brónach
See also: bronach, brònach, and Brónach
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish brónach; synchronically, brón (“sorrow”) + -ach (adjectival suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈbˠɾˠoːnˠəx/
- (Connacht) IPA(key): /ˈbˠɾˠoːnˠəx/, /ˈbˠɾˠuːnˠəx/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈbˠɾˠoːnˠa(h)/
Adjective
brónach (genitive singular masculine brónaigh, genitive singular feminine brónaí, plural brónacha, comparative brónaí)
- sad, sorrowful
- Synonyms: aiféalach, buartha
Declension
Declension of brónach
| Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | brónach | bhrónach | brónacha; bhrónacha² | |
| Vocative | bhrónaigh | brónacha | ||
| Genitive | brónaí | brónacha | brónach | |
| Dative | brónach; bhrónach¹ | bhrónach; bhrónaigh (archaic) | brónacha; bhrónacha² | |
| Comparative | níos brónaí | |||
| Superlative | is brónaí | |||
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| brónach | bhrónach | mbrónach |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “brónach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “brónach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “brónach” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “brónach” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Old Irish
Etymology
From brón + -ach.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbroːnax/
Adjective
brónach (comparative brónchu)
- sad, sorrowful; grievous
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b18
- "ni brónach donintarrái" glosses refectus est spiritus eius
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 86d7
- bronchu glosses tristiora
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b18
Declension
| o/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | brónach | brónach | brónach |
| Vocative | brónaig* brónach** | ||
| Accusative | brónach | brónaig | |
| Genitive | brónaig | brónaige | brónaig |
| Dative | brónuch | brónaig | brónuch |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | brónaig | brónacha | |
| Vocative | brónachu brónacha† | ||
| Accusative | brónachu brónacha† | ||
| Genitive | brónach | ||
| Dative | brónachaib | ||
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative | ||
Descendants
- Irish: brónach
- Scottish Gaelic: brònach
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| brónach | brónach pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ | mbrónach |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “brónach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language