accroupir
French
Etymology
a- + croupe + -ir
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.kʁu.piʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
accroupir
- (reflexive) to crouch, squat
- (reflexive, rare, literary) to debase oneself (morally)
- (transitive, rare) to make someone or something crouch or squat
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | accroupir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | accroupissant /a.kʁu.pi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | accroupi /a.kʁu.pi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | accroupis /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupis /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupit /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupissons /a.kʁu.pi.sɔ̃/ | accroupissez /a.kʁu.pi.se/ | accroupissent /a.kʁu.pis/ |
imperfect | accroupissais /a.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | accroupissais /a.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | accroupissait /a.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | accroupissions /a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | accroupissiez /a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | accroupissaient /a.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | accroupis /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupis /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupit /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupîmes /a.kʁu.pim/ | accroupîtes /a.kʁu.pit/ | accroupirent /a.kʁu.piʁ/ | |
future | accroupirai /a.kʁu.pi.ʁe/ | accroupiras /a.kʁu.pi.ʁa/ | accroupira /a.kʁu.pi.ʁa/ | accroupirons /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ | accroupirez /a.kʁu.pi.ʁe/ | accroupiront /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | accroupirais /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | accroupirais /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | accroupirait /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | accroupirions /a.kʁu.pi.ʁjɔ̃/ | accroupiriez /a.kʁu.pi.ʁje/ | accroupiraient /a.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | accroupisse /a.kʁu.pis/ | accroupisses /a.kʁu.pis/ | accroupisse /a.kʁu.pis/ | accroupissions /a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | accroupissiez /a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | accroupissent /a.kʁu.pis/ |
imperfect2 | accroupisse /a.kʁu.pis/ | accroupisses /a.kʁu.pis/ | accroupît /a.kʁu.pi/ | accroupissions /a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | accroupissiez /a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | accroupissent /a.kʁu.pis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | accroupis /a.kʁu.pi/ | — | accroupissons /a.kʁu.pi.sɔ̃/ | accroupissez /a.kʁu.pi.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | s'accroupir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | s'accroupissant /sa.kʁu.pi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant or étant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | accroupi /a.kʁu.pi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | m'accroupis /ma.kʁu.pi/ | t'accroupis /ta.kʁu.pi/ | s'accroupit /sa.kʁu.pi/ | nous accroupissons /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sɔ̃/ | vous accroupissez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.se/ | s'accroupissent /sa.kʁu.pis/ |
imperfect | m'accroupissais /ma.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | t'accroupissais /ta.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | s'accroupissait /sa.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | nous accroupissions /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | vous accroupissiez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | s'accroupissaient /sa.kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | m'accroupis /ma.kʁu.pi/ | t'accroupis /ta.kʁu.pi/ | s'accroupit /sa.kʁu.pi/ | nous accroupîmes /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pim/ | vous accroupîtes /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pit/ | s'accroupirent /sa.kʁu.piʁ/ | |
future | m'accroupirai /ma.kʁu.pi.ʁe/ | t'accroupiras /ta.kʁu.pi.ʁa/ | s'accroupira /sa.kʁu.pi.ʁa/ | nous accroupirons /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ | vous accroupirez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.ʁe/ | s'accroupiront /sa.kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | m'accroupirais /ma.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | t'accroupirais /ta.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | s'accroupirait /sa.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | nous accroupirions /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.ʁjɔ̃/ | vous accroupiriez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.ʁje/ | s'accroupiraient /sa.kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of s'être + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of s'être + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of s'être + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | m'accroupisse /ma.kʁu.pis/ | t'accroupisses /ta.kʁu.pis/ | s'accroupisse /sa.kʁu.pis/ | nous accroupissions /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | vous accroupissiez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | s'accroupissent /sa.kʁu.pis/ |
imperfect2 | m'accroupisse /ma.kʁu.pis/ | t'accroupisses /ta.kʁu.pis/ | s'accroupît /sa.kʁu.pi/ | nous accroupissions /nu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ | vous accroupissiez /vu.z‿a.kʁu.pi.sje/ | s'accroupissent /sa.kʁu.pis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | accroupis-toi /a.kʁu.pi.twa/ | — | accroupissons-nous /a.kʁu.pi.sɔ̃.nu/ | accroupissez-vous /a.kʁu.pi.se.vu/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “accroupir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Verb
accroupir
- to discredit, to dishonour, to ruin
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | accroupir | avoir accroupi | |||||
gerund | en accroupissant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | accroupissant | ||||||
past participle | accroupi | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses | present | accroupis | accroupis | accroupist | accroupissons | accroupissez | accroupissent |
imperfect | accroupissoie, accroupisseie | accroupissoies, accroupisseies | accroupissoit, accroupisseit | accroupissiiens, accroupissiens | accroupissiiez, accroupissiez | accroupissoient, accroupisseient | |
preterite | accroupi | accroupis | accroupi | accroupimes | accroupistes | accroupirent | |
future | accroupirai | accroupiras | accroupira | accroupirons | accroupiroiz, accroupireiz, accroupirez | accroupiront | |
conditional | accroupiroie, accroupireie | accroupiroies, accroupireies | accroupiroit, accroupireit | accroupiriiens, accroupiriens | accroupiriiez, accroupiriez | accroupiroient, accroupireient | |
compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses | present | accroupisse | accroupisses | accroupisse | accroupissons | accroupissez | accroupissent |
imperfect | accroupisse | accroupisses | accroupist | accroupissons, accroupissiens | accroupissoiz, accroupissez, accroupissiez | accroupissent | |
compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | accroupis | — | accroupissons | accroupissez | — |