acetum
English
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin acētum.
Noun
acetum (plural acetums or aceta)
- (obsolete) Vinegar, sometimes medicated.
Anagrams
- cumate, macute, mucate
Latin
Etymology
From aceō (“to be sour”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /aˈkeː.tum/, [äˈkeːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /aˈt͡ʃe.tum/, [äˈt͡ʃɛːt̪um]
Noun
acētum n (genitive acētī); second declension
- vinegar
- 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 4.37:
- Nepōtātus sūmptibus omnium prōdigōrum ingenia superāvit, commentus novum balneārum ūsum, portentōsissima genera cibōrum atque cēnārum, ut calidīs frīgidīsque unguentīs lavārētur, prētiōsissima margarīta acētō liquefacta sorbēret, convīvīs ex aurō pānēs et obsōnia appōneret, aut frūgī hominem esse oportere dictitāns aut Caesarem.
- 1889 translation by Alexander Thomson
- In the devices of his profuse expenditure, he surpassed all the prodigals that ever lived; inventing a new kind of bath, with strange dishes and suppers, washing in precious unguents, both warm and cold, drinking pearls of immense value dissolved in vinegar, and serving up for his guests loaves and other victuals modelled in gold; often saying, " that a man ought either to be a good economist or an emperor."
- 1889 translation by Alexander Thomson
- Nepōtātus sūmptibus omnium prōdigōrum ingenia superāvit, commentus novum balneārum ūsum, portentōsissima genera cibōrum atque cēnārum, ut calidīs frīgidīsque unguentīs lavārētur, prētiōsissima margarīta acētō liquefacta sorbēret, convīvīs ex aurō pānēs et obsōnia appōneret, aut frūgī hominem esse oportere dictitāns aut Caesarem.
- (figuratively) wit, shrewdness
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | acētum | acēta |
| Genitive | acētī | acētōrum |
| Dative | acētō | acētīs |
| Accusative | acētum | acēta |
| Ablative | acētō | acētīs |
| Vocative | acētum | acēta |
Derived terms
- acētābulum
- acētāria
- acetulum
- acētōsus
- *acētillum (Late Latin)
Descendants
- Italo-Dalmatian
- Dalmatian: acait, akait, acaid
- Istriot: azì
- Italian: aceto
- Neapolitan: acìto
- Sicilian: acitu
- Padanian:
- Friulian: asêt
- Ligurian: axòu
- Lombard: axed
- Piedmontese: asèj
- Romansch: aschieu, ischiu, aschaid
- Venetian: axéo, axédo, axé
- Sardinian: achedu, aghedu, achetu
- Campidanese: acedu
- West Iberian
- Old Portuguese: azedo
- Galician: acedo
- Portuguese: azedo
- Spanish: acedo
- Old Portuguese: azedo
- ⇒ Latin: *acētillum (Late Latin)
- Piedmontese: asil
- Old French: aisil
- French: aisy
- → Middle English: aisel, aisille, aysel
- English: eisel, eisell (obsolete)
- → Welsh: aesel
- → Gothic: 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍄 (akeit), 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐍄 (akēt)
- → Old Irish: aicét, aigéd
- Irish: aigéad
- → Proto-Slavic: *ocьtъ (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-West Germanic: *aket (see there for further descendants)
- → English: acetum (learned)
References
- “acetum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “acetum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- acetum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- acetum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “acetum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers