cac

cac

See also: CAC, các, çaç, and čāc

Albanian

Etymology

Version of eci (“I walk, step, go”). Used by adults when speaking to toddlers while teaching them how to walk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sat͡s/

Verb

cac (first-person singular past tense caca, participle cacur)

1. (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) I walk slowly
2. (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) I learn (how) to walk

   Synonym: përkëmb

Derived terms

• cacë f

Related terms

• eci

Further reading

• active verb cac (aorist: caca; participle: cacur) • Fjalori Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)

---

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• cacu

Etymology

From Latin cacō. Compare Romanian căca, cac.

Verb

cac (past participle cãcatã or cãcate)

1. (vulgar, reflexive) I shit.

Related terms

• cãcari / cãcare
• cãcat

---

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /kɑk/
• (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /kak/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, nominative plural cacanna)

1. faeces, excrement
2. (vulgar, offensive) shit
3. (mining) raw ore
4. verbal noun of cac

Declension

Declension of cac

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative cac cacanna Vocative a chac a chacanna Genitive caca cacanna Dative cac cacanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an cac na cacanna Genitive an chaca na gcacanna Dative leis an gcac don chac leis na cacanna

Derived terms

• cac iarainn m (“bog iron ore”)

Interjection

cac

1. (vulgar) Shit!, Fuck!

Etymology 2

From Old Irish caccaid (“excretes”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”).

Verb

cac (present analytic cacann, future analytic cacfaidh, verbal noun cac, past participle cactha)

1. excrete, defecate
2. (vulgar) shit

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	cacaim	cacann tú; cacair†	cacann sé, sí	cacaimid	cacann sibh	cacann siad; cacaid†	a chacann; a chacas / a gcacann*; a gcacas*	cactar
	past	chac mé; chacas	chac tú; chacais	chac sé, sí	chacamar; chac muid	chac sibh; chacabhair	chac siad; chacadar	a chac / ar chac*	cacadh
	past habitual	chacainn / gcacainn‡‡	chactá / gcactᇇ	chacadh sé, sí / gcacadh sé, s퇇	chacaimis; chacadh muid / gcacaimis‡‡; gcacadh muid‡‡	chacadh sibh / gcacadh sibh‡‡	chacaidís; chacadh siad / gcacaidís‡‡; gcacadh siad‡‡	a chacadh / a gcacadh*	chactaí / gcacta퇇
	future	cacfaidh mé; cacfad	cacfaidh tú; cacfair†	cacfaidh sé, sí	cacfaimid; cacfaidh muid	cacfaidh sibh	cacfaidh siad; cacfaid†	a chacfaidh; a chacfas / a gcacfaidh*; a gcacfas*	cacfar
conditional		chacfainn / gcacfainn‡‡	chacfá / gcacfᇇ	chacfadh sé, sí / gcacfadh sé, s퇇	chacfaimis; chacfadh muid / gcacfaimis‡‡; gcacfadh muid‡‡	chacfadh sibh / gcacfadh sibh‡‡	chacfaidís; chacfadh siad / gcacfaidís‡‡; gcacfadh siad‡‡	a chacfadh / a gcacfadh*	chacfaí / gcacfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go gcaca mé; go gcacad†	go gcaca tú; go gcacair†	go gcaca sé, sí	go gcacaimid; go gcaca muid	go gcaca sibh	go gcaca siad; go gcacaid†	—	go gcactar
	past	dá gcacainn	dá gcactá	dá gcacadh sé, sí	dá gcacaimis; dá gcacadh muid	dá gcacadh sibh	dá gcacaidís; dá gcacadh siad	—	dá gcactaí
imperative		cacaim	cac	cacadh sé, sí	cacaimis	cacaigí; cacaidh†	cacaidís	—	cactar
verbal noun		cac
past participle		cactha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cac	chac	gcac
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cac”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cacc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “caccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

---

K'iche'

Etymology

Likely cognate to Yucatec Maya k’áak’

Noun

cac

1. (Classical K'iche') fire

---

Old English

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Latin caco (“I shit”).[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑk/

Noun

cac m (nominative plural cacas)

1. dung, excrement

Declension

Declension of cac (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	cac	cacas
accusative	cac	cacas
genitive	caces	caca
dative	cace	cacum

Derived terms

• cachūs (“shithouse, latrine”)

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “CAC”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

1. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “cack”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

---

Romanian

Verb

cac

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of căca

---

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰaxk/

Etymology 1

From From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, no plural)

1. excrement
2. (vulgar) shit

Derived terms

• poll-caca (“cesspool”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish caccaid (“excretes”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”). See Etymology 1 above.

Verb

cac (past chac, future cacaidh, verbal noun cac or cacadh, past participle cacte)

1. (slang) excrete, defecate
2. (slang, vulgar) shit

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
cac	chac
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “cac”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cacc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “caccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language