brath
English
Alternative forms
- breth, breith, brethe, braith, berth, berthe (Scotland)
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -æθ
Etymology 1
From Middle English brath, broth, braith, from Old Norse bráðr (“hasty, sudden”), from Proto-Germanic *brēþaz (“hot, in a hurry, rushed”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrē-, *bʰerē- (“steam, vapour”), from *bʰer- (“to seethe, toss about, cook”). Cognate with Icelandic bráður (“quick, hasty, excited”), Swedish bråd (“hasty, sudden, urgent”), Danish bråd (“hasty, sudden”). Related to breath, brew.
Adjective
brath (comparative brather or more brath, superlative brathest or most brath)
- (UK dialectal) Hasty; violent; fierce; strong.
Synonyms
- snell
Derived terms
- brathly
Etymology 2
From Middle English brath, from Old Norse bráð (“haste”), from bráðr (“hasty”). See above.
Noun
brath (uncountable)
- (UK dialectal) Violence; fierceness; anger; fury; fit of rage.
Anagrams
- Barth, barth
Irish
Etymology
From Middle Irish brath, from Old Irish mrath (“treachery, betrayal”), from Proto-Celtic *mratom (“deceit”), from Proto-Indo-European *merh₂- (“crumble, destroy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bˠɾˠah/
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /bˠɾˠa/
Noun
brath m (genitive singular as substantive braith, genitive as verbal noun braite)
- verbal noun of braith
- perception, feeling, detection
- spying, betrayal
- expectation, intention; dependence, reliance (with ar (“on”))
- Tá mé ag brath ort.
- I’m relying on you.
Declension
Verbal noun:
Irregular
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
| Forms with the definite article
|
Substantive:
First declension
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
| Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
brath | bhrath | mbrath |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “brath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “brath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*mrato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- Mullen, Alex (2019) Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean: Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 67
- Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Middle Irish brath, from Old Irish mrath (“treachery, betrayal”), from Proto-Celtic *mratom (“deceit”), from Proto-Indo-European *merh₂- (“crumble, destroy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɾah/
Noun
brath m (genitive singular bratha)
- knowledge, notice, informing, information
- treachery, advantage by unfair means, betraying, spying
- treason, betrayal
- intention, design
- pursuit of information
- expectation
- opinion, idea, guess
- mass, lump
- lie
- dependance
Derived terms
- aig sealbh tha brath
- gabh brath
- brath-foilleil
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
brath | bhrath |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “brath”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “brath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*mrato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- Mullen, Alex (2019) Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean: Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
- Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *brazdos, alternative form of *brozdos (“point, tip”) (compare Middle Irish brot (“goad, spike”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰresdʰh₁-, from *bʰers- (“tip, point”). Related to Old Norse broddr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /braːθ/
- Rhymes: -aːθ
Noun
brath m (plural brathau)
- bite, sting, stab
- wound, injury
Derived terms
- brathu
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
brath | frath | mrath | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “brath”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*brozdo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 80