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单词 brand
释义

brand

See also: Brand, bränd, and brænd

English

Etymology

From Middle English brand, from Old English brand (“fire; flame; burning; torch; sword”), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to bubble forth; brew; spew forth; burn”). Cognate with Scots brand, West Frisian brân (“fire”), Dutch brand, German Brand, Swedish brand (“blaze, fire”), Icelandic brandur, French brand (< Germanic). Parallel to e.g. Proto-Slavic *gorěti (“to burn”) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to bubble forth; brew; spew forth; burn”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɹænd/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ænd

Noun

brand (plural brands)

  1. (obsolete, rare) A conflagration; a flame.
    • 1559, Jasper Heywood (translator), Troas
      Goe to prepare the maryages what neede the torchis light? be holde the towres of troy do shyne with brandes that blase full bright.
    • 1559, Jasper Heywood (translator), Troas
      Is yet againe thy brest enflamde, / with brande of venus might
  2. (archaic or poetic) A piece of burning wood or peat, or a glowing cinder.
    To burn something to brands and ashes.
    • 1513, Gavin Douglas, The Eneados
      The fearful brands and bleezes of het fire.
    • 1859-1890, John Gorham Palfrey, History of New England to the Revolutionary War
      Snatching a live brand from a wigwam, Mason threw it on a matted roof.
    • 1835, [Washington Irving], chapter VI, in A Tour on the Prairies (The Crayon Miscellany; no. 1), Philadelphia, Pa.: [Henry Charles] Carey, [Isaac] Lea, & Blanchard, OCLC 557798950, page 47:
      About three o'clock, we came to a recent camping place of the company of rangers: the brands of one of their fires were still smoking; so that, according to the opinion of Beatte, they could not have passed on above a day previously.
    • 1559, Jasper Heywood (translator), Troas
      Or when amid the Grecians shippes, / he threw the brandes of fyre.
  3. (Scotland, Northern England) A torch used for signaling.
  4. (archaic) A sword.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:
      Paradise, so late their happy seat, / Waved over by that flaming brand.
    • 1834 September (date written)​, Alfred Tennyson, “Sir Galahad”, in Poems. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], OCLC 1008064829, stanza I, page 174:
      The shattering trumpet shrilleth high, / The hard brands shiver on the steel, / The splintered spear-shafts crack and fly, / The horse and rider reel: […]
  5. A mark or scar made by burning with a hot iron, especially to mark cattle or to classify the contents of a cask.
    Hyponym: badge
  6. A branding iron.
  7. The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public.
    Synonyms: trademark, logo, brand name, marque, tradename, proprietary name
    • 1999, Bernd Schmitt, Experiential marketing, page 39:
      The Amtrak brand revitalization approach represents one of the most ambitious, comprehensive, and systematic experiential marketing approaches I have ever seen.
    • 2000, Duane E. Knapp, The Brandmindset, page 67:
      In this way, every Citibanker becomes a brand manager and an ambassador of the Citibank brand. ... Indeed, the Citibank brand will "never sleep"
    • 2010, Gayle Soucek, Marshall Field's: The Store That Helped Build Chicago, page 136:
      Mr. Lundgren claimed that Federated had conducted a focus group and the analysis showed that most people were either indifferent to the name change or preferred the Macy's brand.
    • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist‎, volume 408, number 8845:
      Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
  8. A specific product, service, or provider so distinguished.
    Some brands of breakfast cereal contain a lot of sugar.
  9. (by extension) Any specific type or variety of something; a distinct style or manner.
    I didn’t appreciate his particular brand of flattery.
    New Orleans brand sausage; Danish brand ham
    • 2014 November 17, Roger Cohen, “The horror! The horror! The trauma of ISIS [print version: International New York Times, 18 November 2014, p. 9]”, in The New York Times‎:
      [O]ne minute this "Jihadi John" was struggling to get by, and get accepted, in drizzly England, unemployed with a mortgage to pay and a chip on his shoulder, and the next he stands in brilliant Levantine sunlight, where everything is clear and etched, at the vanguard of some Sunni Risorgimento intent on subjecting the world to its murderous brand of Wahhabi Islam.
  10. The public image or reputation and recognized, typical style of an individual or group.
    Synonyms: repute, name, good name
    • 2011, Tom Bevan; Carl M. Cannon, Election 2012: The Battle Begins, Crown, →ISBN:
      The Obama brand had taken a hit two months earlier, when he campaigned for Creigh Deeds in Virginia and Jon Corzine in New Jersey, only to see them both lose.
    • 2012, Start Your Own Personal Concierge Service, Entrepreneur Press, →ISBN, page 104:
      Her brand is edgy, cosmopolitan, and out-of-the-box, so blogging is the perfect, ever-changing match for her.
    • 2019, Sally Thorne, 99 Percent Mine: A Novel, HarperCollins, →ISBN:
      He unplugged my umbilical cord to take a leisurely swig, smirking, watching me turn blue before giving it back. My cardiologist told me that was impossible, but I'm still convinced. That's very on-brand for [my twin] Jamie.
    • 2022 May 14, David Segal, quoting Simon Kuper, “An Outsider Takes an Inside Look at the Oxford ‘Chums’ Who Run the U.K.”, in The New York Times‎, ISSN 0362-4331:
      “We made fun of [Jacob Rees-Mogg] in the paper” — that would be Cherwell, Oxford’s student-run weekly, where Kuper was a reporter — “all the while not realizing that we were helping to build his brand.”
  11. A mark of infamy; stigma.
  12. Any minute fungus producing a burnt appearance in plants.

Derived terms

  • brand avatar
  • brand awareness
  • brand equity
  • brand from the burning
  • brand goose
  • brand image
  • branding
  • branding moment
  • brand-iron
  • brand linkage
  • brand loyalty
  • brand-name
  • brand name
  • brand-new
  • brand parity
  • brand spanking new
  • brand stretch
  • dust-brand
  • ghost brand
  • house brand
  • levin brand
  • maverick brand
  • name brand
  • off brand
  • on-brand
  • own brand
  • personal brand
  • store brand

Translations

marker for cattle — see branding iron
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

brand (third-person singular simple present brands, present participle branding, simple past and past participle branded)

  1. (transitive) To burn the flesh with a hot iron, either as a marker (for criminals, slaves etc.) or to cauterise a wound.
    When they caught him, he was branded and then locked up.
    • 1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 405:
      Man's flesh they eat: their own they paint and sear, / branding with burning iron, — usage fere!
  2. (transitive) To mark (especially cattle) with a brand as proof of ownership.
    The ranch hands had to brand every new calf by lunchtime.
  3. (transitive) To make an indelible impression on the memory or senses.
    Her face is branded upon my memory.
  4. (transitive) To stigmatize, label (someone).
    He was branded a fool by everyone that heard his story.
    • 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter II, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 731476803:
      I had never defrauded a man of a farthing, nor called him knave behind his back. But now the last rag that covered my nakedness had been torn from me. I was branded a blackleg, card-sharper, and murderer.
    • 2011 October 23, Phil McNulty, “Man Utd 1-6 Man City”, in BBC Sport:
      As Ferguson strode briskly towards the Stretford End at the final whistle, he will have been reflecting on the extent of the challenge now facing him from the club he once branded "noisy neighbours".
  5. (transitive, marketing) To associate a product or service with a trademark or other name and related images.
    They branded the new detergent "Suds-O", with a nature scene inside a green O on the muted-colored recycled-cardboard box.

Derived terms

  • cobrand
  • misbrand
  • rebrand

Translations

  • brand new
  • rebrand

See also

  • advertising
  • advertising research
  • copy testing
  • global advertising
  • integrated marketing communications
  • marketing
  • market research
  • picture sort
  • trademark
  • servicemark

References

  • brand at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • brand in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
  • brand in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brant/

Etymology 1

From Dutch brand, from Middle Dutch brant, from Old Dutch *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.

Noun

brand (plural brande, diminutive brandjie)

  1. destructive, catastrophic fire (such as a house fire)
    Daar was 'n vreeslike brand in die wildtuin.
    There was a horrible fire in the nature reserve.

Etymology 2

From Dutch branden, from Middle Dutch branden.

Verb

brand (present brand, present participle brandende, past participle gebrand)

  1. (ergative) to burn
    Die kerse brand so pragtig, dis sprokiesagtig!
    The candles burn so gorgeously, it's picturesque!
    Die kleuter het 'n gat in my tafelkleed gebrand.
    That toddler has burnt a hole in my tablecloth.

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Danish brand, from Old Norse brandr, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz, compare with Swedish brand, English brand, German Brand.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /branˀ/, [ˈb̥ʁɑnˀ]
  • Homophone: brænd

Noun

brand c (singular definite branden, plural indefinite brande)

  1. fire (large, destructive fire, as in a building)
  2. smut (plant disease)
Inflection
Declension of brand
common
gender		SingularPlural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebrandbrandenbrandebrandene
genitivebrandsbrandensbrandesbrandenes
References
  • “brand,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English brand, cognate with the former word.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /braːnd/, [ˈb̥ɹæːnd̥]

Noun

brand n (singular definite brandet, plural indefinite brands)

  1. brand (public image)
  2. brand (a specific product)
Inflection
Declension of brand
neuter
gender		SingularPlural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebrandbrandetbrandsbrandene
genitivebrandsbrandetsbrands'brandenes
References
  • “brand,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /braːnd/, [ˈb̥ɹæːnd̥]

Verb

brand

  1. imperative of brande

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brɑnt/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: brand
  • Rhymes: -ɑnt
  • Homophones: brandt, Brand, Brandt

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch brant, from Old Dutch *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.

Noun

brand m (plural branden, diminutive brandje n)

  1. destructive, catastrophic fire (such as a house fire)
    Die vreselijke brand was veroorzaakt doordat een kleuter met kaarsen speelde.
    That terrible fire originated because a toddler was playing with candles.
Derived terms
  • bosbrand
  • brandbaar
  • branden
  • brandkraan
  • brandmerk
  • brandpunt
  • brandschilderen
  • brandschoon
  • brandstof
  • brandweer
  • brandwond
  • builenbrand
  • heibrand
  • heidebrand
  • hooibrand
  • in brand steken
  • maisbrand
  • oliebrand
  • verbranden
  • wereldbrand
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: brand
  • Negerhollands: bran
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: bran
  • → Sranan Tongo: branti
See also
  • rook
  • vuur

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

brand

  1. first-person singular present indicative of branden
  2. imperative of branden

French

Etymology

From Middle French brand, from Old French brant, from Frankish *brand (“firebrand, flaming sword”), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“firebrand, torch, sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to burn”). Cognate with Old High German brant (“fire, firebrand, burning iron”), Old English brand (“fire, flame, brand, torch, sword, weapon”), Old Norse brandr (“fire, firebrand, sword”). More at English brand.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʁɑ̃/

Noun

brand m (plural brands)

  1. (archaic) a sword

Further reading

  • “brand”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Icelandic

Noun

brand

  1. indefinite accusative singular of brandur

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English brand.

Noun

brand m (invariable)

  1. brand (product symbol)

Middle English

FWOTD – 4 January 2022

Alternative forms

  • braund, brend, brond, broond

Etymology

From Old English brand, brond, from Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brand/, /braːnd/
  • (from OE brond) IPA(key): /brɔnd/, /brɔːnd/

Noun

brand (plural brandes)

  1. fire, flame
  2. burning wood or coal
  3. torch (lit stick)
    • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Apocalips 8:10-11, page 120r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
      And þe þꝛidde aungel trumpide .· ⁊ a greet ſterre bꝛennynge as a litil bꝛond felde fro heuene ⁊ it felde in to þe þꝛidde part of floodis .· ⁊ in to þe wellis of watris ⁊ þe name of þe ſterre is ſeid wermod ⁊ þe þꝛidde part of watris .· was maad in to wermod ⁊ manye men weren deed of þe watris .· for þo weren maad bittir
      And the third angel blew his trumpet, then a great star burning like a little torch fell from heaven; it fell upon a third of [the world's] rivers and water sources. The name of the star is Wormwood, and a third of the [world's] water was turned into wormwood; many people died from that water because it'd been made bitter.
  4. (chiefly poetic) sword, blade
  • branden
  • brandire
  • brandreth
  • braundischen
  • fyr-brand

Descendants

  • English: brand
  • Scots: brand
  • Yola: broan, brone, brand

References

  • “brā̆nd, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse brandr. Doublet of brann.

Noun

brand m (definite singular branden, indefinite plural brandar, definite plural brandane)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  2. (pre-1938) alternative form of brann; fire

References

  • “brand” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brand/

Noun

brand m (plural brands)

  1. (nautical) pitch (movement around the beam axis)

Old Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse brandr.

Noun

brand

  1. fire (occurrence of fire in a certain place)

Descendants

  • Danish: brand

Old English

Alternative forms

  • brond

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brɑnd/

Noun

brand m

  1. firebrand; torch
  2. (poetic) a sword

Declension

Declension of brand (strong a-stem)
CaseSingularPlural
nominativebrandbrandas
accusativebrandbrandas
genitivebrandesbranda
dativebrandebrandum

Descendants

  • Middle English: brand, brond
    • English: brand
    • Scots: brand

Old Norse

Noun

brand

  1. indefinite accusative singular of brandr

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English brand.

Noun

brand n (plural branduri)

  1. brand

Declension

Declension of brand
singularplural
indefinite articulationdefinite articulationindefinite articulationdefinite articulation
nominative/accusative(un) brandbrandul(niște) branduribrandurile
genitive/dative(unui) brandbrandului(unor) branduribrandurilor
vocativebrandulebrandurilor

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish brander, from Old Norse brandr, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu-. A derivative of brinna.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brand/, [bran̪ːd̪]
  • audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -and

Noun

brand c

  1. accidental, uncontrollable fire, conflagration
    Antonym: eld (“controlled fire”)
  2. (archaic, poetic) sword

Declension

Declension of brand 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativebrandbrandenbränderbränderna
Genitivebrandsbrandensbrändersbrändernas

Derived terms

  • bilbrand
  • brandbomb
  • brandfara
  • brandfarlig
  • brandfilt
  • brandförsäkring
  • brandkår
  • brandlarm
  • brandrea
  • brandrisk
  • brandskada
  • brandsläckare
  • gräsbrand
  • husbrand
  • mordbrand
  • skogsbrand
  • zombiebrand

See also

  • brasa
  • eld
  • eldsvåda
  • vådeld
  • vårdkase

References

  • brand in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
  • Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “brand”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Further reading

  • brand in Svensk ordbok.

Yola

Noun

brand

  1. Alternative form of broan
    • 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
      Trippeathès an brand-eyrons war ee-brougkt to a big breal.
      ————————————————

References

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 98
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