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单词 can
释义

can

See also: Appendix:Variations of "can"

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English can, first and third person singular of connen, cunnen (“to be able, know how”), from Old English can(n), first and third person singular of cunnan (“to know how”), from Proto-West Germanic *kunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (whence also know). Doublet of con. See also: canny, cunning.

Alternative forms

  • canne (obsolete)
  • kin (pronunciation spelling)

Pronunciation

  • (stressed)
    • enPR: kăn
    • (Received Pronunciation, Ireland) IPA(key): /ˈkæn/, [ˈkʰan], [ˈkʰæn]
    • (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈkæn/, [ˈkʰæn], [ˈkʰɛən], [ˈkʰeən] (see w:/æ/ raising)
      • (Philadelphia) IPA(key): /ˈkɛn/
    • Audio (US)(file)
    • Rhymes: -æn
  • (unstressed)
    • IPA(key): /kən/, [kʰən], [kʰn̩]
    • Audio (US; unstressed)(file)

Verb

can (third-person singular simple present can, present participle (by suppletion) able, simple past could, past participle (obsolete except in adjectival use) couth)

  1. (auxiliary verb, defective) To know how to; to be able to.
    Synonym: be able to
    Antonyms: cannot, can't
    She can speak English, French, and German.
    I can play football.
    Can you remember your fifth birthday?
    • 1449, Reginald Pecock, Represser of over-much weeting [blaming] of the Clergie
      prouyng which eny clerk can or woel or mai make bi eny maner euydence of resoun or of Scripture, and namelich of resoun into the contrarie.
    • 2013 July–August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist:
      Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.
    • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:
      If thou canst awake by four o' the clock, / I prithee call me. Sleep hath seized me wholly.
  2. (modal auxiliary verb, defective, informal) May; to be permitted or enabled to.
    Synonym: may
    You can go outside and play when you're finished with your homework.
    Can I use your pen?
  3. (modal auxiliary verb, defective) To have the potential to; be possible.
    Can it be Friday already?
    Teenagers can really try their parents' patience.
    Animals can experience emotions.
    • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest:
      The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. […] Can those harmless but refined fellow-diners be the selfish cads whose gluttony and personal appearance so raised your contemptuous wrath on your arrival?
    • 2009, Sym, Annette, Simply Too Good to be True, Greenleaf Book Group, →ISBN, page 4:
      Teenagers can be so cruel, and nicknames cut deep.
  4. (auxiliary verb, defective) Used with verbs of perception.
    Can you hear that?.
    I can feel the baby moving inside me.
  5. (obsolete, transitive) To know.
    Synonyms: cognize, grok, ken
    • ca.1360-1387, William Langland, Piers Plowman
      I can rimes of Robin Hood.
    • ca.1360-1387, William Langland, Piers Plowman
      I can no Latin, quod she.
    • 1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], OCLC 837166078; Shakespeare’s Venus & Adonis: […], 4th edition, London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent and Co. […], 1896, OCLC 19803734:
      Let the priest in surplice white, / That defunctive music can.
Usage notes
  • For missing forms, substitute inflected forms of be able to, as:
    • I might be able to go.
    • I was able to go yesterday.
    • I have been able to go, since I was seven.
    • I had been able to go before.
    • I will be able to go tomorrow.
  • The word could also suffices in many tenses. “I would be able to go” is equivalent to “I could go”, and “I was unable to go” can be rendered “I could not go”. (Unless there is a clear indication otherwise, “could verb” means “would be able to verb”, but “could not verb” means “was/were unable to verb”.)
  • The present tense negative can not is usually contracted to cannot (more formal) or can’t (less formal).
  • The use of can in asking permission sometimes is criticized as being impolite or incorrect by those who favour the more formal alternative “may I...?”.
  • Can is sometimes used rhetorically to issue a command, placing the command in the form of a request. For instance, “Can you hand me that pen?” as a polite substitution for “Hand me that pen.”
  • Some US dialects that glottalize the final /t/ in can’t (/kæn(ʔ)/), in order to differentiate can’t from can, pronounce can as /kɛn/ even when stressed.
Conjugation
Conjugation of can
infinitive—
present tensepast tense
1st-person singular can could, coulde†
2nd-person singular can, canst†, canest†, cannest† could, couldst†, couldest†, could'st†
3rd-person singular can, canneth† could, coulde†
plural can
subjunctive can could, coulde†
imperative can† —
participles canning† could*, coulde†

†Archaic or obsolete. * Dialectal.

Derived terms
  • can-do
  • can do with
  • can haz
  • no can do
  • what can I do you for
  • what can I say
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
  • Appendix:English modal verbs
  • Appendix:English tag questions

Etymology 2

From Middle English canne, from Old English canne (“glass, container, cup, can”), from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ (“can, tankard, mug, cup”).

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: kăn, IPA(key): /ˈkæn/
    • Rhymes: -æn
  • (General Australian, Southern England) IPA(key): /ˈkæːn/
  • (æ-tensing) IPA(key): [ˈkeən]
  • Audio (UK)(file)

Noun

a can (3)

can (plural cans)

  1. A more or less cylindrical vessel for liquids, usually of steel or aluminium, but sometimes of plastic, and with a carrying handle over the top.
  2. A container used to carry and dispense water for plants (a watering can).
  3. A tin-plate canister, often cylindrical, for preserved foods such as fruit, meat, or fish.
  4. (archaic) A chamber pot, now (US, slang) a toilet or lavatory.
    Shit or get off the can.
    Bob's in the can. You can wait a few minutes or just leave it with me.
    • 1951, J. D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Little, Brown and Company, OCLC 287628, page 35:
      I didn't have anything special to do, so I went down to the can and chewed the rag with him while he was shaving.
  5. (US, slang) Buttocks.
  6. (slang) Jail or prison.
    Bob's in the can. He won't be back for a few years.
  7. (slang, in the plural) Headphones.
  8. (archaic) A drinking cup.
    • c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene iii]:
      SIR ANDREW: Nay, my troth, I know not: but I know, to be up late is to be up late.
      SIR TOBY: A false conclusion: I hate it as an unfilled can.
    • 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “A Vision of Sin”, in Poems. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], OCLC 1008064829, page 218:
      Fill the cup and fill the can: / Have a rouse before the morn: / Every minute dies a man, / Every minute one is born.
  9. (nautical) A cube-shaped buoy or marker used to denote a port-side lateral mark
  10. A chimney pot.
  11. (slang, in the plural) An E-meter used in Scientology auditing.
  12. (US, slang) An ounce (or sometimes, two ounces) of marijuana.
    • For quotations using this term, see Citations:can.
    • 1970, California. Supreme Court, Reports of Cases Determined in the Supreme Court of the State of California
      […] prosecution for selling and giving away marijuana, the evidence clearly constituted substantial proof that a package purchased by defendant contained marijuana where he requested "four cans" of marijuana to be delivered to himself and […]
  13. A protective cover for the fuel element in a nuclear reactor.
Synonyms
  • (toilet): See Thesaurus:chamber pot and Thesaurus:toilet
  • (place with a toilet): See Thesaurus:bathroom
  • (cylindrical metal container): tin (British & Australian at least)
Hyponyms
Hyponyms of can (Etymology 2)
  • aerosol can
  • beer can
  • billycan
  • garbage can
  • jerrycan
  • lading-can
  • soda can
  • spray can
  • sprinkling can
  • tin can
  • trash can
  • watering can
Derived terms
  • booze can
  • can buoy
  • can hook
  • can house
  • can of corn
  • can of worms
  • can opener
  • carry the can
  • chimney can
  • dunny can
  • GI can
  • hot water can
  • in the can
  • kick at the can
  • kick-the-can
  • kick the can
  • kick the can down the road
  • know someone from a can of paint
  • open a can of whoop ass
  • open up a can of whoop ass
  • sea can
  • shitcan
  • shitcan
  • shower in a can
  • spam in a can
  • tie a can to it
  • tip the can
  • tomato can
  • water can
Translations
chamber pot — see chamber pot
non-offensive slang for toilet — See also translations at toilet
lavatory — see lavatory
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

can (third-person singular simple present cans, present participle canning, simple past and past participle canned)

  1. To seal in a can.
    They canned air to sell as a novelty to tourists.
  2. To preserve by heating and sealing in a jar or can.
    They spent August canning fruit and vegetables.
  3. To discard, scrap or terminate (an idea, project, etc.).
    He canned the whole project because he thought it would fail.
    • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, pages 67-68:
      My next stop is Oxford, which has also grown with the addition of new platforms to accommodate the Chiltern Railways service to London via Bicester - although, short sightedly, the planned electrification from Paddington was canned. Evidence of the volte-face can be seen along the line at places such as Radley, where mast piles are already sunk or lie discarded at the lineside.
  4. (transitive, slang) To shut up.
    Can your gob.
  5. (US, euphemistic) To fire or dismiss an employee.
    • 2022 November 25, Cost, B., “Man wins legal right to be 'boring' at work, gets $3K from company”, in New York Post‎, NYP Holdings, retrieved 2022-11-27:
      As a result of his refusal, the employee was subsequently canned in 2015 on the basis of "professional inadequacy" and failing to embody the "party" atmosphere that the consultancy was trying to cultivate.
    The boss canned him for speaking out.
  6. (golf, slang, transitive) To hole the ball.
    • 1958, Mayer, Dick, How to Think and Swing Like a Golf Champion, page 186:
      I thought I had canned it, but it just missed, and I tapped in the second one for a par.
  7. (transitive) To cover (the fuel element in a nuclear reactor) with a protective cover.
Conjugation
Conjugation of can
infinitive(to) can
present tensepast tense
1st-person singular can canned
2nd-person singular
3rd-person singular cans
plural can
subjunctive can canned
imperative can —
participles canning canned
Synonyms
  • (discard): bin, dump, scrap; see also Thesaurus:junk
  • (shut up): can it, stifle; see also Thesaurus:stop talking or Thesaurus:make silent
  • (dismiss an employee): axe, let go, sack; see also Thesaurus:lay off
Derived terms
  • decan, recan, uncan
  • canner, canning
Translations

See also

  • cancan / can-can
  • Obamacan / Obama-can

Anagrams

  • ANC, CNA, NAC, NCA

Afar

Can.

Etymology

Related to Somali caano, Oromo aannan and Saho xan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈħʌn/
  • Hyphenation: can

Noun

cán m (plural caanowá f or canooná f)

  1. milk

Declension

Declension of cán
absolutivecán
predicativecána
subjectivecán
genitivecantí
Postpositioned forms
l-casecánal
k-casecának
t-casecánat
h-casecánah

References

  • Loren F. Bliese (1981) A Generative Grammar of Afar‎, Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington (doctoral thesis).
  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “can”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin canis, canem.

Noun

can m (plural cans)

  1. dog

References

  • Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002), “can”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin canis, canem.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkan/, [ˈkãŋ]

Noun

can m (plural canes)

  1. dog (animal)

Synonyms

  • perru

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillicҹан
Perso-Arabicجان‎

Etymology

From Persian جان‎ (jân).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑn], [d͡zɑn]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

can (definite accusative canı, plural canlar)

  1. soul, spirit
  2. being, creature, life
  3. body (in expressions concerning body sensations)
    Canım ağrıyır. ― My body is aching.
    Canıma üşütmə düşdü. ― My body is shivering.
    Synonym: bədən
  4. force, vigour
  5. life (the state of organisms preceding their death)
    canını almaq ― to kill (literally, “to take the life of”)

Declension

    Declension of can
singularplural
nominativecan
canlar
definite accusativecanı
canları
dativecana
canlara
locativecanda
canlarda
ablativecandan
canlardan
definite genitivecanın
canların
    Possessive forms of can
nominative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımcanlarım
sənin (“your”)canıncanların
onun (“his/her/its”)canıcanları
bizim (“our”)canımızcanlarımız
sizin (“your”)canınızcanlarınız
onların (“their”)canı or canlarıcanları
accusative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımıcanlarımı
sənin (“your”)canınıcanlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)canınıcanlarını
bizim (“our”)canımızıcanlarımızı
sizin (“your”)canınızıcanlarınızı
onların (“their”)canını or canlarınıcanlarını
dative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımacanlarıma
sənin (“your”)canınacanlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)canınacanlarına
bizim (“our”)canımızacanlarımıza
sizin (“your”)canınızacanlarınıza
onların (“their”)canına or canlarınacanlarına
locative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımdacanlarımda
sənin (“your”)canındacanlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)canındacanlarında
bizim (“our”)canımızdacanlarımızda
sizin (“your”)canınızdacanlarınızda
onların (“their”)canında or canlarındacanlarında
ablative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımdancanlarımdan
sənin (“your”)canındancanlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)canındancanlarından
bizim (“our”)canımızdancanlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)canınızdancanlarınızdan
onların (“their”)canından or canlarındancanlarından
genitive
singularplural
mənim (“my”)canımıncanlarımın
sənin (“your”)canınıncanlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)canınıncanlarının
bizim (“our”)canımızıncanlarımızın
sizin (“your”)canınızıncanlarınızın
onların (“their”)canının or canlarınıncanlarının

Derived terms

  • can atmaq
  • cangüdən
  • canlandırmaq
  • canlanmaq
  • canlı
  • cansıxıcı

Catalan

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈkan/

Contraction

can

  1. Contraction of ca en (“the house of”).

Further reading

  • “can” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English canteen.

Pronunciation

  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ken6, ken6-2
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ken6, ken6-2
      • Yale: colloquial sounds not defined, colloquial sounds not defined
      • Cantonese Pinyin: ken6, ken6-2
      • Guangdong Romanization: colloquial sounds not defined, colloquial sounds not defined
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɛːn²²/, /kʰɛːn²²⁻³⁵/

Noun

can

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) canteen; restaurant (in a university campus)

Classical Nahuatl

Alternative forms

  • cānin

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaːn/

Pronoun

cān

  1. where

Derived terms

  • campa
  • canah
  • ahcān
  • nicān
  • oncān

Galician

Can ("dog")

Alternative forms

  • cão (reintegrationist)
  • cam (reintegrationist)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese can, from Latin canis, canem. Cognate with Portuguese cão.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ/

Noun

can m (plural cans)

  1. dog
    Cando o can ladra na rúa, non ladra de balde.
    When the dog barks in the street, it does not bark for nothing
  2. (historical) 20th century 5, 10 cents of peseta coin
  • cadela
  • caíño
  • cairo
  • can de palleiro
  • dente cairo

Etymology 2

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese quan, from Latin quam. Cognate with Portuguese quão and Spanish cuan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ/

Noun

can m (plural cans)

  1. how

Etymology 3

From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, ultimately from Turkic *qan, contraction of *qaɣan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ/

Noun

can m (plural cans)

  1. khan

References

  • “can” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “can” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “can” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “can” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “can” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Interlingua

Noun

can (plural canes)

  1. dog
  2. cock, hammer (of a firearm)

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish canaid, from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Compare Welsh canu, Latin canō, Ancient Greek καναχέω (kanakhéō), Persian خواندن‎ (xândan).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kanˠ/

Verb

can (present analytic canann, future analytic canfaidh, verbal noun canadh, past participle canta)

  1. to sing
    • 2015, Proinsias Mac a' Bhaird, transl.; Maura McHugh, editor, Amhrán na Mara (fiction, paperback), Kilkenny, County Kilkenny; Howth, Dublin: Cartoon Saloon; Coiscéim, translation of Song of the Sea by Will Collins, →ISBN, page 1:
      Thuas i dteach an tsolais, faoi réaltaí geala, canann Bronach Amhrán na Mara dá mac Ben atá cúig bliana d'aois.
      Up in the lighthouse, under twinkling stars, Bronach sings the Song of the Sea to her five-year-old son, Ben.

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)
singularpluralrelativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativepresentcanaimcanann tú;
canair†		canann sé, sícanaimidcanann sibhcanann siad;
canaid†		a chanann; a chanas /
a gcanann*; a gcanas*		cantar
pastchan mé; chanaschan tú; chanaischan sé, síchanamar; chan muidchan sibh; chanabhairchan siad; chanadara chan /
ar chan*		canadh
past habitualchanainn / gcanainn‡‡chantá / gcantᇇchanadh sé, sí / gcanadh sé, s퇇chanaimis; chanadh muid / gcanaimis‡‡; gcanadh muid‡‡chanadh sibh / gcanadh sibh‡‡chanaidís; chanadh siad / gcanaidís‡‡; gcanadh siad‡‡a chanadh /
a gcanadh*		chantaí / gcanta퇇
futurecanfaidh mé;
canfad		canfaidh tú;
canfair†		canfaidh sé, sícanfaimid;
canfaidh muid		canfaidh sibhcanfaidh siad;
canfaid†		a chanfaidh; a chanfas /
a gcanfaidh*; a gcanfas*		canfar
conditionalchanfainn / gcanfainn‡‡chanfá / gcanfᇇchanfadh sé, sí / gcanfadh sé, s퇇chanfaimis; chanfadh muid / gcanfaimis‡‡; gcanfadh muid‡‡chanfadh sibh / gcanfadh sibh‡‡chanfaidís; chanfadh siad / gcanfaidís‡‡; gcanfadh siad‡‡a chanfadh /
a gcanfadh*		chanfaí / gcanfa퇇
subjunctivepresentgo gcana mé;
go gcanad†		go gcana tú;
go gcanair†		go gcana sé, sígo gcanaimid;
go gcana muid		go gcana sibhgo gcana siad;
go gcanaid†		—go gcantar
pastdá gcanainndá gcantádá gcanadh sé, sídá gcanaimis;
dá gcanadh muid		dá gcanadh sibhdá gcanaidís;
dá gcanadh siad		—dá gcantaí
imperativecanaimcancanadh sé, sícanaimiscanaigí;
canaidh†		canaidís—cantar
verbal nouncanadh
past participlecanta

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionEclipsis
canchangcan
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin canis.

Noun

can m

  1. dog

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkan/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Hyphenation: càn

Etymology 1

From Turkic.

Alternative forms

  • cane

Noun

can m (uncountable)

  1. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of khan

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

can m (apocopated)

  1. (poetic, literary) Apocopic form of cane; dog

Ligurian

Alternative forms

  • càn

Etymology

From Latin canem, accusative form of canis, from earlier canēs, from Proto-Italic *kō (accusative *kwanem), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (accusative *ḱwónm̥).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaŋ/

Noun

can m (plural chen, diminutive cagnetto or cagnin, feminine cagna)

  1. dog, male dog
  • cagnara

Lombard

Etymology

From Latin Latin canis. Cognate with Italian cane.

Noun

can

  1. dog

Mandarin

Romanization

can

  1. Nonstandard spelling of cān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of cán.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of cǎn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of càn.

Usage notes

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Verb

can

  1. first/third-person singular present indicative of connen

Middle English

Noun

can

  1. Alternative form of canne

Verb

can

  1. Alternative form of cunnen

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Related to Persian جان‎ (jân).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒɑːn/

Noun

can ?

  1. soul

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin canis, canem.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)

Noun

can m (plural cans, feminine canha, feminine plural canhas)

  1. dog, hound

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

  • quan

Etymology

From Latin quandō.

Conjunction

can

  1. when
    • circa 1200, Peire Vidal, Ab l'alen tir vas me l'aire:
      Tan m'es bel quan n'aug ben dire.
      So much it pleases me when I hear it spoken of well.

Adverb

can

  1. (interrogative) when

Descendants

  • Occitan: quand

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin canis (“dog”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkã/

Noun

can m

  1. dog
    • 13th century, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Alfonso X of Castile, B 476: Non quer'eu donzela fea (facsimile)
      Non quereu donzela fea / E ueloſa come cam
      I do not want an ugly maiden, as hairy as a dog

Descendants

  • Galician: can
  • Portuguese: cão

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English can, first and third person singular of connen, cunnen (“to be able, know how”), from Old English can(n), first and third person singular of cunnan (“to know how”), from Proto-West Germanic *kunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (whence know).

Verb

can (third-person singular simple present can, simple past cud)

  1. can
  2. be able to
    He shuid can dae that. ― He should be able to do that.

Derived terms

  • cannae (“cannot”)

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish canaid (“to sing”), from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Compare Welsh canu, Latin canō, Ancient Greek καναχέω (kanakhéō), Persian خواندن‎ (xândan).

Verb

can (past chan, future canaidh, verbal noun cantainn, past participle cante)

  1. to say
  2. to sing (a song)

Usage notes

  • The future and conditional tenses and the imperative form are very often used for the verb abair in place of the actual abair forms, particularly in colloquial language. The past tense, however, is much less common.

References

  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “can”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin canis, canem, from Proto-Italic *kō (accusative *kwanem), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (accusative *ḱwónm̥). Compare Catalan ca, Occitan can, French chien, Italian cane, Portuguese cão, Romanian câine and Aromanian cãne, cãni.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkan/ [ˈkãn]
  • Audio (Spain)(file)
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: can

Noun

can m (plural canes)

  1. (formal) dog, hound
    Synonyms: perro, (colloquial) chucho

Hypernyms

  • cánido

Hyponyms

  • cachorro
  • canijo
  • canino

Further reading

  • “can”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish جان‎, from Persian جان‎ (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dʒɑn/

Noun

can (definite accusative canı, plural canlar)

  1. soul, life, being
  2. sweetheart

Declension

Inflection
Nominativecan
Definite accusativecanı
SingularPlural
Nominativecancanlar
Definite accusativecanıcanları
Dativecanacanlara
Locativecandacanlarda
Ablativecandancanlardan
Genitivecanıncanların
Possessive forms
Nominative
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımcanlarım
2nd singularcanıncanların
3rd singularcanıcanları
1st pluralcanımızcanlarımız
2nd pluralcanınızcanlarınız
3rd pluralcanlarıcanları
Definite accusative
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımıcanlarımı
2nd singularcanınıcanlarını
3rd singularcanınıcanlarını
1st pluralcanımızıcanlarımızı
2nd pluralcanınızıcanlarınızı
3rd pluralcanlarınıcanlarını
Dative
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımacanlarıma
2nd singularcanınacanlarına
3rd singularcanınacanlarına
1st pluralcanımızacanlarımıza
2nd pluralcanınızacanlarınıza
3rd pluralcanlarınacanlarına
Locative
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımdacanlarımda
2nd singularcanındacanlarında
3rd singularcanındacanlarında
1st pluralcanımızdacanlarımızda
2nd pluralcanınızdacanlarınızda
3rd pluralcanlarındacanlarında
Ablative
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımdancanlarımdan
2nd singularcanındancanlarından
3rd singularcanındancanlarından
1st pluralcanımızdancanlarımızdan
2nd pluralcanınızdancanlarınızdan
3rd pluralcanlarındancanlarından
Genitive
SingularPlural
1st singularcanımıncanlarımın
2nd singularcanınıncanlarının
3rd singularcanınıncanlarının
1st pluralcanımızıncanlarımızın
2nd pluralcanınızıncanlarınızın
3rd pluralcanlarınıncanlarının

See also

  • Can

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin canis, canem.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaŋ/

Noun

can m (plural cani)

  1. (Belluno, Chipilo) dog

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kaːn˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [kaːŋ˧˧]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kaːŋ˧˧]
  • Audio (Hà Nội)(file)

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 肝.

Noun

can

  1. (alternative medicine) liver

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 干.

Noun

can

  1. Short for Thiên Can (“celestial stem”).

Verb

can

  1. to concern; to apply to
  2. to be involved (in); to be implicated (in)

Etymology 3

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 諫／谏 (SV: gián).

Verb

can

  1. to dissuade (someone from doing something); to intervene

Etymology 4

From English canne.

Noun

(classifier cây, cái) can

  1. walking stick

Verb

can

  1. to join; to unite; to sew together

Etymology 6

From French calque.

Verb

can

  1. to trace (through translucent paper), to do tracing
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • giấy can

Volapük

Noun

can (nominative plural cans)

  1. sales commodity, merchandise, wares

Declension

declension of can
singularplural
nominativecancans
genitivecanacanas
dativecanecanes
accusativecanicanis
vocative 1o can!o cans!
predicative 2canucanus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kan/
  • Rhymes: -an

Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand- (“to shine, glow”).

See also Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”), Albanian hënë (“moon”), Sanskrit चन्द्र (candrá, “shining”) and Old Armenian խանդ (xand).

Adjective

can (feminine singular can, plural can, equative canned, comparative cannach, superlative cannaf)

  1. bleached, white

Noun

can m (plural caniau)

  1. flour

Derived terms

  • cannaid (“bright, refulgent”)
  • cannu (“to bleach, to whiten”)

Etymology 2

Welsh numbers (edit)
1,000
[a], [b], [c] ←  90[a], [b], [c], [d] ←  99100101  → 200  → 
10[a], [b]
    Cardinal (vigesimal): pum ugain
    Cardinal: cant, (before nouns) can
    Ordinal: canfed
    Ordinal abbreviation: 100fed

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cant, from Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Numeral

can

  1. (cardinal number) Apocopic form of cant (“one hundred”)
Usage notes
  • This is the form the number cant (“one hundred”) takes when it precedes a noun.

Etymology 3

From English can.

Noun

can m (plural caniau)

  1. a can

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
cangannghanchan
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

  • cân

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “can”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  • Definition from the BBC.

Yucatec Maya

Numeral

can

  1. Obsolete spelling of kan

Noun

can

  1. Obsolete spelling of kaan
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