bújik
Hungarian
Alternative forms
- búvik
Etymology
From a stem of uncertain origin, perhaps from Proto-Finno-Ugric *puke- (“to climb, creep”)[1][2] + -ik.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbuːjik]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: bú‧jik
- Rhymes: -uːjik
Verb
bújik
- (intransitive) to hide
- Synonyms: rejtőzik, rejtőzködik
- Perfective: elbújik
Usage notes
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. Similarly, the archaic -ék is not possible, either, in the subjunctive or conditional 3rd-person singular forms, i.e. -jék or -nék, only -jon/-jen-jön can appear as their subjunctive 3rd-person singular forms and -na/-ne as their conditional 3rd-person singular forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.
Conjugation
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal | 3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal | 1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal | 3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood | Present | Indef. | bújok | bújsz | bújik | bújunk | bújtok | bújnak |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | bújtam | bújtál | bújt | bújtunk | bújtatok | bújtak | |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood | Present | Indef. | bújnék | bújnál | bújna | bújnánk | bújnátok | bújnának |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood | Present | Indef. | bújjak | bújj or bújjál | bújjon or bújjék | bújjunk | bújjatok | bújjanak |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | bújni | bújnom | bújnod | bújnia | bújnunk | bújnotok | bújniuk | |
Other nonfinite verb forms | Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
bújás | bújó | bújt | ― | bújva | bújhat |
Derived terms
- bujdokol
- bujdosik
- bujkál
- bújócska
(From the búv- stem):
- búvár
- búvóhely
- búvópatak
(With verbal prefixes):
- alábújik
- átbújik
- bebújik
- belebújik
- elbújik
- előbújik
- hozzábújik
- kibújik
- közébújik
- megbújik
- odabújik
- összebújik
- visszabújik
- aki bújt, aki nem, megyek
References
- Entry #809 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
- bújik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- bújik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bújik in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)