cadangan
Indonesian
Etymology
Affixed cadang + -an, from Malay cadangan (“plan; suggestion”).
- The sense of “backup, reserve, or substitute” is reinforced as semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀ (cadhangan, “reserve, back up, spare”), ꦕꦝꦁ (cadhang, “to hold out the hands to receive”), from Old Javanese caḍaṅ (“preparation”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡ʃaˈdaŋan]
- Rhymes: -an, -n
- Hyphenation: ca‧dang‧an
Noun
cadangan (plural cadangan-cadangan, first-person possessive cadanganku, second-person possessive cadanganmu, third-person possessive cadangannya)
- backup, reserve, or substitute.
- Synonyms: persediaan, serap, serep
- (dated) plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
- Synonyms: rancangan, rencana
- (dated) suggestion, something suggested.
- Synonyms: anjuran, usul, saran
Usage notes
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay cadangan.
Derived terms
- cadangan dana pelunasan sekaligus
- cadangan devisa
- cadangan nyata
- cadangan pemellharaan
- cadangan pensiun
- cadangan tak terduga
Further reading
- “cadangan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
cadang + -an
Noun
cadangan (Jawi spelling چادڠن, plural cadangan-cadangan, informal 1st possessive cadanganku, 2nd possessive cadanganmu, 3rd possessive cadangannya)
- suggestion, something suggested.
- Synonyms: anjuran, usul, saranan
- backup, reserve or substitute.
- Synonym: persediaan
- plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
- Synonyms: rancangan, rencana
Usage notes
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian cadangan.
Descendants
- Indonesian: cadangan
Further reading
- “cadangan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.