bod

See also: Bod, BOD, böd, bød, and boð

Translingual

Symbol

bod

(international standards) ISO 639-2/T & ISO 639-3 language code for Tibetan.

English

Etymology

Clipping of body. The "person" sense may alternatively derive from Scottish Gaelic bodach (“old man”) via Scots.[1]

Pronunciation

(General American) IPA^(key): /bɑd/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /bɒd/
Audio (AU) (file)
Rhymes: -ɒd

Noun

bod (plural bods)

(slang) The body.
Fred likes to keep his bod in shape.
- 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, OCLC 246633669, PC, scene: Chora's Den, Citadel:
  Harkin: Hey there, sweetheart. You looking for some fun? 'Cause I gotta say that soldier getup looks real good on that bod of yours.
(slang) A person.
- 2005, Richard Templar, The Rules of Management (page 73)
  There were cameras covering car parks, offices, corridors and storage areas in the basement. Result. The security bods started watching as if their lives depended on it.
- 2021 December 29, Stephen Roberts, “Stories and Facts behind railway plaques: Reading (1840)”, in RAIL, number 947, page 56:
  People such as William James and the Stephensons (with whom he collaborated) may have been the movers and shakers of the early railways, but there was other, less exalted bods who constructed all the paraphernalia - including stations.

Derived terms

dad bod
mom bod
odd bod, odd-bod

References

Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, "bod (noun)"

Anagrams

DOB, dob

Czech

FWOTD – 21 March 2021

Etymology

From Old Czech bod, from Proto-Slavic *bodъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈbot]
audio (file)

Noun

bod m

(geometry) point
(temperature) point
bod mrazu ― freezing point
item (of an agenda)
(sports) point, mark
stab
- 1866, Josef Bojislav Pichl (translator), Don Quijote de la Mancha‎, Praha: I. L. Kober, translation of original by Miguel de Cervantes, page 34:
  Na moutě duchu! zvolal po těch slovích Sancho; ať nedím tři tisíce šlehů, ale ani tři si nedám, jako nedal bych si tři body dýkou.
  "By all that's good," exclaimed Sancho at this, "I'll just as soon give myself three stabs with a dagger as three, not to say three thousand, lashes.

Declension

Declension of bod

	singular	plural
nominative	bod	body
genitive	bodu	bodů
dative	bodu	bodům
accusative	bod	body
vocative	bode	body
locative	bodu, bodě	bodech
instrumental	bodem	body

Derived terms

bod mrazu
bodovat
bodování
bodový
bod tání
bod varu
bod vzplanutí
opěrný bod
rosný bod
trestný bod
uzlový bod
vybodovat

Related terms

bodat, pobodat, probodat, ubodat, zabodat
bodání
bodnout, probodnout, vybodnout, zabodnout
nabodeníčko

Anagrams

dob

Danish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /boːˀð/, [ˈb̥oˀð], [ˈb̥oðˀ]
Rhymes: -oːð

Etymology 1

From Old Danish bōð, from Old East Norse bóð, from Proto-Germanic *bōþō (“building, dwelling”), cognate with Old West Norse búð, English booth, German Bude.

Noun

bod c (singular definite boden, plural indefinite boder)

booth, stall
shop

Inflection

Declension of bod

common gender	Singular		Plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bod	boden	boder	boderne
genitive	bods	bodens	boders	bodernes

Etymology 2

From Old Norse bót, from Proto-Germanic *bōtō (“improvement, atonement”), cognate with Swedish bot, English boot, German Buße, Dutch boete. Doublet of bøde.

Noun

bod c (singular definite boden, not used in plural form)

fine
penance

Usage notes

Now especially in the phrases gøre bod, råde bod.

Inflection

Declension of bod

common gender	Singular
common gender	indefinite	definite
nominative	bod	boden
genitive	bods	bodens

Derived terms

mandebod (“wergeld”)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch bot, from Old Dutch *bot, from Proto-Germanic *budą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɔt/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: bod
Rhymes: -ɔt

Noun

bod n (plural boden, diminutive bodje n)

order
offer

Derived terms

aanbod
aan bod komen
gebod
opbod
verbod

Descendants

→ Sranan Tongo: bot

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish bot (“tail; penis”), from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”) (cf. Welsh both (“hub”), Breton bod (“bush, shrub”)), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”).

Pronunciation

(Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /bˠɔd̪ˠ/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /bˠʌd̪ˠ/

Noun

bod m (genitive singular boid, nominative plural boid)

penis
Synonym: cuideog (euphemistic)
(archaic) churl, boor, lout

Declension

Declension of bod

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bod	boid
Vocative	a bhoid	a bhoda
Genitive	boid	bod
Dative	bod	boid

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an bod	na boid
Genitive	an bhoid	na mbod
Dative	leis an mbod don bhod	leis na boid

Derived terms

bodach (“lusty, virile”, adjective)
bod an bhóthair (“vagrant, tramp”)
bodán (“cat's-tail grass”)
bod ar dris (“stonechat”)
bod bréige (“dildo”)
bodchú (“mongrel hound”)
bod donn, bod rua (“cod”)
bod gadhair (“cuckoo-pint”)
bod gaoithe (“kestrel”)
bod gorm (“goldsinny”)
bodmhadra (“mongrel dog”)
bod mór (“ling”)
bod na dtor (“blackcap; vagrant, tramp”)
bodúil (“coarse, rough; churlish, rude, surly”, adjective)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bod	bhod	mbod
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old West Norse boð, from Proto-Germanic *budą (“offer, message”), cognate with Icelandic boð, Dutch bod, German Gebot.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɔː/, /bɔːd/

Noun

bod n (definite singular bodet, indefinite plural bod, definite plural boda)

message
Synonym: melding
Eg kjem med bod.
I come with a message.
offer
(in compounds) messenger, delivery man
Postbod ― Mailman

Derived terms

bodskap
tilbod
postbod

References

“bod” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *budą. Cognate with Old Norse boð.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bod/

Verb

bod n (nominative plural bodu)

a command, mandate, precept, order; bidding

Declension

Declension of bod (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	bod	bodu
accusative	bod	bodu
genitive	bodes	boda
dative	bode	bodum

Derived terms

forbod
ġebod

Descendants

Middle English: bod
- English: bode

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French baud, named after French telegraph engineer and inventor Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɔt/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɔt
Syllabification: bod
Homophone: bot

Noun

bod m inan

(computing, telecommunications) baud

Declension

Declension of bod

	singular	plural
nominative	bod	body
genitive	bodu	bodów
dative	bodowi	bodom
accusative	bod	body
instrumental	bodem	bodami
locative	bodzie	bodach
vocative	bodzie	body

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish bot (“tail; penis”), from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pɔt/

Noun

bod m (genitive singular boid, plural boid)

(anatomy) penis

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
bod	bhod
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *bodъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bôːd/

Noun

bȏd m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑д)

sting (with a needle or a sharp object)
(embroidery, knitting) stitch
(sports) point

Declension

Declension of bod

	singular	plural
nominative	bȏd	bódovi
genitive	boda	bodova
dative	bodu	bodovima
accusative	bod	bodove
vocative	bode	bodovi
locative	bodu	bodovima
instrumental	bodom	bodovima

Synonyms

(point): poen

Related terms

bȍsti

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English baud.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bôːd/

Noun

bȏd m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑д)

baud

Declension

Declension of bod

	singular	plural
nominative	bȏd	bódovi
genitive	boda	bodova
dative	bodu	bodovima
accusative	bod	bodove
vocative	bode	bodovi
locative	bodu	bodovima
instrumental	bodom	bodovima

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish boþ, from Old Norse bóð (Compare Old West Norse búð), from Proto-Germanic *bōþō (“dwelling”).

Noun

bod c

a shed, a shack, a small building
Synonym: skjul
a shop, a boutique
Synonym: butik

Declension

Declension of bod
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	bod	boden	bodar	bodarna
Genitive	bods	bodens	bodars	bodarnas

Derived terms

bagarbod
bodbiträde
bodknodd

bodlucka
kornbod
redskapsbod

slaktarbod
vedbod
visthusbod

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from German Brot, English bread and Dutch brood.

Noun

bod (nominative plural bods)

bread

Declension

declension of bod

	singular	plural
nominative	bod	bods
genitive	boda	bodas
dative	bode	bodes
accusative	bodi	bodis
vocative ¹	o bod!	o bods!
predicative ²	bodu	bodus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

bodabrekül
bodakrut
bodaplatot
bodaramar
bodasup
bodated
bodatoed
boded
bodel
bodibak
bodik
bodiär

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh bot, from Proto-Celtic *butā (cf. Cornish bos, Breton bout), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become”); all the b- initial forms are from the same root. The vowel-initial forms as well as sy(dd) are from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”).

The present-progressive forms with yd- (ydwyf, etc.), and hence the colloquial present-affirmative forms with d- (dw, etc.), are from the affirmative particle yd.[1] Colloquial affirmative forms with r- (rwyt, roeddwn, etc.) are from the affirmative particle yr. Colloquial negative forms with d- (dydw, does, doeddwn, etc.) are from the negative particle nid.

The third-person singular present mae originally meant ‘here is’ and is from the same source as yma (“here”) plus Proto-Celtic *esti. The third-person plural maent (colloquial maen) is derived from the singular by adding the third-person plural verb ending -nt.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /boːd/
Rhymes: -oːd

Verb

bod (first-person singular present wyf)

to be
there be (there is, there are etc.)
(auxiliary)
1. Used with yn to form various tenses with progressive or stative meaning
2. Used with wedi to form various tenses with perfect meaning
that... is, that... are, etc. (personal forms: (fy) mod i, (dy) fod di, (ei) fod e/o, (ei) bod hi, (ein) bod ni, (eich) bod chi, (eu) bod nhw)
Dw i’n meddwl (ei) bod hi’n ddoniol. ― I think that she’s funny.
Mae hi’n meddwl (fy) mod i’n dod. ― She thinks that I’m coming.
Roedd Eleri yn dweud (dy) fod di’n sâl. ― Eleri was saying you were ill.

Usage notes

Bod is the primary auxiliary verb in Welsh, used to form a great number of periphrastic tenses; see Appendix:Welsh conjugation.
The two conditional tense stems bydd- and bas- can be opted between freely, although bas- is more common when used alongside a counterfactual in (pe) tas-.
The preterite is relatively rare and mostly interchangeable with the imperfect.
In the tenses given here, all forms of bod must be linked to a noun, adjective or verb with yn, wedi, or some other similar particle.
The existential sense ("there is") uses the distinct interrogative form oes and negative does, however the affirmative mae is the same as the main verb, as are all non-present tenses.
Bod introduces a subordinate clause only when the corresponding main clause would begin with a form of bod (the verb "to be") in the present or imperfect tense (including perfect and pluperfect clauses with wedi).
Nouns are preceded with bod, or fod if the preceding verb is conjugated.

Conjugation

Literary forms	singular			plural			impersonal
Literary forms	first	second	third	first	second	third	impersonal
present progressive	wyf, ydwyf	wyt, ydwyt	mae; yw, ydyw, ydy, ydi; oes; sydd, sy	ŷm, ydym	ŷch, ydych	maent; ŷnt, ydynt	ys, ydys
present habitual/future	byddaf	byddi	bydd	byddwn	byddwch	byddant	byddir, byddys
imperfect/conditional	oeddwn	oeddit, oeddet	oedd, ydoedd	oeddem	oeddech	oeddynt, oeddent	oeddid
imperfect habitual	byddwn	byddit	byddai	byddem	byddech	byddent	byddid
preterite	bûm	buost	bu	buom	buoch	buont, buant	buwyd
pluperfect	buaswn	buasit	buasai	buasem	buasech	buasent	buasid, buesid
counterfactual plup. forms combined with pe	petaswn	petasit	petasai	petasem	petasech	petasent	—
present subjunctive	bwyf, byddwyf	bych, byddych, byddech	bo, byddo	bôm, byddom	boch, byddoch	bônt, byddont	bydder
imperfect subjunctive	bawn, byddwn	bait, baet, byddit, byddet	bai, bae, byddai	baem, byddem	baech, byddech	baent, byddent	byddid
counterfactual impf. subj. forms combined with pe	petawn	petait, petaet	petai	petaem	petaech	petaent	—
imperative	—	bydd, bydda	bydded, boed, bid	byddwn	byddwch	byddent	bydder
verbal noun	bod
verbal adjectives	bodedig bodadwy

Colloquial forms		singular			plural
Colloquial forms		first	second	third	first	second	third
present	affirmative	dw i, dwi, rw i, rwy, w i	rwyt ti	mae e/o/hi, ma' fe; ydy, yw; sy	dyn ni, dan ni, ŷn ni	dach chi, ych chi, dych chi	maen nhw
	negative	dydw i ddim, dw i ddim, w i ddim, sa i	dwyt ti ddim, ti ddim, so ti	dydy e/o/hi ddim, tydy o/hi ddim, dyw e/hi ddim, so fe/hi; does dim; sy ddim	dyn ni ddim, dydyn ni ddim, dan ni ddim, dydan ni ddim, ŷn ni ddim, so ni	dydych chi ddim, dach chi ddim, dydach chi ddim, ych chi ddim, chi ddim, so chi	dydyn nhw ddim, ŷn nhw ddim, so nhw
	interrogative	ydw i	wyt ti	ydy e/o/hi, yw e/hi; oes; sy	ydan ni, ŷn ni	ydych chi, dach chi, ydach chi, ych chi	ydyn nhw, ŷn nhw
imperfect	affirmative	roeddwn i, o’n i	roeddet ti, o’t ti	roedd e/o/hi, oedd e/o/hi, o’dd e/o/hi	roedden ni, o’n ni	roeddech chi, o’ch chi	roedden nhw, o’n nhw
	negative	doeddwn i ddim, o’n i ddim, do’n i ddim	doeddet ti ddim, o’t ti ddim, do’t ti ddim	doedd e/o/hi ddim, oedd e/o/hi ddim, o’dd e/o/hi ddim, do’dd e/o/hi ddim	doedden ni ddim, o’n ni ddim, do’n ni ddim	doeddech chi ddim, o’ch chi ddim, do’ch chi ddim	doedden nhw ddim, o’n nhw ddim, do’n nhw ddim
	interrogative	oeddwn i, o’n i	oeddet ti, o’t ti	oedd e/o/hi, oedd e/o/hi, o’dd e/o/hi	oedden ni, o’n ni	oeddech chi, o’ch chi	oedden nhw, o’n nhw
preterite		bues i	buest ti	buodd e/o/hi; bu	buon ni	buoch chi	buon nhw
future		bydda i, ’dda i	byddi di	bydd e/o/hi	byddwn ni	byddwch chi	byddan nhw
conditional		byddwn i; baswn i, swn i	byddet ti; baset ti, set ti	byddai fe/fo/hi; basai fe/fo/hi, sa fo/hi, se fe/hi	bydden ni; basen ni, sen ni	byddech chi; basech chi, sech chi	bydden nhw; basen nhw, sen nhw
counterfactual cond. forms used after optional pe		taswn i, bawn i, tawn i	taset ti, baet ti, taet ti	tasai fe/fo/hi, bai fe/fo/hi, tai fe/fo/hi	tasen ni, baen ni, taen ni	tasech chi, baech chi, taech chi	tasen nhw, baen nhw, taen nhw
imperative		—	bydd, bydda	—	—	byddwch	—

Derived terms

bod am (“to want”)
bod gan, bod gyda (indicates possession)
darbod (“take care of”, verb)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
bod	fod	mod	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 219 ii 1

bod

Translingual

Symbol

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

References

Anagrams

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Danish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Inflection

Etymology 2

Noun

Usage notes

Inflection

Derived terms

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Irish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Mutation

Further reading

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

References

Old English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Mutation

Further reading

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun