bædan
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *baidijaną (“to constrain, cause to stay”), causative of *bīdaną (“to wait, guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“persuade, agree”). Cognate with Old Saxon bēdian (“to demand”), Old High German beitōn (“to pressure, demand”), Old Norse beiða (“demand, long for”), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (baidjan, “to constrain”). More at bide.
Indo-European cognates: Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin fidere, Proto-Slavic *běda (“adversity, misery”), Albanian bint.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbæːdɑn/
Verb
bǣdan
- to constrain, to incite, to compel
- Ðæs his lufu bædeþ: whom his love constrains. (Exeter Book)
Conjugation
Conjugation of bǣdan (weak class 1)
| infinitive | bǣdan | tō bǣdenne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǣde | bǣdde |
| 2nd-person singular | bǣdest | bǣddest |
| 3rd-person singular | bǣdeþ | bǣdde |
| plural | bǣdaþ | bǣddon |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| singular | bǣde | bǣdde |
| plural | bǣden | bǣdden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | bǣd | |
| plural | bǣdaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| bǣdende | (ġe)bǣded | |
Related terms
- bīdan
Etymology 2
Of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *bad-, of unknown origin. Related to Old English bæddel (“effeminate man”).
Alternative forms
- bǣdan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbædɑn/
Verb
bædan
- to defile
Conjugation
Conjugation of bǣdan (weak class 1)
| infinitive | bǣdan | tō bǣdenne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǣde | bǣdde |
| 2nd-person singular | bǣdest | bǣddest |
| 3rd-person singular | bǣdeþ | bǣdde |
| plural | bǣdaþ | bǣddon |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| singular | bǣde | bǣdde |
| plural | bǣden | bǣdden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | bǣd | |
| plural | bǣdaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| bǣdende | (ġe)bǣded | |