brocher
See also: Brocher
French
Etymology
From Middle French brocher, from Old French brochier; equivalent to broche + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bʁɔ.ʃe/
Audio (file) Audio (CAN) (file)
Verb
brocher
- (transitive, sewing) to stitch, sew (together)
- (transitive, sewing) to brocade
Conjugation
Conjugation of brocher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | brocher | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | brochant /bʁɔ.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | broché /bʁɔ.ʃe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | broche /bʁɔʃ/ | broches /bʁɔʃ/ | broche /bʁɔʃ/ | brochons /bʁɔ.ʃɔ̃/ | brochez /bʁɔ.ʃe/ | brochent /bʁɔʃ/ |
| imperfect | brochais /bʁɔ.ʃɛ/ | brochais /bʁɔ.ʃɛ/ | brochait /bʁɔ.ʃɛ/ | brochions /bʁɔ.ʃjɔ̃/ | brochiez /bʁɔ.ʃje/ | brochaient /bʁɔ.ʃɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | brochai /bʁɔ.ʃe/ | brochas /bʁɔ.ʃa/ | brocha /bʁɔ.ʃa/ | brochâmes /bʁɔ.ʃam/ | brochâtes /bʁɔ.ʃat/ | brochèrent /bʁɔ.ʃɛʁ/ | |
| future | brocherai /bʁɔʃ.ʁe/ | brocheras /bʁɔʃ.ʁa/ | brochera /bʁɔʃ.ʁa/ | brocherons /bʁɔʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | brocherez /bʁɔʃ.ʁe/ | brocheront /bʁɔʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | brocherais /bʁɔʃ.ʁɛ/ | brocherais /bʁɔʃ.ʁɛ/ | brocherait /bʁɔʃ.ʁɛ/ | brocherions /bʁɔ.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ | brocheriez /bʁɔ.ʃə.ʁje/ | brocheraient /bʁɔʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | broche /bʁɔʃ/ | broches /bʁɔʃ/ | broche /bʁɔʃ/ | brochions /bʁɔ.ʃjɔ̃/ | brochiez /bʁɔ.ʃje/ | brochent /bʁɔʃ/ |
| imperfect2 | brochasse /bʁɔ.ʃas/ | brochasses /bʁɔ.ʃas/ | brochât /bʁɔ.ʃa/ | brochassions /bʁɔ.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ | brochassiez /bʁɔ.ʃa.sje/ | brochassent /bʁɔ.ʃas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | broche /bʁɔʃ/ | — | brochons /bʁɔ.ʃɔ̃/ | brochez /bʁɔ.ʃe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “brocher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Verb
brocher
- Alternative form of brochier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of brocher (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | brocher | avoir broché | |||||
| gerund | en brochant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | brochant | ||||||
| past participle | broché | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | broche | broches | broche | brochons | brochez | brochent |
| imperfect | brochoie, brocheie, brochoe, brocheve | brochoies, brocheies, brochoes, brocheves | brochoit, brocheit, brochot, brocheve | brochiiens, brochiens | brochiiez, brochiez | brochoient, brocheient, brochoent, brochevent | |
| preterite | brochai | brochas | brocha | brochames | brochastes | brocherent | |
| future | brocherai | brocheras | brochera | brocherons | brocheroiz, brochereiz, brocherez | brocheront | |
| conditional | brocheroie, brochereie | brocheroies, brochereies | brocheroit, brochereit | brocheriiens, brocheriens | brocheriiez, brocheriez | brocheroient, brochereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | broche | broches | broche | brochons | brochez | brochent |
| imperfect | brochasse | brochasses | brochast | brochissons, brochissiens | brochissoiz, brochissez, brochissiez | brochassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | broche | — | brochons | brochez | — | ||