business

English

Alternative forms

bisoness, businesse, busynesse (obsolete)
bidness (pronunciation spelling, AAVE)

Etymology

From Middle English busines, busynes, businesse, bisynes, from Old English bisiġnes (“business, busyness”), equivalent to busy +‎ -ness. Doublet of busyness.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɪz.nɪs/, /ˈbɪz.nɪz/
(weak vowel merger) IPA^(key): /ˈbɪz.nəs/, /ˈbɪz.nəz/
(Southern American English) IPA^(key): /ˈbɪd.nəs/, /ˈbɪd.nəz/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -ɪznɪs, -ɪznɪz, -ɪznəs, -ɪznəz, -ɪdnəs, -ɪdnəz
Hyphenation: busi‧ness

Noun

business (countable and uncountable, plural businesses)

(countable) A specific commercial enterprise or establishment.
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:enterprise
I was left my father's business.
- 2013 June 22, “T time”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 68:
  The ability to shift profits to low-tax countries by locating intellectual property in them, which is then licensed to related businesses in high-tax countries, is often assumed to be the preserve of high-tech companies.
(countable) A person's occupation, work, or trade.
He is in the motor and insurance businesses.
I'm going to Las Vegas on business.
(uncountable) Commercial, industrial, or professional activity.
He's such a poor cook, I can't believe he's still in business!
We do business all over the world.
(uncountable) The volume or amount of commercial trade.
Business has been slow lately.
They did nearly a million dollars of business over the long weekend.
- 2013 May 25, “No hiding place”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8837, page 74:
  In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result. If the bumf arrived electronically, the take-up rate was 0.1%. And for online adverts the “conversion” into sales was a minuscule 0.01%. That means about $165 billion was spent not on drumming up business, but on annoying people, creating landfill and cluttering spam filters.
(uncountable) One's dealings; patronage.
I shall take my business elsewhere.
(uncountable) Private commercial interests taken collectively.
This proposal will satisfy both business and labor.
- 2013 August 10, Schumpeter, “Cronies and capitols”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
  Policing the relationship between government and business in a free society is difficult. Businesspeople have every right to lobby governments, and civil servants to take jobs in the private sector.
(uncountable) The management of commercial enterprises, or the study of such management.
I studied business at Harvard.
(countable) A particular situation or activity.
This UFO stuff is a mighty strange business.
(countable) Any activity or objective needing to be dealt with; especially, one of a financial or legal matter.
Our principal business here is to get drunk.
Let's get down to business.
- 1651, Thomas Hobbes, “Chapter I: Of Sense”, in Leviathan‎^Wikisource:
  To know the naturall cause of Sense, is not very necessary to the business now in hand; and I have els-where written of the same at large.
(uncountable) Something involving one personally.
That's none of your business.
(uncountable, parliamentary procedure) Matters that come before a body for deliberation or action.
If that concludes the announcements, we'll move on to new business.
(travel, uncountable) Business class, the class of seating provided by airlines between first class and coach.
- 1992, James Wallace and Jim Erickson, Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire‎, page 154:
  Gates, who always flew business or coach, didn't particularly like the high air fares Nishi was charging to Microsoft, […]
(acting) Action carried out with a prop or piece of clothing, usually away from the focus of the scene.
- 1983, Peter Thomson, Shakespeare's Theatre‎, →ISBN, page 155:
  The business with the hat is a fine example of the difficulty of distinguishing between 'natural' and 'formal' acting.
(countable, rare) The collective noun for a group of ferrets.
- 2004, Dave Duncan, The Jaguar Knights: A Chronicle of the King's Blades‎, →ISBN, page 252:
  I'm sure his goons will go through the ship like a business of ferrets, and they'll want to look in our baggage.
(uncountable, slang, Britain) Something very good; top quality. (possibly from "the bee's knees")
These new phones are the business!
(slang, uncountable) The act of defecation, or the excrement itself, particularly that of a non-human animal.
Your ferret left his business all over the floor.
As the cart went by, its horse lifted its tail and did its business.
(uncountable, slang) Disruptive shenanigans.
I haven't seen cartoons giving someone the business since the 1990s.

Derived terms

agribusiness
agri-business
any other business
big business
biz
book of business
business administration
business analyst
business angel
business architect
business-as-usual
business as usual
business before pleasure
business boy
business card
business case
business casual
business class
business continuity planning
business-critical
business cycle
business day
business deal
business district
business economics
business end
business English
business ethics
business failure
business-friendly
business girl
business hours
business idea
business index
business intelligence
business is business
business key
businesslike
business logic
business lunch
businessly
business man
businessman
business model
business name
business owner
business park
business partner
businessperson
business plan
business practice
business record
business risk
business school
business studies
business suit
business-to-business
business-to-consumer
business-to-employee
business-to-institutions
business trip
business trust
business unit
business venture
businesswoman
businessy
by-business
central business district
close of business
dirty business
do a land-office business
do business
do one's business
ease of doing business index
e-business
family business
farm business tenancy
funny business
genteel business
get down to business
give someone the business
go about one's business
have no business
in business
in the business of
leg business
like nobody's business
line of business
make it one's business
M-business
mean business
mind one's business
mind one's own business
mind-your-own-business
mix business with pleasure
monkey business
non-business, nonbusiness
none of someone's business
order of business
ordinary course of business
out of business
personal business
place of business
pro-business
send about one's business
show business
small business
stage business
stick to business
stroke of business
take care of business
take one's business elsewhere
the business
unfinished business
we appreciate your business

Related terms

pidgin

Descendants

Tok Pisin: bisnis
→ Albanian: biznes
→ Belarusian: бі́знэс (bíznes)
→ Bulgarian: би́знес (bíznes)
→ Czech: business, byznys
→ Dutch: business
- → Indonesian: bisnis, bisnes
→ Faroese: besnissaður
→ Finnish: bisnes, business
→ French: business
→ Haitian Creole: biznis
→ Italian: business
→ Japanese: ビジネス (bijinesu)
→ Jersey Dutch: bääznäs
→ Marshallese: peejnej
→ Moroccan Arabic: بزناس‎ (biznās)
→ Newar: बनय्‌ज्या (banêjyā), बनेज्या (banejyā)
→ Pennsylvania German: Bisniss
→ Polish: biznes
→ Romanian: bișniță
→ Russian: би́знес (bíznes)
- → Armenian: բիզնես (biznes)
- → Yakut: биисинэс (biisines)
→ Slovak: biznis
→ Tatar: business
→ Ukrainian: бі́знес (bíznes)
→ Welsh: busnes

Translations

commercial enterprise or establishment

Arabic: شَرِكَة‎ f (šarika)
Armenian: բիզնես (hy) (biznes), ձեռնարկություն (hy) (jeṙnarkutʿyun)
Belarusian: прадпрые́мства n (pradpryjémstva), бі́знэс m (bíznes)
Bengali: কারবার (bn) (karôbar), ব্যবসা (bn) (bêbśa)
Bulgarian: предприя́тие (bg) n (predprijátie), би́знес (bg) m (bíznes)
Catalan: empresa (ca) f, companyia (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 事業／事业 (zh) (shìyè), 企業／企业 (zh) (qǐyè)
Czech: podnik (cs) m, byznys (cs) m
Danish: forretning (da) c
Dutch: bedrijf (nl) n, zaak (nl) f, onderneming (nl) f
Esperanto: entrepreno, establo (eo)
Finnish: liike (fi), yritys (fi), liiketoiminta (fi), myymälä (fi), kauppa (fi)
French: entreprise (fr) f
Galician: negocio (gl) m
Georgian: საწარმო (sac̣armo), ბიზნესი (ka) (biznesi)
German: Geschäft (de) n, Unternehmen (de) n
Greek: επιχείρηση (el) f (epicheírisi)
Ancient: ἐργασία f (ergasía)
Hebrew: עסק‎ (he) m ('eseq)
Hindi: व्यापार (hi) m (vyāpār), कारोबार (hi) m (kārobār), कारबार (hi) m (kārbār), व्यवसाय (hi) m (vyavasāy)
Irish: gnólacht m
Italian: azienda (it) f
Japanese: 事業 (ja) (じぎょう, jigyō), 企業 (ja) (きぎょう, kigyō)
Khmer: ហាងជំនួញ (haang cumnuəñ), សហគ្រាស (km) (saʼhaʼkriəh)
Korean: 사업(事業) (ko) (sa'eop), 기업(企業) (ko) (gieop), 업무(業務) (ko) (eommu)
Kyrgyz: иш (ky) (iş), бизнес (ky) (biznes), жумуш (ky) (jumuş), ишкердик (ky) (işkerdik), ишкердүүлүк (ky) (işkerdüülük), ишмердүүлүк (ky) (işmerdüülük), профессия (ky) (professiya), кесип (ky) (kesip), соода (ky) (sooda), соода-сатык (sooda-satık), өнөр жай (ky) (önör jay), фирма (ky) (firma), компания (ky) (kompaniya), окуя (ky) (okuya), ишкана (ky) (işkana), скандал (ky) (skandal), чатак (ky) (çatak), жанжал (ky) (janjal), амал (ky) (amal), аракет (ky) (araket), чарба (ky) (çarba), чарбачылык (ky) (çarbaçılık), промысел (ky) (promısel), өнөр жай (ky) (önör jay)
Lao: ທຸລະກິດ (lo) (thu la kit)
Latvian: uzņēmums m
Macedonian: де́јност f (déjnost), бизнис m (biznis)
Malagasy: kanonkanona (mg), raharaha (mg)
Malay: perniagaan
Maori: pakihi
Mongolian: үйлдвэр (mn) (üjldver), компани (mn) (kompani)
Norwegian: forretning m
Occitan: entrepresa (oc) f
Persian: بنگاه تجاری‎ (bongâh-e tejâri), تجارتخانه‎ (fa) (tejâratxâne)
Plautdietsch: Jeschaft n
Polish: interes (pl), firma (pl), biznes (pl), przedsiębiorstwo (pl) n
Portuguese: negócio (pt) m, empresa (pt) f
Romanian: întreprindere (ro) f
Russian: предприя́тие (ru) n (predprijátije), би́знес (ru) m (bíznɛs), компа́ния (ru) f (kompánija), фи́рма (ru) f (fírma)
Serbo-Croatian:
Roman: firma (sh) f, poduzeće n
Sherpa: ཚོང (tshong)
Sinhalese: ව්‍යාපාර (wyāpāra)
Slovak: podnik n, firma (sk), spoločnosť (sk)
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: pśedawarnja f
Spanish: empresa (es) f
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10
Swedish: affärer (sv) c pl
Tagalog: (literally) negosyo
Thai: ธุรกิจ (th) (tú-rá-gìt)
Tibetan: ཚོང་ལས (tshong las)
Ukrainian: підприє́мство (uk) n (pidpryjémstvo), бі́знес (uk) m (bíznes)
Urdu: کاروبار‎ (ur) m (kārobār), ویاپار‎ m (vyāpār)
Vietnamese: doanh nghiệp (vi), doanh thương

occupation, work or trade of a person

Arabic: عَمَل‎ (ar) m (ʿamal), تِجَارَة‎ f (tijāra), مَشْرُوع‎ (ar) m (mašrūʿ)
Egyptian Arabic: شغل‎ m (šuḡl), بزنيس‎ m (beznes)
Burmese: အလုပ် (my) (a.lup), လုပ်ငန်း (my) (lupngan:)
Catalan: negoci (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 商業／商业 (zh) (shāngyè)
Czech: obchod (cs)
Danish: branche c
Dutch: zaken (nl) f pl, zakenleven (nl) n
Estonian: äri
Finnish: ammatti (fi) (occupation), työ (fi) (work), ala (fi) (trade), elinkeino (fi)
French: affaire (fr)
Friulian: negozi m
Hebrew: עסקים‎ m pl ('asaqym)
Hungarian: üzlet (hu)
Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} bisnis (id), ^{(please verify)} urusan (id)
Interlingua: negotios pl, affaires pl
Japanese: 商売 (ja) (しょうばい, shōbai), 取引 (ja) (とりひき, torihiki), 商い (ja) (あきない, akinai), 業務 (ja) (ぎょうむ, gyōmu)
Latin: negōtium n
Latvian: nodarbošanās f pl
Macedonian: занимање (mk) n (zanimanje), работа (mk) f (rabota)
Maltese: negozjant m, negozjanta f
Mongolian: ажил хэрэг (ažil xereg)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: virksomhet (no) m
Occitan: negòci (oc) m
Persian: پیشه‎ (fa) (piša), کار‎ (fa) (kâr), بیاوار‎ (fa) (biyâvâr)
Polish: zajęcie (pl) n, zawód (pl) m
Portuguese: ramo (pt), trabalho (pt) m, negócio (pt) m
Romanian: afacere (ro) f
Russian: заня́тие (ru) n (zanjátije), рабо́та (ru) f (rabóta)
Slovak: biznis, obchod
Spanish: negocio (es) m
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10
Swedish: bransch (sv) c
Telugu: వ్యాపారము (te) (vyāpāramu)
Thai: กงกาง (gong-gaang)

commercial, industrial or professional activity

Chinese:
Mandarin: 買賣／买卖 (zh)
Danish: forretning (da) c
Dutch: vak (nl) n
Esperanto: komerco, afero (eo)
Finnish: liiketoiminta (fi), yritystoiminta (fi), ala (fi), kauppa (fi)
German: Geschäft (de) n
Irish: gnó m
Italian: affari (it) m pl
Khmer: ជំនួញ (km) (cumnuəɲ)
Latvian: bizness m
Lithuanian: verslas m
Malagasy: talidy, kanonkanona (mg)
Maltese: negozju
Manchu: ᡥᡡᡩᠠ (hūda)
Mongolian: бизнес (mn) (biznes)
Navajo: anaanish, naʼiiniʼ
Persian: کار‎ (fa) (kâr), بیزنس‎ (biznes)
Polish: biznes (pl) m
Portuguese: negócio (pt) m
Romanian: afacere (ro)
Russian: би́знес (ru) m (bíznɛs), де́ло (ru) n (délo)
Spanish: negocio (es) m
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10
Swedish: företag (sv) n, affär (sv) c, verksamhet (sv) c
Ukrainian: бізнес (uk) m (biznes)

volume or amount of commercial trade

Dutch: zaken (nl) f pl
Finnish: kauppa (fi), liikevaihto (fi)
Japanese: 景気 (ja) (keiki)
Macedonian: промет m (promet)
Slovak: obchody m pl, zákazky f pl, biznis
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10

patronage

Arabic: رعايَة‎ n
Dutch: klandizie (nl) f
Finnish: asiakkuus (fi)
Malagasy: talidy

private commercial interests taken collectively

Finnish: elinkeinoelämä (fi), yritykset pl
Khmer: ជំនួញ (km) (cumnuəɲ)
Navajo: anaanish, naʼiiniʼ
Slovak: podnikatelia m pl, súkromný sektor
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10

management of commercial enterprises

Finnish: liikkeenjohto, bisnes (fi), liike-elämä (fi)
Slovak: manažment, podnikanie
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10
Swedish: verksamhet (sv) c

particular situation or activity

Burmese: ကိစ္စ (my) (kicca.)
Finnish: asia (fi), juttu (fi), homma (fi), tapaus (fi)
Hebrew: עִנְיָן‎ (he) m ('inyán)
Hungarian: ügy (hu)
Polish: sprawa (pl) f
Russian: де́ло (ru) n (délo), заня́тие (ru) n (zanjátije)
Slovak: vec (sk), záležitosť

objective or a matter needing to be dealt with

Finnish: asia (fi), tehtävä (fi) (task), homma (fi)
Hebrew: עִנְיָן‎ (he) m ('inyán)
Slovak: vec (sk), záležitosť

something involving one personally

Czech: záležitost (cs) f, věc (cs) f
Dutch: zaken (nl) f pl
Finnish: asia (fi)
German: Angelegenheit (de) f
Hebrew: עִנְיָן‎ (he) m ('inyán)
Indonesian: please add this translation if you can
Macedonian: работа (mk) f (rabota)
Malagasy: tadidy (mg)
Mongolian: хэрэг (mn) (xereg)
Ngazidja Comorian: shuhuli
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sak (no) n, anliggende (no) n
Polish: sprawa (pl) f, interes (pl) m
Russian: де́ло (ru) n (délo)
Slovak: vec (sk), starosť
Spanish: asunto (es) m
Swedish: angelägenhet (sv) c, affär (sv) c, sak (sv) c

matters that come before a body for deliberation or action

Finnish: asiat (fi) pl
Swedish: ärende (sv) n, sak (sv) c

business class

Dutch: businessclass (nl) m
Finnish: bisnes (fi)
Polish: biznes (pl) m
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10
Swedish: affärsklass c

action carried out with a prop or piece of clothing

Norwegian:
Bokmål: business m

collective noun for a group of ferrets

Esperanto: furaro
Finnish: lauma (fi)
Swahili: biashara (sw) class 9/10

slang: something very good

Finnish: asia (fi)

slang: excrement

Finnish: asia (fi)
German: Geschäft (de) n

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Norman: ^{(please verify)} tinné m (Jersey)
Welsh: ^{(please verify)} busnes (cy) m or f

Adjective

business

Of, to, pertaining to or utilized for purposes of conducting trade, commerce, governance, advocacy or other professional purposes.
- 1897, Reform Club (New York, N.Y.) Sound Currency Committee, Sound Currency‎, volume 4-5, page cclii:
  They are solely business instruments. Every man's relation to them is purely a business relation. His use of them is purely a business use.
- 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 10, in The China Governess‎:
  With a little manœuvring they contrived to meet on the doorstep which was […] in a boiling stream of passers-by, hurrying business people speeding past in a flurry of fumes and dust in the bright haze.
- 1996, Lawyers Co-operative Publishing Company, American Law Reports: Annotations and Cases‎, volume 35, page 432:
  […] the fact that the injured party came to the insured premises for solely business purposes precluded any reliance on the non-business pursuits exception (§ 1 1 2[b]).
- 2003, Marvin Snider, Compatibility Breeds Success: How to Manage Your Relationship with Your Business Partner‎, page 298:
  Both of these partnerships have to cope with these dual issues in a more complicated way than is the case in solely business partnerships.
Please do not use this phone for personal calls; it is a business phone.
Professional, businesslike, having concern for good business practice.
- 1889, The Clothier and furnisher‎, volume 19, page 38:
  He is thoroughly business, but has the happy faculty of transacting it in a genial and courteous manner.
- 1909, Business Administration: Business Practice‎, La Salle Extension University, page 77:
  […] and the transaction carried through in a thoroughly business manner.
- 1927, “Making of America Project”, in Harper's Magazine‎, volume 154, page 502:
  Sometimes this very subtle contrast becomes only too visible, as when in wartime Jewish business men were almost lynched because they were thoroughly business men and worked for profit.
- 2009, Frank Channing Haddock, Business Power: Supreme Business Laws and Maxims that Win Wealth‎, page 231:
  The moral is evident: do not invest in schemes promising enormous and quick returns unless you have investigated them in a thoroughly business manner.
Supporting business, conducive to the conduct of business.
- 1867, Edmund Hodgson Yates (editor), “Amiens”, in Tinsley's Magazine‎, page 430:
  Amiens is a thoroughly business town, the business being chiefly with the flax-works.
- 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:
  According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them. Often, their victims pay up rather than face the costs of a legal battle.

References

business at OneLook Dictionary Search
business in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
business in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

Czech

Noun

business m

business

Declension

Declension of business

	singular	plural
nominative	business	businessy
genitive	businessu	businessů
dative	businessu	businessům
accusative	business	businessy
vocative	businesse	businessy
locative	businessu, businesse	businessech
instrumental	businessem	businessy

Finnish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English business.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbisnes/, [ˈbis̠ne̞s̠]
IPA^(key): /ˈpisnes/, [ˈpis̠ne̞s̠]
IPA^(key): /ˈbusinesː/, [ˈbus̠ine̞s̠ː]

Noun

business

Alternative spelling of bisnes

Usage notes

It may be advisable to avoid using this term in writing.

Declension

This spelling does not fit nicely into Finnish declension system and is therefore seldom used, and mainly in nominative singular.

Pronunciation "bisnes":

Declension of business (type vastaus)

	singular	plural
nominative	business	bisnekset
genitive	bisneksen	bisneksien bisnesten
partitive	bisnestä	bisneksiä
accusative	business bisneksen	bisnekset
inessive	bisneksessä	bisneksissä
elative	bisneksestä	bisneksistä
illative	bisnekseen	bisneksiin
adessive	bisneksellä	bisneksillä
ablative	bisnekseltä	bisneksiltä
allative	bisnekselle	bisneksille
essive	bisneksenä	bisneksinä
translative	bisnekseksi	bisneksiksi
instructive	–	bisneksin
abessive	bisneksettä	bisneksittä
comitative	–	bisneksineen

Pronunciation "business":

Declension of business (type vastaus)

	singular	plural
nominative	business	businekset
genitive	busineksen	busineksien businesten
partitive	businesta	busineksia
accusative	business busineksen	businekset
inessive	busineksessa	busineksissa
elative	busineksesta	busineksista
illative	businekseen	busineksiin
adessive	busineksella	busineksilla
ablative	businekselta	busineksilta
allative	businekselle	busineksille
essive	busineksena	busineksina
translative	businekseksi	busineksiksi
instructive	–	busineksin
abessive	busineksetta	busineksitta
comitative	–	busineksineen

Synonyms

See Synonyms-section under bisnes

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English business.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /biz.nɛs/
(Quebec) IPA^(key): [bɪz.nɪs]
Audio (file)

Noun

business m (plural business)

business, firm, company
business, affairs

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English business.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbi.znes/, /ˈbi.znis/[1]
Rhymes: -iznes, -iznis

Noun

business m (invariable)

business (commercial enterprise)
Synonyms: affare, affari, impresa

References

business in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Polish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English business.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbiz.nɛs/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -iznɛs
Syllabification: busi‧ness

Noun

business m inan

(business, education) Alternative spelling of biznes

Declension

Declension of business

	singular	plural
nominative	business	businessy
genitive	businessu	businessów
dative	businessowi	businessom
accusative	business	businessy
instrumental	businessem	businessami
locative	businessie	businessach
vocative	businessie	businessy

Romanian

Etymology

From English business.

Noun

business n (plural businessuri)

business

Declension

Declension of business

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) business	businessul	(niște) businessuri	businessurile
genitive/dative	(unui) business	businessului	(unor) businessuri	businessurilor
vocative	businessule		businessurilor

Tatar

Etymology

Borrowed from English business.

Noun

business

business

Declension

declension of business

Nominative	business
Genitive	businessnıñ
Dative	businessga
Accusative	businessnı
Locative	businessda
Ablative	businessdan

References

business dairäläre iğtibarın Tatarstan belän

[1] usiness in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

business

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Translations

Adjective

See also

References

Czech

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Declension

Synonyms

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Italian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Romanian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Tatar

Etymology

Noun

Declension

References