bouger
French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *bullicāre, a frequentative based on bullīre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bu.ʒe/
audio (file) - Homophones: bougeai, bougé, bougée, bougées, bougés, bougez
Verb
bouger
- to move
- to budge
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written bouge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of bouger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | bouger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | bougeant /bu.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | bougé /bu.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | bouge /buʒ/ | bouges /buʒ/ | bouge /buʒ/ | bougeons /bu.ʒɔ̃/ | bougez /bu.ʒe/ | bougent /buʒ/ |
| imperfect | bougeais /bu.ʒɛ/ | bougeais /bu.ʒɛ/ | bougeait /bu.ʒɛ/ | bougions /bu.ʒjɔ̃/ | bougiez /bu.ʒje/ | bougeaient /bu.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | bougeai /bu.ʒe/ | bougeas /bu.ʒa/ | bougea /bu.ʒa/ | bougeâmes /bu.ʒam/ | bougeâtes /bu.ʒat/ | bougèrent /bu.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | bougerai /buʒ.ʁe/ | bougeras /buʒ.ʁa/ | bougera /buʒ.ʁa/ | bougerons /buʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | bougerez /buʒ.ʁe/ | bougeront /buʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | bougerais /buʒ.ʁɛ/ | bougerais /buʒ.ʁɛ/ | bougerait /buʒ.ʁɛ/ | bougerions /bu.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | bougeriez /bu.ʒə.ʁje/ | bougeraient /buʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | bouge /buʒ/ | bouges /buʒ/ | bouge /buʒ/ | bougions /bu.ʒjɔ̃/ | bougiez /bu.ʒje/ | bougent /buʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | bougeasse /bu.ʒas/ | bougeasses /bu.ʒas/ | bougeât /bu.ʒa/ | bougeassions /bu.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | bougeassiez /bu.ʒa.sje/ | bougeassent /bu.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | bouge /buʒ/ | — | bougeons /bu.ʒɔ̃/ | bougez /bu.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “bouger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- bougre