cambio
English
Noun
cambio (plural cambios)
- (Guyana) bureau de change; currency exchange
Asturian
Verb
cambio
- first-person singular present indicative of cambiar
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese cambio, from Late Latin cambium (“change”), from Latin cambiō (“I change”), from a Celtic language, from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“crooked; bent”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂emb- (“bent”). Cognate with Portuguese câmbio and Spanish cambio.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɑmbjʊ]
Noun
cambio m (plural cambios)
- change
- loose change
- Synonym: solto
- exchange, swap
- Synonym: troco
Related terms
- camba
- cambiar
- cambota
- canga
- cangallo
- cango
- concambio
References
- “cambio” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “cambio” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “cambio” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “cambio” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “cambio” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkam.bjo/
- Rhymes: -ambjo
- Hyphenation: càm‧bio
Etymology 1
From verb cambiare from Vulgar Latin cambiāre (“to change, exchange”) from Late Latin cambiō, or from corresponding noun Latin cambium (“change”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve”). Compare Spanish cambio and Portuguese câmbio.
Noun
cambio m (plural cambi)
- exchange
- Synonym: scambio
- change
- Synonyms: cambiamento, sostituzione
- gear, stickshift (of a motor vehicle)
Derived terms
- cambio della guardia
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
cambio
- first-person singular present indicative of cambiare
Anagrams
- imbaco
Latin
Etymology
From cambium (“change”), from Gaulish cambion (“change”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve”). Compare Ancient Greek κάμπτω (kámptō, “to bend, curve, turn”).
Pronunciation
- (Proto-Romance) IPA(key): /ˈkambʲo/
Verb
cambiō (present infinitive cambiāre, perfect active cambiāvī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
- (Late Latin) exchange, barter; change
Usage notes
According to ancient grammarians, this verb originally belonged to the fourth conjugation with the present infinitive cambīre and the perfect stem camps-. However, Romance forms are descended from a first conjugation version with the present infinitive cambiāre and the perfect stem cambiāv-. These forms appear in texts from the 6th century CE.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of cambiō (first conjugation, no supine stem, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | cambiō | cambiās | cambiat | cambiāmus | cambiātis | cambiant |
| imperfect | cambiābam | cambiābās | cambiābat | cambiābāmus | cambiābātis | cambiābant | |
| future | cambiābō | cambiābis | cambiābit | cambiābimus | cambiābitis | cambiābunt | |
| perfect | cambiāvī | cambiāvistī | cambiāvit | cambiāvimus | cambiāvistis | cambiāvērunt, cambiāvēre | |
| pluperfect | cambiāveram | cambiāverās | cambiāverat | cambiāverāmus | cambiāverātis | cambiāverant | |
| future perfect | cambiāverō | cambiāveris | cambiāverit | cambiāverimus | cambiāveritis | cambiāverint | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | cambiem | cambiēs | cambiet | cambiēmus | cambiētis | cambient |
| imperfect | cambiārem | cambiārēs | cambiāret | cambiārēmus | cambiārētis | cambiārent | |
| perfect | cambiāverim | cambiāverīs | cambiāverit | cambiāverīmus | cambiāverītis | cambiāverint | |
| pluperfect | cambiāvissem | cambiāvissēs | cambiāvisset | cambiāvissēmus | cambiāvissētis | cambiāvissent | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | cambiā | — | — | cambiāte | — |
| future | — | cambiātō | cambiātō | — | cambiātōte | cambiantō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | cambiāre | cambiāvisse | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | cambiāns | — | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| cambiandī | cambiandō | cambiandum | cambiandō | — | — | ||
Synonyms
- (exchange, barter): mūtō, permūtō
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- ⇒ Romanian: schimba
- → Albanian: këmbej
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: cambiare
- Neapolitan: cagnà
- Padanian:
- Friulian: gambiâ
- Ligurian: cangiâ
- Lombard: cambiar
- Piedmontese: cambié, cangé
- Venetian: canbiar
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: changiér
- Norman: changier, changi
- Old French: cangier, changier
- Bourguignon: chaingeai, changeai
- French: changer
- Picard: canger
- Poitevin-Saintongeais: chanjhàe
- Walloon: candjî
- → Middle English: chaungen
- English: change
- → Old Italian: cangiare
- → Sicilian: canciari
- → Spanish: canjear
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: canviar
- Occitan:
- Auvergnat: chamjar
- Gascon: cambiar
- Languedocien: cambiar
- Limousin: chamjar, chamnhar
- Vivaro-Alpine: chambiar
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Portuguese: cambiar
- Galician: cambiar
- Portuguese: cambiar
- Spanish: cambiar
- Old Portuguese: cambiar
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: cambiai, cambiare, cammiare, ciambare
References
- “cambio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- cambio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cambio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 249
- cambio in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, volume 1, 8th edition, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 943
Portuguese
Noun
cambio m (plural cambios)
- Obsolete spelling of câmbio
Verb
cambio
- first-person singular present indicative of cambiar
Spanish
Etymology
Deverbal from cambiar. Compare Italian cambio, Portuguese câmbio, and Catalan canvi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkambjo/ [ˈkãm.bjo]
Audio (Latin America) (file) - Rhymes: -ambjo
- Syllabification: cam‧bio
Noun
cambio m (plural cambios)
- change, shift
- exchange rate
- El cambio es de 12 pesos mexicanos por dólar.
- The exchange rate is 12 mexican pesos to the dollar.
- gear (of a motor vehicle)
Derived terms
- a cambio
- a cambio de
- a las primeras de cambio
- caja de cambios
- cambio climático
- cambio de humor (“mood swing”)
- cambio de juego (“game changer”)
- cambio de marchas
- cambio de sentido
- cambio fonético
- cambio y fuera
- casa de cambio
- en cambio
- letra de cambio
- palanca de cambios
- tasa de cambio
- tipo de cambio
Related terms
- cambiar (verb)
- cambiazo
Interjection
cambio
- (telecommunications) over
- ¡Cambio y corto! ― Over and out!
Verb
cambio
- first-person singular present indicative of cambiar
Further reading
- “cambio”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014