accourcir
French
Etymology
From Old French acorcier (“to shorten”); morphologically, from a- + court + -ir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.kuʁ.siʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
accourcir
- (archaic) to shorten
- Synonym: raccourcir
- Antonym: allonger
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of accourcir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | accourcir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | accourcissant /a.kuʁ.si.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | accourci /a.kuʁ.si/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | accourcis /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcis /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcit /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcissons /a.kuʁ.si.sɔ̃/ | accourcissez /a.kuʁ.si.se/ | accourcissent /a.kuʁ.sis/ |
imperfect | accourcissais /a.kuʁ.si.sɛ/ | accourcissais /a.kuʁ.si.sɛ/ | accourcissait /a.kuʁ.si.sɛ/ | accourcissions /a.kuʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | accourcissiez /a.kuʁ.si.sje/ | accourcissaient /a.kuʁ.si.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | accourcis /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcis /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcit /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcîmes /a.kuʁ.sim/ | accourcîtes /a.kuʁ.sit/ | accourcirent /a.kuʁ.siʁ/ | |
future | accourcirai /a.kuʁ.si.ʁe/ | accourciras /a.kuʁ.si.ʁa/ | accourcira /a.kuʁ.si.ʁa/ | accourcirons /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɔ̃/ | accourcirez /a.kuʁ.si.ʁe/ | accourciront /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | accourcirais /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | accourcirais /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | accourcirait /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | accourcirions /a.kuʁ.si.ʁjɔ̃/ | accourciriez /a.kuʁ.si.ʁje/ | accourciraient /a.kuʁ.si.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | accourcisse /a.kuʁ.sis/ | accourcisses /a.kuʁ.sis/ | accourcisse /a.kuʁ.sis/ | accourcissions /a.kuʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | accourcissiez /a.kuʁ.si.sje/ | accourcissent /a.kuʁ.sis/ |
imperfect2 | accourcisse /a.kuʁ.sis/ | accourcisses /a.kuʁ.sis/ | accourcît /a.kuʁ.si/ | accourcissions /a.kuʁ.si.sjɔ̃/ | accourcissiez /a.kuʁ.si.sje/ | accourcissent /a.kuʁ.sis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | accourcis /a.kuʁ.si/ | — | accourcissons /a.kuʁ.si.sɔ̃/ | accourcissez /a.kuʁ.si.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- accourcissement
- raccourcir
Further reading
- “accourcir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.