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单词 bolt
释义

bolt

See also: Bolt, Bôłt, bòlt, and bolț

English

a fastening bolt with nut
Bolt-DIN 933-M10-20
Bolt DIN
a door bolt
bolts of fabric
(carrier) bolt of a M16 rifle
bolts of lightning

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /bɒlt/, /bəʊlt/, /bɔʊlt/
  • (US) IPA(key): /boʊlt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -əʊlt, -ɒlt

Etymology 1

From Middle English bolt, from Old English bolt, from Proto-West Germanic *bolt, from Proto-Germanic *bultaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeld- (“to knock, strike”). Compare Lithuanian beldu (“I knock”), baldas (“pole for striking”).[1] Akin to Dutch and West Frisian bout, German Bolz or Bolzen, Danish bolt, Swedish bult, Icelandic bolti.

Noun

bolt (plural bolts)

  1. A (usually) metal fastener consisting of a cylindrical body that is threaded, with a larger head on one end. It can be inserted into an unthreaded hole up to the head, with a nut then threaded on the other end; a heavy machine screw.
  2. A sliding pin or bar in a lock or latch mechanism.
    • 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, “Mr. Badger”, in The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, OCLC 305520, page 69:
      There was the noise of a bolt shot back, and the door opened a few inches, enough to show a long snout and a pair of sleepy blinking eyes.
  3. A bar of wood or metal dropped in horizontal hooks on a door and adjoining wall or between the two sides of a double door, to prevent the door(s) from being forced open.
  4. (military, mechanical engineering) A sliding mechanism to chamber and unchamber a cartridge in a firearm.
  5. A small personal-armour-piercing missile for short-range use, or (in common usage though deprecated by experts) a short arrow, intended to be shot from a crossbow or a catapult.
  6. A lightning spark, i.e., a lightning bolt.
  7. A sudden event, action or emotion.
    The problem's solution struck him like a bolt from the blue.
    • 1994, Stephen Fry, The Hippopotamus Chapter 2
      With a bolt of fright he remembered that there was no bathroom in the Hobhouse Room. He leapt along the corridor in a panic, stopping by the long-case clock at the end where he flattened himself against the wall.
  8. A large roll of fabric or similar material, as a bolt of cloth.
    • 1774 March 24, Stamford Mercury‎:
      Mr. Cole, Basket-maker...has lost near 300 boults of rods
    • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “All Astir”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, OCLC 57395299, page 106:
      Not only were the old sails being mended, but new sails were coming on board, and bolts of canvas, and coils of rigging; in short, everything betokened that the ship's preparations were hurrying to a close.
    1. (nautical) The standard linear measurement of canvas for use at sea: 39 yards.
  9. A sudden spring or start; a sudden leap aside.
    The horse made a bolt.
  10. A sudden flight, as to escape creditors.
    • 1887, Charles Reade and Compton Reade, Charles Reade, Dramatist, Novelist, Journalist: A Memoir
      This gentleman was so hopelessly involved that he contemplated a bolt to America — or anywhere.
  11. (US, politics) A refusal to support a nomination made by the party with which one has been connected; a breaking away from one's party.
  12. An iron to fasten the legs of a prisoner; a shackle; a fetter.
    • 1594 (first publication), Christopher Marlow[e], The Trovblesome Raigne and Lamentable Death of Edvvard the Second, King of England: […], London: […] [Eliot’s Court Press] for Henry Bell, […], published 1622, OCLC 837836359, (please specify the page):
      He shall to prison, and there die in boults.
    • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
      Away with him to prison! Lay bolts enough upon him:
  13. A burst of speed or efficiency.
    • 2018 June 17, Barney Ronay, “Mexico’s Hirving Lozano stuns world champions Germany for brilliant win”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, ISSN 0261-3077, OCLC 229952407, archived from the original on 5 August 2019:
      In the event they lacked a proper midfield bolt, with Toni Kroos and Sami Khedira huffing around in pursuit of the whizzing green machine. The centre-backs looked flustered, left to deal with three on two as Mexico broke. Löw’s 4-2-3-1 seemed antiquated and creaky, with the old World Cup shark Thomas Müller flat-footed in a wide position.
  14. A stalk or scape (of garlic, onion, etc).
    • 2013, Wong Yoon Wah, Durians Are Not the Only Fruit: Notes from the Tropics, Epigram Books, →ISBN:
      All kinds of vegetables may be used as a topping, but the best are strongly flavoured ones without too much moisture, such as celery, garlic bolts, chives, scallions, or various beans (long beans, green beans etc.) ...
    • 2017, Adam Brookes, The Spy's Daughter, Redhook, →ISBN:
      She ordered Cat's Ear Noodles heaped with garlic bolts and tomatoes, the broth thick with cumin, laced with black vinegar. The girl caught her accent, the sibilant sing-song of the south, and smiled, tilting her head questioningly.
Derived terms
  • Allen bolt
  • birdbolt
  • bolt action, bolt-action
  • bolt bucket
  • bolt circle
  • bolt cropper
  • boltcutter, bolt cutter
  • bolt from the blue, bolt out of the blue
  • bolthead
  • bolthole, bolt-hole
  • boltless
  • boltrope, bolt rope, bolt-rope
  • bolt thrower
  • carriage bolt
  • climbing bolt
  • coach bolt
  • compact bolt cutter
  • deadbolt
  • dogbolt
  • drag bolt
  • drawbolt
  • driftbolt
  • drivebolt
  • elf-bolt
  • elf bolt
  • eyebolt, eye bolt
  • firebolt
  • fishbolt
  • fox bolt
  • garnish bolt
  • head-bolt
  • head bolt
  • head bolt heater
  • head-bolt heater
  • hex head bolt
  • jag bolt
  • key bolt
  • kingbolt
  • lightning bolt
  • lockbolt
  • lug bolt
  • mini bolt cutter
  • molly bolt
  • nut behind the bolt
  • rambolt
  • ringbolt
  • roller bolt
  • setbolt
  • shackle bolt
  • shoe bolt
  • shoot one's bolt
  • shoulder bolt
  • sluice one's bolt
  • socket bolt
  • soldering bolt
  • staybolt
  • stud bolt
  • superbolt
  • tap bolt
  • throat-bolt
  • thunderbolt
  • toggle bolt
  • U-bolt
  • wringbolt


Descendants
  • → Japanese: ボルト
  • → Russian: болт (bolt)
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
  • arrow
  • dart
  • nut
  • screw

Verb

bolt (third-person singular simple present bolts, present participle bolting, simple past and past participle bolted)

  1. To connect or assemble pieces using a bolt.
    Bolt the vice to the bench.
  2. To secure a door by locking or barring it.
    Bolt the door.
    • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “The Advocate”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, OCLC 57395299, page 122:
      If that double-bolted land, Japan, is ever to become hospitable, it is the whale-ship alone to whom the credit will be due; for already she is on the threshold.
  3. (intransitive) To flee, to depart, to accelerate suddenly.
    Seeing the snake, the horse bolted.
    The actor forgot his line and bolted from the stage.
    • 1627, Michaell Drayton [i.e., Michael Drayton], “Nimphidia. The Court of Fayrie.”, in The Battaile of Agincourt. […], London: […] A[ugustine] M[atthews] for VVilliam Lee, […], published 1631, OCLC 1011821086, page 178:
      This Pucke ſeems but a dreaming dolt, / Still vvalking like a ragged Colt, / And oft out of a buſh doth bolt, / Of purpoſe to deceiue vs, / And leading vs makes vs to ſtray.
    • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, Sydney: Ure Smith, published 1962, OCLC 751607287, page 87:
      Bradly was embarrassed, detected in the character of a snooper. But he had to come on, short of bolting back in his tracks.
  4. (transitive) To cause to start or spring forth; to dislodge (an animal being hunted).
    to bolt a rabbit
  5. To strike or fall suddenly like a bolt.
    • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], OCLC 228732398, page 98:
      His cloudleſs thunder bolted on thir heads.
  6. (intransitive) To escape.
  7. (intransitive, botany, of lettuce, spinach, garlic, onion, etc) To produce flower stalks and flowers or seeds quickly or prematurely; to form a bolt (stalk or scape); to go to seed.
    Lettuce and spinach will bolt as the weather warms up.
    • 1982, Dorothy Hinshaw Patent, Diane E. Bilderback, Garden Secrets: A Guide to Understanding how Your Garden Grows and how You Can Help it Grow Even Better, →ISBN:
      When an onion bolts and forms a flower stalk, the stem grows right up through the neck, forming a tough, fibrous tube that pierces the center of the bulb. The plant channels all its energy into this flower stalk, so no more fleshy  […]
    • 1995, Anne Raver, “Gandhi Gardening”, in Deep in the Green: An Exploration of Country Pleasures, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN:
      To be honest, this hasn't been my Garden of Eden year. […] The lettuce turned bitter and bolted. The Green Comet broccoli was good, but my coveted Romanescos never headed up.
    • 2011, Trina Clickner, A Miscellany of Garlic: From Paying Off Pyramids and Scaring Away Tigers to Inspiring Courage and Curing Hiccups, the Unusual Power Behind the World's Most Humble Vegetable, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
      Hardneck garlic bolts, which means it produces a single flower stalk, also known as a scape. It is considered to be far tastier and “gourmet.” You can find hardneck garlic mainly at farmers' markets […]
  8. To swallow food without chewing it.
    • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 64, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, OCLC 57395299, page 327:
      Though amid all the smoking horror and diabolism of a sea-fight, sharks will be seen longingly gazing up to the ship’s decks, like hungry dogs round a table where red meat is being carved, ready to bolt down every killed man that is tossed to them;
    • 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Geographical Distribution”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], OCLC 1029641431, page 362:
      Some hawks and owls bolt their prey whole, and after an interval of from twelve to twenty hours, disgorge pellets, which, as I know from experiments made in the Zoological Gardens, include seeds capable of germination.
  9. To drink one's drink very quickly; to down a drink.
    Come on, everyone, bolt your drinks; I want to go to the next pub!
  10. (US, politics) To refuse to support a nomination made by a party or caucus with which one has been connected; to break away from a party.
  11. To utter precipitately; to blurt or throw out.
    • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, OCLC 228715864; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, OCLC 1113942837, line 760, page 26:
      I hate when vice can bolt her arguments.
Derived terms
  • boltable
  • bolt-on
  • rebolt
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

bolt (not comparable)

  1. Suddenly; straight; unbendingly.
    The soldiers stood bolt upright for inspection.
    • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, OCLC 2057953:
      [He] came bolt up against the heavy dragoon.
Derived terms
  • bolt upright

References

  1. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bolt?s=t

Etymology 2

From Middle English bulten, from Anglo-Norman buleter, Old French bulter (modern French bluter), from a Germanic source originally meaning "bag, pouch" cognate with Middle High German biuteln (“to sift”), from Proto-Germanic *buzdô (“beetle, grub, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰūs- (“to move quickly”). Cognate with Dutch buidel.

Verb

bolt (third-person singular simple present bolts, present participle bolting, simple past and past participle bolted)

  1. To sift, especially through a cloth.
  2. To sift the bran and germ from wheat flour.
    Graham flour is unbolted flour; in contrast, some other flours have been bolted.
  3. To separate, assort, refine, or purify by other means.
    • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:
      ill schooled in bolted language
    • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], OCLC 228727523:
      Time and Nature will Bolt out the Truth of Things.
  4. (law) To discuss or argue privately, and for practice, as cases at law.
    • 1781, “The History and Antiquities of the Four Inns of Court”, in The Monthly Review:
      […] the old habits of mooting or bolting caſes (i.e. of public disputations), might make the ſtudent more ſubtle and acute
Derived terms
  • bolt to the bran
  • unbolted

Noun

bolt (plural bolts)

  1. A sieve, especially a long fine sieve used in milling for bolting flour and meal; a bolter.
    • 1885, Canada. Patent Office, The Canadian Patent Office Record and Register of Copyrights and Trade Marks, page 279:
      The combination, in a flour bolt, of a reel head having a throat near its outer edge for the passage of the tailings and a series of revolving adjustable beaters, substantially as set forth.
    • 1886, The Mechanical News, page 120:
      We have a number of these reels in different mills that are bolting the break flour direct from the scalping reels and scalped through No. 8 cloth. […] Now, gentlemen, they require a much less number to do a given amount of work than any other known machine or bolt, and require less space and power.
    • 1896, United States. Patent Office, Decisions of the Commissioner of Patents and of the United States Courts in Patent and Trade-mark and Copyright Cases., page 493:
      As the material is agitated by the motion of the bolt, the flour falls through, while the smaller particles of bran are taken up by the current of air and carried off.

References

  • bolt at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

  • blot, blót

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian болт (bolt), from English bolt.

Noun

bolt (definite accusative boltu, plural boltlar)

  1. bolt, screw

Declension

    Declension of bolt
singularplural
nominativebolt
boltlar
definite accusativeboltu
boltları
dativebolta
boltlara
locativeboltda
boltlarda
ablativeboltdan
boltlardan
definite genitiveboltun
boltların
    Possessive forms of bolt
nominative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumboltlarım
sənin (“your”)boltunboltların
onun (“his/her/its”)boltuboltları
bizim (“our”)boltumuzboltlarımız
sizin (“your”)boltunuzboltlarınız
onların (“their”)boltu or boltlarıboltları
accusative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumuboltlarımı
sənin (“your”)boltunuboltlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)boltunuboltlarını
bizim (“our”)boltumuzuboltlarımızı
sizin (“your”)boltunuzuboltlarınızı
onların (“their”)boltunu or boltlarınıboltlarını
dative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumaboltlarıma
sənin (“your”)boltunaboltlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)boltunaboltlarına
bizim (“our”)boltumuzaboltlarımıza
sizin (“your”)boltunuzaboltlarınıza
onların (“their”)boltuna or boltlarınaboltlarına
locative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumdaboltlarımda
sənin (“your”)boltundaboltlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)boltundaboltlarında
bizim (“our”)boltumuzdaboltlarımızda
sizin (“your”)boltunuzdaboltlarınızda
onların (“their”)boltunda or boltlarındaboltlarında
ablative
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumdanboltlarımdan
sənin (“your”)boltundanboltlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)boltundanboltlarından
bizim (“our”)boltumuzdanboltlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)boltunuzdanboltlarınızdan
onların (“their”)boltundan or boltlarındanboltlarından
genitive
singularplural
mənim (“my”)boltumunboltlarımın
sənin (“your”)boltununboltlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)boltununboltlarının
bizim (“our”)boltumuzunboltlarımızın
sizin (“your”)boltunuzunboltlarınızın
onların (“their”)boltunun or boltlarınınboltlarının

Further reading

  • “bolt” in Obastan.com.

Danish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈb̥ʌlˀd̥]
  • Homophone: bold

Etymology 1

From Low German bolt, from Middle Low German bolte, from Old Saxon bolt, from Proto-West Germanic *bolt.

Noun

bolt c (singular definite bolten, plural indefinite bolte)

  1. a bolt (threaded)
Derived terms
  • bolte (verb)
  • skrue (screw or bolt)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

bolt

  1. imperative of bolte

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian volta (“vault”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈbolt]
  • Rhymes: -olt

Noun

bolt (plural boltok)

  1. (GB) shop, (US) store (especially applied to relatively small shops in the countryside)
    Synonyms: üzlet, áruház, kereskedés, árus
    Hyponyms: ábécé, butik, cukrászda, diszkont, étterem, gyógyszertár, kávézó, kocsma, közért, papír-írószer, pékség, piac, pláza, presszó, szalon(as a second element in compounds), teázó, trafik, újságos, vendéglő, zöldséges(see also the compound words containing -bolt with the sense ’shop/store’ below)
  2. (folksy) Synonym of élelmiszerbolt, közért (“grocery store”).
  3. (informal) deal (a particular instance of trading [buying or selling; exchanging; bartering]; a transaction)
  4. vault
    Synonyms: boltozat, boltív, bolthajtás

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativeboltboltok
accusativeboltotboltokat
dativeboltnakboltoknak
instrumentalbolttalboltokkal
causal-finalboltértboltokért
translativebolttáboltokká
terminativeboltigboltokig
essive-formalboltkéntboltokként
essive-modal——
inessiveboltbanboltokban
superessiveboltonboltokon
adessiveboltnálboltoknál
illativeboltbaboltokba
sublativeboltraboltokra
allativebolthozboltokhoz
elativeboltbólboltokból
delativeboltrólboltokról
ablativebolttólboltoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular		boltéboltoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		boltéiboltokéi
Possessive forms of bolt
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.boltomboltjaim
2nd person sing.boltodboltjaid
3rd person sing.boltjaboltjai
1st person pluralboltunkboltjaink
2nd person pluralboltotokboltjaitok
3rd person pluralboltjukboltjaik

Derived terms

  • bolti
  • boltos
  • boltozat
Compound words with a meaning unrelated to shops/stores
  • boltív
  • égbolt
  • mennybolt
  • sírbolt
Compound words with the sense ’shop/store’: types of shop [hyponyms aside from those supplied above]
  • adománybolt
  • ajándékbolt
  • autósbolt
  • barkácsbolt
  • cipőbolt
  • dohánybolt
  • édességbolt
  • élelmiszerbolt
  • húsbolt
  • illatszerbolt
  • italbolt
  • írószerbolt
  • játékbolt
  • kenyérbolt
  • könyvesbolt
  • márkabolt
  • mintabolt
  • papírbolt
  • porcelánbolt
  • ruhabolt
  • szakbolt
  • vegyesbolt
  • virágbolt
  • zöldségbolt
Compound words with the sense ’shop/store’: other compounds
  • boltkóros
  • boltvezető

(Note: Most compounds with üzlet as an affix in the sense ’shop/store’ can be expressed with bolt.)

Further reading

  • (vault): bolt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (shop, store): bolt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • bolt in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Low German bolt.

Noun

bolt m (definite singular bolten, indefinite plural bolter, definite plural boltene)

  1. a bolt (threaded)
Derived terms
  • bolte (verb)
  • skrue (screw or bolt)

Verb

bolt

  1. imperative of bolte

References

  • “bolt” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Norwegian boltr, from Middle Low German bolte.

Noun

bolt m (definite singular bolten, indefinite plural boltar, definite plural boltane)

  1. a bolt (threaded)

Derived terms

  • bolte (verb)
  • skrue (screw or bolt)

References

  • “bolt” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bolt.

Compare Lithuanian beldu (“I knock”), baldas (“pole for striking”).[1] Akin to Dutch bout, German Bolz or Bolzen, Danish bolt, Icelandic bolti.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bolt/, [boɫt]

Noun

bolt m

  1. bolt

Declension

Declension of bolt (strong a-stem)
CaseSingularPlural
nominativeboltboltas
accusativeboltboltas
genitiveboltesbolta
dativebolteboltum

Descendants

  • Middle English: bolt
    • English: bolt

References

  1. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bolt?s=t
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