carpir
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese carpir, from Latin carpere (“to tear off”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kaɾˈpiɾ/
Verb
carpir (first-person singular present carpo, first-person singular preterite carpín, past participle carpido)
- (dated, textiles) to fluff up
- (dated, textiles) to card
- Synonyms: carmear, carpear
- to tear off the hair
- to weep, to cry, to bewail
- to mourn
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
impersonal | carpir | |||||
personal | carpir | carpires | carpir | carpirmos | carpirdes | carpiren |
Gerund | ||||||
carpindo | ||||||
Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | carpido | carpidos | ||||
feminine | carpida | carpidas | ||||
Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | carpo | carpes | carpe | carpimos | carpides | carpen |
imperfect | carpía | carpías | carpía | carpiamos | carpiades | carpían |
preterite | carpín | carpiches | carpiu | carpimos | carpistes | carpiron |
pluperfect | carpira | carpiras | carpira | carpiramos | carpirades | carpiran |
future | carpirei | carpirás | carpirá | carpiremos | carpiredes | carpirán |
conditional | carpiría | carpirías | carpiría | carpiriamos | carpiriades | carpirían |
Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | carpa | carpas | carpa | carpamos | carpades | carpan |
preterite | carpise | carpises | carpise | carpísemos | carpísedes | carpisen |
future | carpir | carpires | carpir | carpirmos | carpirdes | carpiren |
Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
affirmative | – | carpe | carpa | carpamos | carpide | carpan |
negative | – | carpas | carpa | carpamos | carpades | carpan |
Derived terms
- carpear
- carpideiro
- carpidor
- carpiña
- escarpear
- escarpidor
- escarpizar
- escarpullar
References
- “carpir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “carpi” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “carpir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “carpir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese carpir, from Latin carpere (“to tear off”), from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to pluck, harvest”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /kaʁˈpi(ʁ)/ [kahˈpi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /kaɾˈpi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /kaʁˈpi(ʁ)/ [kaχˈpi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /kaɻˈpi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /kɐɾˈpiɾ/
- Hyphenation: car‧pir
Verb
carpir (no first-person singular present, no present subjunctive, third-person singular present carpe, first-person singular preterite carpi, past participle carpido)
- to mourn
- to weep
- to weed (to remove unwanted vegetation from a cultivated area)
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | carpir | |||||
Personal | carpir | carpires | carpir | carpirmos | carpirdes | carpirem |
Gerund | ||||||
carpindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | carpido | carpidos | ||||
Feminine | carpida | carpidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | — | carpes | carpe | carpimos | carpis | carpem |
Imperfect | carpia | carpias | carpia | carpíamos | carpíeis | carpiam |
Preterite | carpi | carpiste | carpiu | carpimos | carpistes | carpiram |
Pluperfect | carpira | carpiras | carpira | carpíramos | carpíreis | carpiram |
Future | carpirei | carpirás | carpirá | carpiremos | carpireis | carpirão |
Conditional | ||||||
carpiria | carpirias | carpiria | carpiríamos | carpiríeis | carpiriam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Imperfect | carpisse | carpisses | carpisse | carpíssemos | carpísseis | carpissem |
Future | carpir | carpires | carpir | carpirmos | carpirdes | carpirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | carpe | — | — | carpi | — | |
Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — |
Synonyms
- (mourn, weep): chorar, lamentar
Derived terms
- carpideira
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin carpere, present active infinitive of carpō.
Verb
carpir (first-person singular present carpo, first-person singular preterite carpí, past participle carpido)
- to weed; to hoe
Conjugation
infinitive | carpir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | carpiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | carpido | carpida | |||||
plural | carpidos | carpidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | carpo | carpestú carpísvos | carpe | carpimos | carpís | carpen | |
imperfect | carpía | carpías | carpía | carpíamos | carpíais | carpían | |
preterite | carpí | carpiste | carpió | carpimos | carpisteis | carpieron | |
future | carpiré | carpirás | carpirá | carpiremos | carpiréis | carpirán | |
conditional | carpiría | carpirías | carpiría | carpiríamos | carpiríais | carpirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | carpa | carpastú carpásvos2 | carpa | carpamos | carpáis | carpan | |
imperfect (ra) | carpiera | carpieras | carpiera | carpiéramos | carpierais | carpieran | |
imperfect (se) | carpiese | carpieses | carpiese | carpiésemos | carpieseis | carpiesen | |
future1 | carpiere | carpieres | carpiere | carpiéremos | carpiereis | carpieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | carpetú carpívos | carpa | carpamos | carpid | carpan | ||
negative | no carpas | no carpa | no carpamos | no carpáis | no carpan |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Further reading
- “carpir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014