
Class 9 | icathulile, icathulē | ecathulile, ecathulē | icathulile, icathulē | ayicathulanga | engacathulanga | ingacathulanga | |||
Class 10 | zicathulile, zicathulē | ezicathulile, ezicathulē | zicathulile, zicathulē | azicathulanga | ezingacathulanga | zingacathulanga | |||
Class 11 | lucathulile, lucathulē | olucathulile, olucathulē | lucathulile, lucathulē | alucathulanga | olungacathulanga | lungacathulanga | |||
Class 14 | bucathulile, bucathulē | obucathulile, obucathulē | bucathulile, bucathulē | abucathulanga | obungacathulanga | bungacathulanga | |||
Class 15 | kucathulile, kucathulē | okucathulile, okucathulē | kucathulile, kucathulē | akucathulanga | okungacathulanga | kungacathulanga | |||
Class 17 | kucathulile, kucathulē | okucathulile, okucathulē | kucathulile, kucathulē | akucathulanga | okungacathulanga | kungacathulanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngācathula | engācathula | ngācathula | angicathulanga | engingacathulanga | ngingacathulanga | |||
2nd singular | wācathula | owācathula | wācathula | awucathulanga | ongacathulanga | ungacathulanga | |||
1st plural | sācathula | esācathula | sācathula | asicathulanga | esingacathulanga | singacathulanga | |||
2nd plural | nācathula | enācathula | nācathula | anicathulanga | eningacathulanga | ningacathulanga | |||
Class 1 | wācathula | owācathula | ācathula | akacathulanga | ongacathulanga | engacathulanga | |||
Class 2 | bācathula | abācathula | bācathula | abacathulanga | abangacathulanga | bengacathulanga | |||
Class 3 | wācathula | owācathula | wācathula | awucathulanga | ongacathulanga | ungacathulanga | |||
Class 4 | yācathula | eyācathula | yācathula | ayicathulanga | engacathulanga | ingacathulanga | |||
Class 5 | lācathula | elācathula | lācathula | alicathulanga | elingacathulanga | lingacathulanga | |||
Class 6 | ācathula | ācathula | ācathula | awacathulanga | angacathulanga | engacathulanga | |||
Class 7 | sācathula | esācathula | sācathula | asicathulanga | esingacathulanga | singacathulanga | |||
Class 8 | zācathula | ezācathula | zācathula | azicathulanga | ezingacathulanga | zingacathulanga | |||
Class 9 | yācathula | eyācathula | yācathula | ayicathulanga | engacathulanga | ingacathulanga | |||
Class 10 | zācathula | ezācathula | zācathula | azicathulanga | ezingacathulanga | zingacathulanga | |||
Class 11 | lwācathula | olwācathula | lwācathula | alucathulanga | olungacathulanga | lungacathulanga | |||
Class 14 | bācathula | obācathula | bācathula | abucathulanga | obungacathulanga | bungacathulanga | |||
Class 15 | kwācathula | okwācathula | kwācathula | akucathulanga | okungacathulanga | kungacathulanga | |||
Class 17 | kwācathula | okwācathula | kwācathula | akucathulanga | okungacathulanga | kungacathulanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingacathula | — | ngingacathula | ngingecathule | — | ngingecathule | |||
2nd singular | ungacathula | — | ungacathula | ungecathule | — | ungecathule | |||
1st plural | singacathula | — | singacathula | singecathule | — | singecathule | |||
2nd plural | ningacathula | — | ningacathula | ningecathule | — | ningecathule | |||
Class 1 | angacathula | — | engacathula | angecathule | — | engecathule | |||
Class 2 | bangacathula | — | bengacathula | bangecathule | — | bengecathule | |||
Class 3 | ungacathula | — | ungacathula | ungecathule | — | ungecathule | |||
Class 4 | ingacathula | — | ingacathula | ingecathule | — | ingecathule | |||
Class 5 | lingacathula | — | lingacathula | lingecathule | — | lingecathule | |||
Class 6 | angacathula | — | engacathula | angecathule | — | engecathule | |||
Class 7 | singacathula | — | singacathula | singecathule | — | singecathule | |||
Class 8 | zingacathula | — | zingacathula | zingecathule | — | zingecathule | |||
Class 9 | ingacathula | — | ingacathula | ingecathule | — | ingecathule | |||
Class 10 | zingacathula | — | zingacathula | zingecathule | — | zingecathule | |||
Class 11 | lungacathula | — | lungacathula | lungecathule | — | lungecathule | |||
Class 14 | bungacathula | — | bungacathula | bungecathule | — | bungecathule | |||
Class 15 | kungacathula | — | kungacathula | kungecathule | — | kungecathule | |||
Class 17 | kungacathula | — | kungacathula | kungecathule | — | kungecathule | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizocathula | engizocathula | ngizocathula | angizucathula | engingezucathula | ngingezucathula | |||
2nd singular | uzocathula | ozocathula | uzocathula | awuzucathula | ongezucathula | ungezucathula | |||
1st plural | sizocathula | esizocathula | sizocathula | asizucathula | esingezucathula | singezucathula | |||
2nd plural | nizocathula | enizocathula | nizocathula | anizucathula | eningezucathula | ningezucathula | |||
Class 1 | uzocathula | ozocathula | ezocathula | akazucathula | ongezucathula | engezucathula | |||
Class 2 | bazocathula | abazocathula | bezocathula | abazucathula | abangezucathula | bengezucathula | |||
Class 3 | uzocathula | ozocathula | uzocathula | awuzucathula | ongezucathula | ungezucathula | |||
Class 4 | izocathula | ezocathula | izocathula | ayizucathula | engezucathula | ingezucathula | |||
Class 5 | lizocathula | elizocathula | lizocathula | alizucathula | elingezucathula | lingezucathula | |||
Class 6 | azocathula | azocathula | ezocathula | awazucathula | angezucathula | engezucathula | |||
Class 7 | sizocathula | esizocathula | sizocathula | asizucathula | esingezucathula | singezucathula | |||
Class 8 | zizocathula | ezizocathula | zizocathula | azizucathula | ezingezucathula | zingezucathula | |||
Class 9 | izocathula | ezocathula | izocathula | ayizucathula | engezucathula | ingezucathula | |||
Class 10 | zizocathula | ezizocathula | zizocathula | azizucathula | ezingezucathula | zingezucathula | |||
Class 11 | luzocathula | oluzocathula | luzocathula | aluzucathula | olungezucathula | lungezucathula | |||
Class 14 | buzocathula | obuzocathula | buzocathula | abuzucathula | obungezucathula | bungezucathula | |||
Class 15 | kuzocathula | okuzocathula | kuzocathula | akuzucathula | okungezucathula | kungezucathula | |||
Class 17 | kuzocathula | okuzocathula | kuzocathula | akuzucathula | okungezucathula | kungezucathula | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyocathula | engiyocathula | ngiyocathula | angiyucathula | engingeyucathula | ngingeyucathula | |||
2nd singular | uyocathula | oyocathula | uyocathula | awuyucathula | ongeyucathula | ungeyucathula | |||
1st plural | siyocathula | esiyocathula | siyocathula | asiyucathula | esingeyucathula | singeyucathula | |||
2nd plural | niyocathula | eniyocathula | niyocathula | aniyucathula | eningeyucathula | ningeyucathula | |||
Class 1 | uyocathula | oyocathula | eyocathula | akayucathula | ongeyucathula | engeyucathula | |||
Class 2 | bayocathula | abayocathula | beyocathula | abayucathula | abangeyucathula | bengeyucathula | |||
Class 3 | uyocathula | oyocathula | uyocathula | awuyucathula | ongeyucathula | ungeyucathula | |||
Class 4 | iyocathula | eyocathula | iyocathula | ayiyucathula | engeyucathula | ingeyucathula | |||
Class 5 | liyocathula | eliyocathula | liyocathula | aliyucathula | elingeyucathula | lingeyucathula | |||
Class 6 | ayocathula | ayocathula | eyocathula | awayucathula | angeyucathula | engeyucathula | |||
Class 7 | siyocathula | esiyocathula | siyocathula | asiyucathula | esingeyucathula | singeyucathula | |||
Class 8 | ziyocathula | eziyocathula | ziyocathula | aziyucathula | ezingeyucathula | zingeyucathula | |||
Class 9 | iyocathula | eyocathula | iyocathula | ayiyucathula | engeyucathula | ingeyucathula | |||
Class 10 | ziyocathula | eziyocathula | ziyocathula | aziyucathula | ezingeyucathula | zingeyucathula | |||
Class 11 | luyocathula | oluyocathula | luyocathula | aluyucathula | olungeyucathula | lungeyucathula | |||
Class 14 | buyocathula | obuyocathula | buyocathula | abuyucathula | obungeyucathula | bungeyucathula | |||
Class 15 | kuyocathula | okuyocathula | kuyocathula | akuyucathula | okungeyucathula | kungeyucathula | |||
Class 17 | kuyocathula | okuyocathula | kuyocathula | akuyucathula | okungeyucathula | kungeyucathula | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngicathule | ngingacathuli | |||||||
2nd singular | ucathule | ungacathuli | |||||||
1st plural | sicathule | singacathuli | |||||||
2nd plural | nicathule | ningacathuli | |||||||
Class 1 | acathule | angacathuli | |||||||
Class 2 | bacathule | bangacathuli | |||||||
Class 3 | ucathule | ungacathuli | |||||||
Class 4 | icathule | ingacathuli | |||||||
Class 5 | licathule | lingacathuli | |||||||
Class 6 | acathule | angacathuli | |||||||
Class 7 | sicathule | singacathuli | |||||||
Class 8 | zicathule | zingacathuli | |||||||
Class 9 | icathule | ingacathuli | |||||||
Class 10 | zicathule | zingacathuli | |||||||
Class 11 | lucathule | lungacathuli | |||||||
Class 14 | bucathule | bungacathuli | |||||||
Class 15 | kucathule | kungacathuli | |||||||
Class 17 | kucathule | kungacathuli | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngacathula | ngangacathula, angacathula, angangacathula | |||||||
2nd singular | wacathula | wangacathula, awacathula, awangacathula | |||||||
1st plural | sacathula | sangacathula, asacathula, asangacathula | |||||||
2nd plural | nacathula | nangacathula, anacathula, anangacathula | |||||||
Class 1 | wacathula | wangacathula, akacathula, akangacathula | |||||||
Class 2 | bacathula | bangacathula, abacathula, abangacathula | |||||||
Class 3 | wacathula | wangacathula, awacathula, awangacathula | |||||||
Class 4 | yacathula | yangacathula, ayacathula, ayangacathula | |||||||
Class 5 | lacathula | langacathula, alacathula, alangacathula | |||||||
Class 6 | acathula | angacathula, awacathula, awangacathula | |||||||
Class 7 | sacathula | sangacathula, asacathula, asangacathula | |||||||
Class 8 | zacathula | zangacathula, azacathula, azangacathula | |||||||
Class 9 | yacathula | yangacathula, ayacathula, ayangacathula | |||||||
Class 10 | zacathula | zangacathula, azacathula, azangacathula | |||||||
Class 11 | lwacathula | lwangacathula, alwacathula, alwangacathula | |||||||
Class 14 | bacathula | bangacathula, abacathula, abangacathula | |||||||
Class 15 | kwacathula | kwangacathula, akwacathula, akwangacathula | |||||||
Class 17 | kwacathula | kwangacathula, akwacathula, akwangacathula |
Derived terms
- isicathulo
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “cathula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “cathula (3.2.9)”