cardo
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin cardō (“hinge”). Doublet of kern.
Noun
cardo (plural cardines)
- (zoology) The basal joint of the maxilla in insects
- (zoology) The hinge of a bivalve shell.
- (History) A street that ran north-south, in an Ancient Roman town or city
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for cardo in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
Anagrams
- Acord, C-Road, Draco
Galician
![](Images/wiktionary/Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg.webp)
Alternative forms
- cardio
Etymology
Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese, from Latin carduus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaɾðo̝/
Noun
cardo m (plural cardos)
- thistle
- c1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 7:
- mays a terra mays lle criaua cardos et espyñas et outras eruas et cousas danosas que o estoruauam que [nõ] o que el semẽtaua
- but the earth did not produce but thistles and thorns and other plants and weeds that would rather hinder him than that that he sowed
- mays a terra mays lle criaua cardos et espyñas et outras eruas et cousas danosas que o estoruauam que [nõ] o que el semẽtaua
- c1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 7:
Derived terms
- Cardal
- Cardedo
- cardo bravo
- cardo leiteiro
- cardo marítimo
- cardo molar
- cardo santo
- cardo veliño
- Cardosa
- Cardoso
References
- “cardo” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “cardo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “cardo” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “cardo” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkar.do/
- Rhymes: -ardo
- Hyphenation: càr‧do
Etymology 1
From Latin carduus (“thistle”).
Noun
cardo m (plural cardi)
- thistle
- teasel
- implement for carding wool with thistle-like bristles, card
- Synonym: scardasso
Derived terms
- cardeto
- cardone
Verb
cardo
- first-person singular present indicative of cardare
Etymology 2
From Latin cardō (“hinge, astronomical pole”), hence, north-south line.
Noun
cardo m (plural cardi)
- the principal north-south street in Roman cities or encampments
Anagrams
- cadrò, corda, croda, draco
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkar.doː/, [ˈkärd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkar.do/, [ˈkärd̪o]
Etymology 1
Uncertain. Traditionally related to Ancient Greek κράδη (krádē, “twig, spray; swing, crane in the drama”), but unlikely as the concordant sense of swing is metaphorical and likely too recent. Or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”) and so cognate with English har (“hinge”). Compare in any case Old High German scerdo (“hinge”).
Noun
cardō m (genitive cardinis); third declension
- hinge (of a door or gate), usually a pivot and socket in Roman times.
- (by extension) a tenon, mortice, or socket
- A street, that ran north-south, in a Roman town or military camp
- (figuratively) turning point, critical moment or action
- (figuratively) the symbolism of the hinge in ancient Roman religion and myth
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.101-102:
- Prīma diēs tibi, Carnā, datur. dea cardinis haec est:
nūmine clausa aperit, claudit aperta suō.- The first day [of June] is being given to you, Carna. This is the goddess of the hinge: by her divine power she opens the closed, [and] closes the opened.
(Ovid conflates the June festival of the goddess Carna with the mythology of Cardea; see also Janus and Hinge.)
- The first day [of June] is being given to you, Carna. This is the goddess of the hinge: by her divine power she opens the closed, [and] closes the opened.
- Prīma diēs tibi, Carnā, datur. dea cardinis haec est:
- (astronomy) a pole
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cardō | cardinēs |
Genitive | cardinis | cardinum |
Dative | cardinī | cardinibus |
Accusative | cardinem | cardinēs |
Ablative | cardine | cardinibus |
Vocative | cardō | cardinēs |
Derived terms
- Cardea
- cardinālis
- cardinātus
- cardineus
- cardo maximus
Descendants
- French: carne, charnière
- Italian: cardine, cardo
- Spanish: cárdine
- English: cardinal
See also
- decumanus (“east-west street”)
Etymology 2
Variant form of carduus (“wild thistle, artichoke”); see also cardus, cardunculus.
Noun
cardō m (genitive cardōnis or cardinis); third declension
- (Medieval Latin) thistle or some similar plant
Declension
Third-declension noun (two different stems).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cardō | cardinēs cardōnēs |
Genitive | cardinis cardōnis | cardinum cardōnum |
Dative | cardinī cardōnī | cardinibus cardōnibus |
Accusative | cardinem cardōnem | cardinēs cardōnēs |
Ablative | cardine cardōne | cardinibus cardōnibus |
Vocative | cardō | cardinēs cardōnēs |
Descendants
- Old French:
- French: chardon
- Old Occitan: cardon
- → Italian: cardone
- → Middle French: cardon
- French: cardon
- → English: cardoon
- Sicilian: carduni
References
- “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cardo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cardo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
- the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
- “cardo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cardo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin carduus.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈkaʁ.du/ [ˈkaɦ.du]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈkaɾ.du/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈkaʁ.du/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈkaɻ.do/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈkaɾ.du/ [ˈkaɾ.ðu]
Noun
cardo m (plural cardos)
- thistle (plant)
Related terms
- cárdeo
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaɾdo/ [ˈkaɾ.ð̞o]
Audio (Spain) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾdo
- Syllabification: car‧do
Etymology 1
From Latin carduus.
Noun
cardo m (plural cardos)
- thistle
- cardoon (plant)
- (Spain) prickly customer
- (Spain) butt ugly person
Derived terms
- cardo azul
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
cardo
- first-person singular present indicative of cardar
Further reading
- “cardo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014