castigar
Asturian
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).
Verb
castigar (first-person singular indicative present castigo, past participle castigáu)
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar
| infinitive | castigar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | castigando | ||||||
| past participle | m castigáu, f castigada, n castigao, m pl castigaos, f pl castigaes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | castigo | castigues | castiga | castigamos | castigáis | castiguen |
| imperfect | castigaba | castigabes | castigaba | castigábemos, castigábamos | castigabeis, castigabais | castigaben | |
| preterite | castigué | castigasti, castiguesti | castigó | castiguemos | castigastis, castiguestis | castigaron | |
| pluperfect | castigare, castigara | castigares, castigaras | castigare, castigara | castigáremos, castigáramos | castigareis, castigarais | castigaren, castigaran | |
| future | castigaré | castigarás | castigará | castigaremos | castigaréis | castigarán | |
| conditional | castigaría | castigaríes | castigaría | castigaríemos, castigaríamos | castigaríeis, castigaríais | castigaríen | |
| subjunctive | present | castigue | castigues, castigas | castigue | castiguemos | castiguéis | castiguen, castigan |
| imperfect | castigare, castigara | castigares, castigaras | castigare, castigara | castigáremos, castigáramos | castigareis, castigarais | castigaren, castigaran | |
| imperative | — | castiga | — | — | castigái | — | |
Related terms
- castigu
- castu
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /kəs.tiˈɡa/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /kas.tiˈɡaɾ/
Verb
castigar (first-person singular present castigo, past participle castigat)
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
- (figurative) to punish, to work hard, to strain, to afflict
- 2013 September 11, Ernest Alós, “Competir en català”, in El Periódico de Catalunya:
- A l'hora de definir el sector del llibre en català hi ha un factor (a més del llibre infantil i juvenil, amb uns resultats superiors als de ficció i no-ficció per a adults, i el de text, castigat pel reciclatge de llibres) que solen oblidar-se i que ajuda a explicar per què els editors en llengua catalana pateixen mentre la quota de mercat creix.
- When it comes time to define the book sector in Catalan, there is one factor (aside from young adult and childrens books, with superior results to those of adult fiction and non-fiction, and that of the text, strained by the reuse of books) which is usually forgotten and which helps to explain why Catalan-language publishers suffer while market share grows.
-
- to correct (text)
Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | castigar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | castigant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | castigat | castigada | |||||
| plural | castigats | castigades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | castigo | castigues | castiga | castiguem | castigueu | castiguen | |
| imperfect | castigava | castigaves | castigava | castigàvem | castigàveu | castigaven | |
| future | castigaré | castigaràs | castigarà | castigarem | castigareu | castigaran | |
| preterite | castiguí | castigares | castigà | castigàrem | castigàreu | castigaren | |
| conditional | castigaria | castigaries | castigaria | castigaríem | castigaríeu | castigarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | castigui | castiguis | castigui | castiguem | castigueu | castiguin | |
| imperfect | castigués | castiguessis | castigués | castiguéssim | castiguéssiu | castiguessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | castiga | castigui | castiguem | castigueu | castiguin | ||
Synonyms
- (punish): punir
Derived terms
- càstig
Related terms
- cast
Further reading
- “castigar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “castigar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kastiˈɣaɾ]
Verb
castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)
- (transitive) to punish, to correct, to chastise, to castigate
- Antonym: premiar
Conjugation
- Note: castig- are changed to castigu- before front vowels (e).
Conjugation of castigar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | castigar | |||||
| personal | castigar | castigares | castigar | castigarmos | castigardes | castigaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| castigando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | castigado | castigados | ||||
| feminine | castigada | castigadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | castigo | castigas | castiga | castigamos | castigades | castigan |
| imperfect | castigaba | castigabas | castigaba | castigabamos | castigabades | castigaban |
| preterite | castiguei | castigaches | castigou | castigamos | castigastes | castigaron |
| pluperfect | castigara | castigaras | castigara | castigaramos | castigarades | castigaran |
| future | castigarei | castigarás | castigará | castigaremos | castigaredes | castigarán |
| conditional | castigaría | castigarías | castigaría | castigariamos | castigariades | castigarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castiguemos | castiguedes | castiguen |
| preterite | castigase | castigases | castigase | castigásemos | castigásedes | castigasen |
| future | castigar | castigares | castigar | castigarmos | castigardes | castigaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | castiga | castigue | castiguemos | castigade | castiguen |
| negative | – | castigues | castigue | castiguemos | castiguedes | castiguen |
Derived terms
- castigo
References
- “castigar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “castigar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “castigar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “castigar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “castigar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).
Pronunciation
Audio (Béarn) (file)
Verb
castigar
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
Conjugation
Lengadocian (Central Occitan)| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | castigar | aver castigat | |||||
| gerund | castigant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | castigat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | castigui | castigas | castiga | castigam | castigatz | castigan | |
| imperfect | castigavi | castigavas | castigava | castigàvem | castigàvetz | castigavan | |
| preterite | castiguèri | castiguères | castiguèt | castiguèrem | castiguèretz | castiguèron | |
| future | castigarai | castigaràs | castigarà | castigarem | castigaretz | castigaràn | |
| conditional | castigariái | castigariás | castigariá | castigariam | castigariatz | castigarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | castiguèra | castiguèras | castiguèra | castigueram | castigueratz | castiguèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castiguem | castiguetz | castiguen | |
| imperfect | castiguèssi | castiguèsses | castiguèsse | castiguèssem | castiguèssetz | castiguèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| castiga | castiguem | castigatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Auvernhàs| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | castigar | aver castigat | |||||
| gerund | castigant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | castigat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castiga | castigam | castigatz | castigon | |
| imperfect | castigave | castigaves | castigava | castigaviam | castigaviatz | castigavon | |
| preterite | castiguere | castigueres | castiguet | castiguem | castiguetz | castigueron | |
| future | castigarai | castigaràs | castigará | castigarem | castigaretz | castigarán | |
| conditional | castigariá | castigariás | castigariá | castigariam | castigariatz | castigarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | castiguèra | castiguèras | castiguèra | castigueram | castigueratz | castiguèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castigassiam | castigassiatz | castigon | |
| imperfect | castiguesse | castiguesses | castiguesse | castiguessiam | castiguessiatz | castiguesson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| castiga | castigassiam | castigatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Gascon| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | castigar | aver castigat | |||||
| gerund | castigant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | castigat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | castigui | castigas | castiga | castigam | castigatz | castigan | |
| imperfect | castigavi | castigavas | castigava | castigàvam | castigàvatz | castigavan | |
| preterite | castiguèi | castiguès | castiguè | castiguèm | castiguètz | castiguèn | |
| future | castigarèi | castigaràs | castigarà | castigaram | castigaratz | castigaràn | |
| conditional | castigarí | castigarés | castigaré | castigarem | castigaretz | castigarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | castiguèra | castiguèras | castiguèra | castigueram | castigueratz | castiguèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | castigui | castigues | castigue | castiguem | castiguetz | castiguen | |
| imperfect | castiguèssi | castiguèsses | castiguèsse | castiguèssem | castiguèssetz | castiguèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| castiga | castiguem | castigatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Lemosin| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | castigar | aver castigat | |||||
| gerund | castigant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | castigat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | castigue | castigas | castiga | castigam | castigatz | castigan | |
| imperfect | castigava | castigavas | castigava | castigàvam | castigàvatz | castigavan | |
| preterite | castiguei | castigueras | castiguet | castiguèram | castiguèratz | castigueran | |
| future | castigarai | castigaràs | castigará | castigarem | castigaretz | castigarán | |
| conditional | castigariá | castigariàs | castigariá | castigariam | castigariatz | castigarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | castiguèra | castiguèras | castiguèra | castigueram | castigueratz | castiguèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castiguem | castiguetz | castiguen | |
| imperfect | castiguèsse | castiguèsses | castiguèsse | castiguèssem | castiguèssetz | castiguèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| castiga | castiguem | castigatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Provençau| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | castigar | aver castigat | |||||
| gerund | castigant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | castigat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castiga | castigam | castigatz | castigan | |
| imperfect | castigavi | castigavas | castigava | castigàvem | castigàvetz | castigavan | |
| preterite | castiguère | castiguères | castiguèt | castigueriam | castigueriatz | castiguèron | |
| future | castigarai | castigaràs | castigarà | castigarem | castigaretz | castigaràn | |
| conditional | castigariáu | castigariás | castigariá | castigariam | castigariatz | castigarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | castiguèra | castiguèras | castiguèra | castigueram | castigueratz | castiguèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castiguem | castiguetz | castigan | |
| imperfect | castiguèsse | castiguèsses | castiguèsse | castiguessiam | castiguessiatz | castiguèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| castiga | castiguem | castigatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Synonyms
- punir
Related terms
- castig
- cast
Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Old Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, to reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ʁ)/ [kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /kaʃ.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ʁ)/ [kaʃ.t͡ʃiˈɡa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /kɐʃ.tiˈɡaɾ/ [kɐʃ.tiˈɣaɾ]
Verb
castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
- Synonym: punir
Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | castigar | |||||
| Personal | castigar | castigares | castigar | castigarmos | castigardes | castigarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| castigando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | castigado | castigados | ||||
| Feminine | castigada | castigadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | castigo | castigas | castiga | castigamos | castigais | castigam |
| Imperfect | castigava | castigavas | castigava | castigávamos | castigáveis | castigavam |
| Preterite | castiguei | castigaste | castigou | castigamos1, castigámos2 | castigastes | castigaram |
| Pluperfect | castigara | castigaras | castigara | castigáramos | castigáreis | castigaram |
| Future | castigarei | castigarás | castigará | castigaremos | castigareis | castigarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| castigaria | castigarias | castigaria | castigaríamos | castigaríeis | castigariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | castigue | castigues | castigue | castiguemos | castigueis | castiguem |
| Imperfect | castigasse | castigasses | castigasse | castigássemos | castigásseis | castigassem |
| Future | castigar | castigares | castigar | castigarmos | castigardes | castigarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | castiga | castigue | castiguemos | castigai | castiguem | |
| Negative (não) | não castigues | não castigue | não castiguemos | não castigueis | não castiguem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Derived terms
- castigo
Related terms
- casto
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“to chastise, reprimand”)[1].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kastiˈɡaɾ/ [kas.t̪iˈɣ̞aɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: cas‧ti‧gar
Verb
castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castigué, past participle castigado)
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
- Synonym: punir
- to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)
- Antonym: descastigar
Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | castigar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | castigando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | castigado | castigada | |||||
| plural | castigados | castigadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | castigo | castigastú castigásvos | castiga | castigamos | castigáis | castigan | |
| imperfect | castigaba | castigabas | castigaba | castigábamos | castigabais | castigaban | |
| preterite | castigué | castigaste | castigó | castigamos | castigasteis | castigaron | |
| future | castigaré | castigarás | castigará | castigaremos | castigaréis | castigarán | |
| conditional | castigaría | castigarías | castigaría | castigaríamos | castigaríais | castigarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | castigue | castiguestú castiguésvos2 | castigue | castiguemos | castiguéis | castiguen | |
| imperfect (ra) | castigara | castigaras | castigara | castigáramos | castigarais | castigaran | |
| imperfect (se) | castigase | castigases | castigase | castigásemos | castigaseis | castigasen | |
| future1 | castigare | castigares | castigare | castigáremos | castigareis | castigaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | castigatú castigávos | castigue | castiguemos | castigad | castiguen | ||
| negative | no castigues | no castigue | no castiguemos | no castiguéis | no castiguen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of castigar (g-gu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive castigar | |||||||
| dative | castigarme | castigarte | castigarle, castigarse | castigarnos | castigaros | castigarles, castigarse | |
| accusative | castigarme | castigarte | castigarlo, castigarla, castigarse | castigarnos | castigaros | castigarlos, castigarlas, castigarse | |
| with gerund castigando | |||||||
| dative | castigándome | castigándote | castigándole, castigándose | castigándonos | castigándoos | castigándoles, castigándose | |
| accusative | castigándome | castigándote | castigándolo, castigándola, castigándose | castigándonos | castigándoos | castigándolos, castigándolas, castigándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative castiga | |||||||
| dative | castígame | castígate | castígale | castíganos | not used | castígales | |
| accusative | castígame | castígate | castígalo, castígala | castíganos | not used | castígalos, castígalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative castigá | |||||||
| dative | castigame | castigate | castigale | castiganos | not used | castigales | |
| accusative | castigame | castigate | castigalo, castigala | castiganos | not used | castigalos, castigalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative castigue | |||||||
| dative | castígueme | not used | castíguele, castíguese | castíguenos | not used | castígueles | |
| accusative | castígueme | not used | castíguelo, castíguela, castíguese | castíguenos | not used | castíguelos, castíguelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative castiguemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | castiguémoste | castiguémosle | castiguémonos | castiguémoos | castiguémosles | |
| accusative | not used | castiguémoste | castiguémoslo, castiguémosla | castiguémonos | castiguémoos | castiguémoslos, castiguémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative castigad | |||||||
| dative | castigadme | not used | castigadle | castigadnos | castigaos | castigadles | |
| accusative | castigadme | not used | castigadlo, castigadla | castigadnos | castigaos | castigadlos, castigadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative castiguen | |||||||
| dative | castíguenme | not used | castíguenle | castíguennos | not used | castíguenles, castíguense | |
| accusative | castíguenme | not used | castíguenlo, castíguenla | castíguennos | not used | castíguenlos, castíguenlas, castíguense | |
Related terms
- castigo
- casto
References
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “castigar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014